Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has been transformedover the past two decades from a fatal to a chronic disease,because of combination antiretroviral therapy — a medicaltriumph.1 However, HIV has proven to be a masterful escape artistwith regard to the pharmacologic agents strategically deployedto block its replication, and the counterpoint to the antiretroviralsuccess story is one of drug resistance and toxicity. For asizable number of patients who have developed or acquired highlydrug-resistant HIV, suffering the ill effects of HIV diseaseis either a reality or a looming threat.
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