Background We conducted a randomized trial of the treatmentof multiple myeloma with high-dose chemotherapy followed byeither one or two successive autologous stem-cell transplantations.
Methods At the time of diagnosis, 399 previously untreated patientsunder the age of 60 years were randomly assigned to receivea single or double transplant.
Results A complete or a very good partial response was achievedby 42 percent of patients in the single-transplant group and50 percent of patients in the double-transplant group (P=0.10).The probability of surviving event-free for seven years afterthe diagnosis was 10 percent in the single-transplant groupand 20 percent in the double-transplant group (P=0.03). Theestimated overall seven-year survival rate was 21 percent inthe single-transplant group and 42 percent in the double-transplantgroup (P=0.01). Among patients who did not have a very goodpartial response within three months after one transplantation,the probability of surviving seven years was 11 percent in thesingle-transplant group and 43 percent in the double-transplantgroup (P<0.001). Four factors were significantly relatedto survival: base-line serum levels of beta2-microglobulin (P<0.01)and lactate dehydrogenase (P<0.01), age (P<0.05), andtreatment group (P<0.01).
Conclusions As compared with a single autologous stem-cell transplantationafter high-dose chemotherapy, double transplantation improvesoverall survival among patients with myeloma, especially thosewho do not have a very good partial response after undergoingone transplantation.
The failure of conventional chemotherapy to improve the outlookin multiple myeloma1 has led to the treatment of this diseasewith high-dose chemotherapy plus autologous stem-cell transplantation.Promising results have been obtained in pilot studies,2,3 andrandomized trials comparing autologous stem-cell transplantationwith conventional chemotherapy in patients with newly diagnosedmyeloma have been reported.4,5,6,7,8 These studies demonstratedthe superiority of autologous stem-cell transplantation overconventional treatment in terms of the response rate and event-freesurvival, but the effects on overall survival were unclear.A survival benefit was observed in French and British trials,4,5but not in others,6,7,8 in part because stem-cell transplantationwas used as salvage therapy after the failure of conventionalchemotherapy. Thus, stem-cell transplantation is recommendedfor young patients with multiple myeloma as part of the initialtherapy or at the time of disease progression.9 However, themedian duration of response after this procedure does not exceedthree years, and almost all patients ultimately relapse.
To prolong the duration of response, double-intensive therapy,in which two successive autologous stem-cell transplantationsare performed, has been evaluated in high-risk patients.10 Ina trial conducted almost 10 years ago, up to 73 percent of patientswere able to tolerate double-intensive treatment, and the rateof complete response increased from 24 percent after the firsttransplantation to 43 percent after the second.11 This reportencouraged the use of double transplantation in young patientswith myeloma,12,13 but selection bias hindered a direct comparisonof double and single transplantations. In 1994, we began a trialdesigned to make such a comparison.
Methods
Eligibility
Patients less than 60 years of age who had Durie–Salmonstage I (one bone lesion), II, or III myeloma were eligible.The criteria for exclusion were prior treatment for myeloma,another cancer, abnormal cardiac function (indicated by a systolicejection fraction less than 50 percent), chronic respiratorydisease (indicated by a vital capacity or carbon monoxide diffusingcapacity less than 50 percent of predicted), abnormal liverfunction (indicated by a serum bilirubin level more than 2 mgper deciliter [35 µmol per liter] or an alanine aminotransferaseor aspartate aminotransferase level more than four times theupper limit of normal), and psychiatric disease. Between October1994 and March 1997, 403 patients from 45 centers were enrolled.Four patients were excluded: one was older than 60 years ofage, and three had primary plasma-cell leukemia. A total of399 patients were evaluated. The study was approved by the institutionalethics committees, and the patients gave written informed consent.
Study Protocol
Initial Randomization
Patients were randomly assigned at the time of diagnosis toreceive one or two autologous stem-cell transplants. The sequenceof randomization was determined by the coordinating center (inToulouse, France), which made the treatment assignment by telephoneafter each patient's eligibility was confirmed.
Initial Chemotherapy
In each group, patients were initially treated with a continuousintravenous infusion of 0.4 mg of vincristine per square meterof body-surface area and 9 mg of doxorubicin per square meterover a 24-hour period for four days, with 40 mg of oral dexamethasoneper day on days 1 through 4 (the VAD regimen). Three or fourcycles of VAD were administered at three-week intervals.
