In 1956, Rolf Kostmann, a Swedish pediatrician, described anautosomal recessive disorder that he called infantile geneticagranulocytosis — which is now called severe congenitalneutropenia. The Kostmann form of this disorder is very rare;it is caused by disabling mutations in the HAX1 gene, whichencodes HAX1, a mitochondrial protein that inhibits apoptosis(see table).1 There are also autosomal dominant and sporadicforms of severe congenital neutropenia that are caused by mutationsin the ELA2 gene, which encodes the serine protease neutrophilelastase.2ELA2 mutations account for approximately 50 to 60%of cases of the disorder. Rare cases . . . [Full Text of this Article]
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Dr. Dale is a professor of medicine at the University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle. Dr. Link is an associate professor of medicine, Division of Oncology, Section of Stem Cell Biology, Washington University, St. Louis.
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