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Supplementary Appendix 1
The magnetic resonance pulse sequences consisted of a T2-weighted fast spin–echo, a T2-weighted gradient-echo, and a T1-weighted two- or three-dimensional gradient-echo sequence obtained in different anatomical planes. The T2-weighted fast spin–echo involved a repetition time of 4500 to 5500 msec, an echo time of 80 to 100 msec, a flip angle of 90 degrees, 3 excitations, a slice thickness of 3 mm, an interslice gap of 0 mm, a matrix of 256 by 256 mm, and a field of view of 20 by 30 cm. The T2-weighted gradient-echo involved a repetition time of 300 to 400 msec, an echo time of 24 msec, a flip angle of 20 degrees, 2 excitations, a slice thickness of 3 mm, an interslice gap of 0 mm, a matrix of 160 by 256 mm, and a field of view of 22 by 30 cm. The two-dimensional T1-weighted gradient-echo involved a repetition time of 175 msec, an echo time of 1.8 msec, a flip angle of 80 degrees, 2 excitations, a slice thickness of 4 mm, an interslice gap of 0 mm, a matrix of 128 by 256 mm, and a field of view of 22 by 30 cm. The three-dimensional T1-weighted gradient-echo involved a repetition time of 4.5 to 5.5 msec, an echo time of 1.4 msec, a flip angle of 15 degrees, 2 excitations, a slice thickness of 5 mm, an interslice gap of 0 mm, a matrix of 256 by 256 mm, and a field of view of 24 by 32 cm.
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