Collection of Autologous Stem Cells
After initial chemotherapy, patients with a performance statusbelow World Health Organization grade 3 and a serum creatininelevel of less than 1.7 mg per deciliter (150 µmol perliter) underwent stem-cell collection. The source of stem cells(bone marrow or blood collected after the infusion of granulocytecolony-stimulating factor) was allocated according to a secondrandomization procedure at the time of stem-cell collection.A minimum of 2 million CD34+ cells per kilogram of body weightper transplantation was collected.
Stem-Cell Transplantation
In the group that received a single transplant, the preparativeregimen was melphalan (140 mg per square meter) and total-bodyirradiation (8 Gy delivered in four fractions over a periodof four days). In the group that received a double transplant,patients received the first transplant after preparation withmelphalan alone (140 mg per square meter). Melphalan and thesame dose of total-body irradiation as the single-transplantgroup received were given before the second transplantation.
Maintenance Treatment with Interferon Alfa
After transplantation in each group, treatment with interferonalfa was administered three times a week at a dose of 3 millionU. Interferon alfa was started after hematologic reconstitution.
Criteria for a Response
The response criteria of the European Group for Blood and MarrowTransplantation,14 proposed in 1998, were not used in this study,which was initiated in 1994. A complete response was definedas the lack of detectable paraprotein by serum and urine electrophoresisand 5 percent or fewer plasma cells with normal morphologicfeatures in a bone marrow aspirate.4 A very good partial responsewas defined as a 90 percent decrease in the serum paraproteinlevel; a partial response was defined as a 50 percent decreasein the paraprotein level or a 90 percent decrease in the levelof Bence Jones protein (including patients with Bence Jonesprotein alone) or both; a minimal response was defined as a25 percent decrease in the paraprotein level; stable diseasewas defined as no change in the paraprotein level; progressivedisease was defined as a 25 percent increase in the paraproteinlevel after two cycles of the initial chemotherapy; and a relapsewas defined as the reappearance of paraprotein, the recurrenceof bone marrow infiltration, or both in a patient who had hada complete response and as a 50 percent increase above the plateaulevel of paraprotein in two samples obtained four weeks apartin a patient who had had a response.
Statistical Analysis
The proportions of patients with a given characteristic werecompared with the use of the chi-square test or Fisher's exacttest. Differences in the means of continuous measurements weretested with the use of Student's t-test and checked with theuse of the Mann–Whitney U test. All tests were two-tailed.The duration of event-free survival was calculated for all patientsfrom the date of randomization to the time of progression, relapse,or death. The duration of relapse-free survival was calculatedfor patients who had at least a minimal response, from the dateof randomization to the date of progression. Kaplan–Meiercurves for event-free survival, relapse-free survival, and overallsurvival were plotted and compared with the use of the log-ranktest. Prognostic factors for survival were determined by meansof the Cox proportional-hazards model for covariate analysis.The objective was to compare the two treatment groups with respectto the rates of complete response. A minimum of 180 randomizedpatients was required in each group to ensure that the studyhad a power of 95 percent to determine whether the true ratesof complete response were 25 percent in the single-transplantgroup and 45 percent in the double-transplant group, given asignificance level of 5 percent. The study was completed after403 patients were enrolled. All patients who underwent randomizationwere studied in their assigned treatment groups.
Results
Base-Line Characteristics
Table 1 shows the base-line characteristics of the 399 patients.There were no significant differences between the two treatmentgroups.
Table 1. Base-Line Characteristics of the Patients According to Treatment Group.
Completion of Assigned Therapy
In the single-transplant group, 85 percent of patients underwenttransplantation after a median of 3 cycles of VAD (range, 3to 6), and 57 percent of patients received interferon alfa fora median of 10 months (range, 4 to 35). A protocol violation,whether instituted by a physician or a patient, was the mainreason for patients' not receiving interferon. In the double-transplantgroup, 88 percent of patients underwent the first transplantationafter a median of 3 cycles of VAD (range, 3 to 6), and 78 percentunderwent the second transplantation. The median time from thefirst to the second transplantation was 2.5 months (range, 2to 7). In this group, 49 percent of patients received interferonfor a median of 11 months (range, 5 to 30).
Response Rate
Table 2 shows the response rates at each step of the study.Within three months after preparative treatment with melphalanplus total-body irradiation and autologous stem-cell transplantation,48 percent of patients in the single-transplant group had acomplete or very good partial response, as compared with 26percent of patients in the double-transplant group, who receivedtheir first transplant after treatment with melphalan alone(P=0.001).
