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This Journal feature begins with a case vignette highlighting a common clinical problem. Evidence supporting various strategies is then presented, followed by a review of formal guidelines, when they exist. The article ends with the authors' clinical recommendations.
A healthy 37-year-old woman presents at 10 weeks of pregnancy with vaginal bleeding. Physical examination shows that the uterine size is appropriate for gestational age. The level of serum human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is 22,000 mIU per milliliter. Ultrasonography does not show an identifiable fetal heartbeat. After receiving a clinical diagnosis of missed abortion, the patient undergoes evacuation of the uterus; pathological
The Clinical Problem
Strategies and Evidence
Diagnosis
Ultrasonographic Examination
Measurement of hCG
Challenges of Pathological Diagnosis
Management
Persistent Neoplasia after a Molar Pregnancy
Monitoring of hCG after Evacuation of the Mole
Subsequent Pregnancy
Areas of Uncertainty
Guidelines
Conclusions and Recommendations
Source Information
From the New England Trophoblastic Disease Center, Trophoblastic Tumor Registry; the Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women's Hospital; the Dana–Farber Cancer Institute; and Harvard Medical School — all in Boston.
An audio version of this article is available at NEJM.org.
Address reprint requests to Dr. Berkowitz at the Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis St., Boston, MA 02115, or at rberkowitz@partners.org.
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