The overall rates of complete or very good partial responsefor patients who actually received a single or a double transplantwere 49 percent and 63 percent, respectively (P=0.01). However,when the results were analyzed on an intention-to-treat basis,the response rates in the two groups did not differ significantly(42 percent in the single-transplant group and 50 percent inthe double-transplant group; P=0.10).
Event-Free, Relapse-Free, and Overall Survival
In the single-transplant group, the median follow-up was 75months (range, 51 to 93) from the time of randomization. Themedian durations of event-free, relapse-free, and overall survivalwere 25, 29, and 48 months, respectively. The probabilitiesof event-free, relapse-free, and overall survival seven yearsafter the diagnosis were 10 percent (Figure 1), 13 percent,and 21 percent (Figure 2), respectively. Of the 143 deaths inthis group, 124 were attributed to myeloma, 5 to the toxic effectsof VAD (sepsis), 3 to the toxic effects of transplantation (sepsis),9 to cardiovascular or thromboembolic disease, 1 to a braintumor, and 1 to suicide.
Figure 1. Kaplan–Meier Estimates of Event-free Survival.
The probabilities of event-free survival are shown with their 95 percent confidence intervals (CIs) below for three time points. Tick marks indicate patients at risk.
Figure 2. Kaplan–Meier Estimates of Overall Survival.
The probabilities of overall survival are shown with their 95 percent confidence intervals (CIs) below for three time points. Tick marks indicate patients at risk.
In the double-transplant group, the median follow-up was 75months (range, 36 to 93) from the time of randomization. Themedian durations of event-free, relapse-free, and overall survivalwere 30, 36, and 58 months, respectively. The probabilitiesof event-free, relapse-free, and overall survival seven yearsafter the diagnosis were 20 percent (Figure 1), 23 percent,and 42 percent (Figure 2), respectively. Of the 113 deaths inthis group, 95 were attributed to myeloma, 5 to the toxic effectsof VAD (sepsis), 7 to the toxic effects of transplantation (sepsis),4 to cardiovascular or thromboembolic disease, 1 to colon cancer,and 1 to an unknown cause. As compared with single transplantation,double transplantation improved event-free survival (P=0.03)(Figure 1), relapse-free survival (P<0.01), and overall survival(P=0.01) (Figure 2).
Prognostic Factors for Overall Survival
In a multivariate analysis of all 399 patients, overall survivalwas significantly related to base-line serum levels of beta2-microglobulin(P<0.01) and lactate dehydrogenase (P<0.01), age (P<0.05),and treatment assignment (P<0.01). To assess the responseto treatment as one of the variables that affected survival,we analyzed the group of 346 patients who survived more thanone year after diagnosis (three months after the end of treatment).In a multivariate analysis, survival was related to the maximalresponse to treatment (P<0.001), age (P=0.05), base-lineserum lactate dehydrogenase level (P=0.03), and treatment assignment(P=0.01). The overall survival among patients with a completeresponse who had a negative result when tested for myeloma proteinby immunofixation (which is a more sensitive method of detectingparaproteins than standard electrophoresis) was similar to thatamong such patients with detectable levels of myeloma protein(data not shown).
We compared overall survival according to the treatment groupin different subgroups of patients. As compared with a singletransplantation, double transplantation prolonged survival withineach of the following subgroups: patients with beta2-microglobulinlevels of 3 mg per liter or less, patients with beta2-microglobulinlevels of more than 3 mg per liter, patients with lactate dehydrogenaselevels of 330 IU or less, patients with lactate dehydrogenaselevels of more than 330 IU, patients with Durie–Salmonstage I or II disease, patients with Durie–Salmon stageIII disease, patients 50 years of age or younger, and thoseolder than 50 years of age.
The effect of a single or a double transplantation on overallsurvival differed according to the response achieved three monthsafter one transplantation. Patients who did not have at leasta very good partial response after the first procedure had asignificant benefit from the second transplantation. The ratesof survival at seven years were 11 percent in the single-transplantgroup and 43 percent in the double-transplant group (P<0.001)(Figure 3B). Patients who had at least a very good partial responsedid not benefit significantly from the second transplantation(P=0.70) (Figure 3A).
Figure 3. Overall Survival According to Whether Patients Had at Least a Very Good Partial Response after One Transplantation (Panel A) or Had No Such Response (Panel B).
Tick marks indicate patients at risk.
Treatment-Related Toxicity
The hematopoietic reconstitution was similar in the two groups.There were 8 (4 percent) treatment-related deaths in the single-transplantgroup and 12 (6 percent) in the double-transplant group (P=0.40)(Table 3).
In the single-transplant group, 148 patients had a relapse:13 received no salvage therapy, whereas 135 received conventionalchemotherapy; 33 underwent another stem-cell transplantation,and 23 received thalidomide. With a median follow-up of 29 monthsfrom the time of relapse, the probability of survival 2 yearsafter relapse was 36 percent.
In the double-transplant group, 129 patients relapsed: 12 receivedno salvage therapy, whereas 117 received conventional chemotherapy;34 underwent another stem-cell transplantation, and 25 receivedthalidomide. With a median follow-up of 30 months from the timeof relapse, the probability of survival 2 years after relapsewas 36 percent.
Source of Stem Cells
The time to hematopoietic reconstitution after high-dose therapywas faster after the receipt of a peripheral-blood graft thana bone marrow graft (data not shown). There were no significantdifferences in terms of the response rate, event-free survival,or overall survival according to the source of stem cells.
Discussion
We found that two successive autologous stem-cell transplantations,each preceded by high-dose chemotherapy, improved overall survivalamong patients with myeloma more than did a single transplantationafter high-dose chemotherapy. The probability of surviving sevenyears after the diagnosis was 42 percent in the double-transplantgroup and 21 percent in the single-transplant group (P=0.01).This survival benefit required a minimal follow-up of five yearsafter diagnosis to reach a statistically significant level.In other recent studies of double transplantation in patientswith myeloma, the follow-up ranged from 30 to 40 months, whichwe believe is not a sufficient period from which to draw definiteconclusions.15,16,17
We previously reported that a complete response after high-dosechemotherapy plus a single transplantation was the most importantprognostic factor for survival among patients with myeloma.18In the current trial, 49 percent of patients who received asingle transplant had a complete or a very good partial response,as compared with 63 percent after two transplantations (P=0.01).However, when the results were analyzed on an intention-to-treatbasis, the response rates in the two groups did not differ significantly,and therefore, the quality of these responses cannot explainthe difference in survival. Instead, it appears that doubletransplantation improves survival by prolonging the durationof the response. The probability of surviving free of relapsefor seven years after the diagnosis was 13 percent in the single-transplantgroup and 23 percent in the double-transplant group (P<0.01),with similar survival rates after relapse in the two groups.The reasons for the longer duration of response in the double-transplantgroup are unknown. The suppression of either residual tumorcells or nonspecific damage to the marrow microenvironment,which is necessary for tumor growth, could be involved.
One objective of our trial was to evaluate the feasibility andtoxic effects of double transplantation. Among the patientsenrolled in the double-transplant group, 22 percent could notreceive their assigned therapy. The most common reasons werepoor performance status and poor stem-cell collection owingto an insufficient response after the initial VAD treatment.Treatment with a combination of VAD and proteasome inhibitors,19thalidomide,20 or its immunomodulatory analogues21 might improvethe initial response rate and lower the exclusion rate. Therisk of life-threatening toxic effects due to double transplantationwas a major concern. However, the hematopoietic reconstitutionwas similar after one or two transplantations, and the ratesof death caused by toxic effects did not differ significantlybetween the two groups. We used the combination of high-dosemelphalan and total-body irradiation, long considered the standardconditioning regimen before transplantation. We recently reportedthat high-dose melphalan alone (200 mg per square meter) wasless toxic and associated with longer survival than high-dosemelphalan plus total-body irradiation.22 Thus, toxicity couldbe diminished and survival might be improved if recipients ofdouble transplants received melphalan alone.
The morbidity and costs of double transplantations justify theuse of an approach in which patients who could benefit the mostfrom this treatment are selected. Our results indicate thatdouble transplantation could benefit patients who do not havea very good partial response within three months after undergoinga single transplantation. Indeed, the seven-year survival rateamong such patients was 11 percent after one transplantationin the single-transplant group and 43 percent in the double-transplantgroup (P<0.001). Another strategy for patients with a verygood partial response after undergoing one transplantation,recently proposed by the Royal Marsden group, is maintenancechemotherapy, with a second transplantation at the time of diseaseprogression.23 We prepared recipients of the first transplantwith 140 mg of melphalan per square meter; the use of a doseof 200 mg per square meter might improve the rates of very goodpartial response, thereby reducing the need for a second transplantation.
Although our trial demonstrates that double transplantationimproves overall survival among patients with myeloma, the absenceof a plateau in the curve for event-free survival justifiesthe development of new strategies to control this disease. Theuse of thalidomide and its more effective immunomodulatory analogues,proteasome inhibitors, plasma-cell–directed monoclonalantibodies, vaccine therapy, and inhibitors of bone marrow resorptionmay modify the approach to the treatment of this disease.
Supported by a major grant from the Programme Hospitalier deRecherche Clinique.
We are indebted to Dr. J.P. Jaffrezou for his critical readingof the manuscript, and to M. Frede for assistance in the preparationof the manuscript.
* The participants in the InterGroupe Francophone du Myélome(IFM) are listed in the Appendix.
Source Information
From the Departments of Hematology and Biostatistics, Hôpital Purpan, Toulouse, France (M.A.); Hôtel Dieu, Nantes, France (J.-L.H., R. Bataille); Hôpital C. Huriez, Lille, France (T.F.); Centre Hospitalier la Mileterie, Poitiers, France (F.G.); Centre Universitaire Saint Luc, Brussells, Belgium (C.D.); Hôpital du Cimiez, Nice, France ( J.-G.F.); Centre Henri Becquerel, Rouen, France (M.M.); Centre Hospitalier Brabois, Nancy, France (C.H.); Centre Hospitalier Le Bocage, Dijon, France (D.C.); Institut Paoli Calmettes, Marseilles, France (R. Bouabdallah); Hôpital Jean Minjoz, Besançon, France (L.V.); Hôpital Albert Michallon, Grenoble, France (J.-J.S.); and Hôpital Sud, Rennes, France (B.G.).
Address reprint requests to Dr. Attal at the Service d'Hématologie, Hôpital Purpan, Place du Dr. Baylac, 31059 Toulouse, France, or at attal.m{at}chu-toulouse.fr.
References
Myeloma Trialists' Collaborative Group. Combination chemotherapy versus melphalan plus prednisone as treatment for multiple myeloma: an overview of 6,633 patients from 27 randomized trials. J Clin Oncol 1998;16:3832-3842. [Free Full Text]
Gore ME, Selby PJ, Viner C, et al. Intensive treatment of multiple myeloma and criteria for complete remission. Lancet 1989;2:879-882. [Medline]
Barlogie B, Gahrton G. Bone marrow transplantation in multiple myeloma. Bone Marrow Transplant 1991;7:71-79. [Medline]
Attal M, Harousseau J-L, Stoppa A-M, et al. A prospective, randomized trial of autologous bone marrow transplantation and chemotherapy in multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med 1996;335:91-97. [Free Full Text]
Child JA, Morgan GJ, Davies FE, et al. High-dose chemotherapy with hematopoietic stem-cell rescue for multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med 2003;348:1875-1883. [Free Full Text]
Fermand J-P, Ravaud P, Katsahian S, et al. High dose therapy (HDT) and autologous blood stem cell (ABSC) transplantation versus conventional treatment in multiple myeloma (MM): results of a randomized trial in 190 patients 55 to 65 years of age. Blood 1999;94:396a-396a. abstract.
Blade J, Sureda A, Ribera JM, et al. High-dose therapy and autotransplantation/intensification vs continued conventional chemotherapy in multiple myeloma patients responding to initial treatment chemotherapy: results of a prospective randomized trial from the Spanish Cooperative Group PETHEMA. Blood 2001;98:815a-815a. abstract.
Palumbo A, Bringhen S, Rus C, et al. A prospective randomized trial of intermediate dose melphalan (100 m/m2) vs oral melphalan/prednisone: an interim analysis. Blood 2001;98:849a-849a. abstract.
Fermand JP, Ravaud P, Chevret S, et al. High-dose therapy and autologous peripheral stem cell transplantation in multiple myeloma: up-front or rescue treatment? Results of a multicenter sequential randomized clinical trial. Blood 1998;92:3131-3136. [Free Full Text]
Harousseau JL, Milpied N, Laporte JP, et al. Double-intensive therapy in high-risk multiple myeloma. Blood 1992;79:2827-2833. [Free Full Text]
Vesole DH, Barlogie B, Jagannath S, et al. High-dose therapy for refractory multiple myeloma: improved prognosis with better supportive care and double transplants. Blood 1994;84:950-956. [Free Full Text]
Barlogie B, Jagannath S, Desikan KR, et al. Total therapy with tandem transplants for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. Blood 1999;93:55-65. [Free Full Text]
Björkstrand B. European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Registry studies in multiple myeloma. Semin Hematol 2001;38:219-225. [CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline]
Blade J, Samson D, Reece D, et al. Criteria for evaluating disease response and progression in patients with multiple myeloma treated with high-dose therapy and haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Br J Haematol 1998;102:1115-1123. [CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline]
Fermand J-P, Marolleau J-P, Alberti C, et al. Single versus tandem high dose therapy (HDT) supported with autologous blood stem cell (ABSC) transplantation using unselected or CD34 enriched ABSC: preliminary results of a two by two designed randomized trial in 230 young patients with multiple myeloma (MM). Blood 2001;98:815a-815a. abstract.
Segeren CM, Sonneveld P, van der Holt B, et al. Overall and event-free survival are not improved by the use of myeloablative therapy following intensified chemotherapy in previously untreated patients with multiple myeloma: a prospective randomized phase 3 study. Blood 2003;101:2144-2151. [Free Full Text]
Cavo M, Tosi P, Zamagni E, et al. The "Bologna 96" clinical trial of single vs. double autotransplants for previously untreated multiple myeloma patients. Blood 2002;100:179a-179a. abstract.
Attal M, Harousseau JL. Randomized trial experience of the Intergroupe Francophone du Myélome. Semin Hematol 2001;38:226-230. [CrossRef][Medline]
Richardson PG, Barlogie B, Berenson J, et al. A phase 2 study of bortezomid in relapsed, refractory myeloma. N Engl J Med 2003;348:2609-2617. [Free Full Text]
Singhal S, Mehta J, Desikan R, et al. Antitumor activity of thalidomide in refractory multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med 1999;341:1565-1571. [Erratum, N Engl J Med 2000;342:364.] [Free Full Text]
Richardson P, Jagannath S, Schlossman R, et al. A multi-center, randomized, phase II study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of two CDC-5013 dose regimens when used alone or in combination with dexamethasone (Dex) for the treatment of relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. Blood 2002;100:104a-104a. abstract.
Moreau P, Facon T, Attal M, et al. Comparison of 200 mg/m2 melphalan and 8 Gy total body irradiation plus 140 mg/m2 melphalan as conditioning regimens for peripheral blood stem cell transplantation in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: final analysis of the Intergroupe Francophone du Myelome 9502 randomized trial. Blood 2002;99:731-735. [Free Full Text]
Sirohi B, Powles R, Singhal S, et al. Second high-dose melphalan autografts for myeloma patients relapsing after one autograft: results equivalent to tandem transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2002;29:Suppl 2:S12-S12. abstract.
Appendix
The following centers and investigators from the IFM participatedin this study: France — Amiens, Hôpital Sud (B.Desablens); Angers, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire(N. Ifrah, M. Dib); Annecy, Centre Hospitalier (B. Corront,C. Martin); Avignon, Hôpital Henri Duffaut (S. Rossanino,G. Lepeu); Bayonne, Centre Hospitalier (M. Renoux, F. Bauduer);Besançon, Hôpital Jean Minjoz (J.Y. Cahn, L. Voillat);Blois, Centre Hospitalier (D. Rodon); Bobigny, HôpitalAvicenne (P. Casassus); Bordeaux, Hôpital du Haut-Lévêque(G. Marit, J.M. Boiron); Bourg en Bresse, Centre Hospitalier(H. Orfeuvre); Brest, Hôpital Augustin Morvan (C. Autrand);Châlon sur Saône, Centre Hospitalier (B. Salles);Cholet, Polyclinique du Parc (D. Zannetti); Clermont Ferrand,Hôpital Hôtel Dieu (A.C. Fouilhoux); Compiègne,Centre Hospitalier (D. Veyssier); Dijon, Centre Hospitalierdu Bocage (D. Caillot); Grenoble, Hôpital Albert Michallon(J.J. Sotto, B. Pegourié, L. Molina); La Roche sur Yon,Centre Hospitalier Départemental (H. Maisonneuve); Lausanne,Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (D. Frochaux, T. Kowacsovics);Laval, Centre Hospitalier Général (M. Jacomy);Le Havre, Groupe Hospitalier (B. Bonnet), Le Mans, Centre Hospitalier(R. Saad, J. Duguay); Libourne, Hôpital Robert Boullin(K. Bouabdallah); Lille, Hôpital C. Huriez (T. Facon);Lorient, Centre Hospitalier Bodélio (C. Rives); Lyons,Centre Léon Bérard (P. Biron); Lyons, HôpitalEdouard Herriot (M. Michallet); Marseilles, Institut Paoli Calmettes(A.M. Stoppa, R. Bouabdallah); Montpellier, Hôpital Lapeyronie(J.F. Rossi); Montpellier, Centre Val D'Aurelle (M. Fabbro);Nancy, Centre Hospitalier Brabois (C. Hulin); Nantes, HôpitalHôtel Dieu (J.L. Harousseau, P. Moreau, R. Bataille);Nice, Hôpital de l'Archet (J.G. Fuzibet, L. Euller-Ziegler,N. Gratecos); Nice, Centre Antoine Lacassagne (A. Thyss); Poitiers,Centre Hospitalier La Mileterie (A. Sadoun, E. Randriamala);Reims, Hôpital Robert Debré (B. Pignon, J.P. Vilque);Rennes, Hôpital Sud (B. Grobois); Rennes, HôpitalPonchaillou (P.Y. Le Prise, C. Dauriac); Rouen, Centre HenriBecquerel (M. Monconduit); Rouen, Hôpital de Boisguillaume(C. Fruchart); Saint-Brieuc, Centre Hospitalier La Beauchée(Y. Yakoub Agha); Saint Etienne, Hôpital Nord (J. Jaubert,P. Oriol); Strasbourg, Hôpital de Hautepierre (F. Maloisel);Suresnes, Hôpital Foch (E. Baumelou); Toulouse, HôpitalPurpan (A. Huyn, F. Huguet, C. Payen, J. Pris); Toulouse, HôpitalRangueil (M. Laroche); Tours, Hôpital Bretonneau (P. Colombat,L. Benboubker); Vannes, Centre Hospitalier Prosper Chubert (H.Jardel); Belgium — Brussels, Centre Universitaire SaintLuc (J.L. Michaux, C. Doyen).
Eom, H.-S., Min, C.-K., Cho, B.-S., Lee, S., Lee, J.-W., Min, W.-S., Kim, C.-C., Kim, M., Kim, Y.
(2009). Retrospective Comparison of Bortezomib-containing Regimens with Vincristine-Doxorubicin-Dexamethasone (VAD) as Induction Treatment Prior to Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation for Multiple Myeloma. Jpn J Clin Oncol
39: 449-455
[Abstract][Full Text]
Kumar, A., Djulbegovic, B.
(2009). Response: Re: Tandem vs Single Autologous Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JNCI J Natl Cancer Inst
101: 966-967
[Full Text]
Harousseau, J.-L., Moreau, P.
(2009). Autologous Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation for Multiple Myeloma. NEJM
360: 2645-2654
[Full Text]
DiPersio, J. F., Stadtmauer, E. A., Nademanee, A., Micallef, I. N. M., Stiff, P. J., Kaufman, J. L., Maziarz, R. T., Hosing, C., Fruehauf, S., Horwitz, M., Cooper, D., Bridger, G., Calandra, G., for the 3102 Investigators,
(2009). Plerixafor and G-CSF versus placebo and G-CSF to mobilize hematopoietic stem cells for autologous stem cell transplantation in patients with multiple myeloma. Blood
113: 5720-5726
[Abstract][Full Text]
Harousseau, J.-L., Dreyling, M., On behalf of the ESMO Guidelines Working Group,
(2009). Multiple myeloma: ESMO Clinical Recommendations for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol
20: iv97-iv99
[Full Text]
Treon, S. P., Branagan, A. R., Ioakimidis, L., Soumerai, J. D., Patterson, C. J., Turnbull, B., Wasi, P., Emmanouilides, C., Frankel, S. R., Lister, A., Morel, P., Matous, J., Gregory, S. A., Kimby, E.
(2009). Long-term outcomes to fludarabine and rituximab in Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia. Blood
113: 3673-3678
[Abstract][Full Text]
Spencer, A., Prince, H. M., Roberts, A. W., Prosser, I. W., Bradstock, K. F., Coyle, L., Gill, D. S., Horvath, N., Reynolds, J., Kennedy, N.
(2009). Consolidation Therapy With Low-Dose Thalidomide and Prednisolone Prolongs the Survival of Multiple Myeloma Patients Undergoing a Single Autologous Stem-Cell Transplantation Procedure. JCO
27: 1788-1793
[Abstract][Full Text]
Rotta, M., Storer, B. E., Sahebi, F., Shizuru, J. A., Bruno, B., Lange, T., Agura, E. D., McSweeney, P. A., Pulsipher, M. A., Hari, P., Maziarz, R. T., Chauncey, T. R., Appelbaum, F. R., Sorror, M. L., Bensinger, W., Sandmaier, B. M., Storb, R. F., Maloney, D. G.
(2009). Long-term outcome of patients with multiple myeloma after autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation and nonmyeloablative allografting. Blood
113: 3383-3391
[Abstract][Full Text]
Bruno, B., Rotta, M., Patriarca, F., Mattei, D., Allione, B., Carnevale-Schianca, F., Sorasio, R., Rambaldi, A., Casini, M., Parma, M., Bavaro, P., Onida, F., Busca, A., Castagna, L., Benedetti, E., Iori, A. P., Giaccone, L., Palumbo, A., Corradini, P., Fanin, R., Maloney, D., Storb, R., Baldi, I., Ricardi, U., Boccadoro, M.
(2009). Nonmyeloablative allografting for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: the experience of the Gruppo Italiano Trapianti di Midollo. Blood
113: 3375-3382
[Abstract][Full Text]
Sung, B., Kunnumakkara, A. B., Sethi, G., Anand, P., Guha, S., Aggarwal, B. B.
(2009). Curcumin circumvents chemoresistance in vitro and potentiates the effect of thalidomide and bortezomib against human multiple myeloma in nude mice model. Molecular Cancer Therapeutics
8: 959-970
[Abstract][Full Text]
Atanackovic, D., Luetkens, T., Hildebrandt, Y., Arfsten, J., Bartels, K., Horn, C., Stahl, T., Cao, Y., Zander, A. R., Bokemeyer, C., Kroger, N.
(2009). Longitudinal Analysis and Prognostic Effect of Cancer-Testis Antigen Expression in Multiple Myeloma. Clin. Cancer Res.
15: 1343-1352
[Abstract][Full Text]
Saad, A. A, Sharma, M., Higa, G. M
(2009). Treatment of Multiple Myeloma in the Targeted Therapy Era. The Annals of Pharmacotherapy
43: 329-338
[Abstract][Full Text]
Kumar, A., Kharfan-Dabaja, M. A., Glasmacher, A., Djulbegovic, B.
(2009). Tandem Versus Single Autologous Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JNCI J Natl Cancer Inst
101: 100-106
[Abstract][Full Text]
Lahuerta, J. J., Mateos, M. V., Martinez-Lopez, J., Rosinol, L., Sureda, A., de la Rubia, J., Garcia-Larana, J., Martinez-Martinez, R., Hernandez-Garcia, M. T., Carrera, D., Besalduch, J., de Arriba, F., Ribera, J. M., Escoda, L., Hernandez-Ruiz, B., Garcia-Frade, J., Rivas-Gonzalez, C., Alegre, A., Blade, J., San Miguel, J. F.
(2008). Influence of Pre- and Post-Transplantation Responses on Outcome of Patients With Multiple Myeloma: Sequential Improvement of Response and Achievement of Complete Response Are Associated With Longer Survival. JCO
26: 5775-5782
[Abstract][Full Text]
Wechalekar, A. D., Lachmann, H. J., Goodman, H. J. B., Bradwell, A., Hawkins, P. N., Gillmore, J. D.
(2008). AL amyloidosis associated with IgM paraproteinemia: clinical profile and treatment outcome. Blood
112: 4009-4016
[Abstract][Full Text]
Rosinol, L., Perez-Simon, J. A., Sureda, A., de la Rubia, J., de Arriba, F., Lahuerta, J. J., Gonzalez, J. D., Diaz-Mediavilla, J., Hernandez, B., Garcia-Frade, J., Carrera, D., Leon, A., Hernandez, M., Abellan, P. F., Bergua, J. M., San Miguel, J., Blade, J., for Programa para el Estudio y la Terapeutica de l,
(2008). A prospective PETHEMA study of tandem autologous transplantation versus autograft followed by reduced-intensity conditioning allogeneic transplantation in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. Blood
112: 3591-3593
[Abstract][Full Text]
Barlogie, B., Pineda-Roman, M., van Rhee, F., Haessler, J., Anaissie, E., Hollmig, K., Alsayed, Y., Waheed, S., Petty, N., Epstein, J., Shaughnessy, J. D. Jr, Tricot, G., Zangari, M., Zeldis, J., Barer, S., Crowley, J.
(2008). Thalidomide arm of Total Therapy 2 improves complete remission duration and survival in myeloma patients with metaphase cytogenetic abnormalities. Blood
112: 3115-3121
[Abstract][Full Text]
Burington, B., Barlogie, B., Zhan, F., Crowley, J., Shaughnessy, J. D. Jr.
(2008). Tumor Cell Gene Expression Changes Following Short-term In vivo Exposure to Single Agent Chemotherapeutics are Related to Survival in Multiple Myeloma. Clin. Cancer Res.
14: 4821-4829
[Abstract][Full Text]
Rajkumar, S. V., Rosinol, L., Hussein, M., Catalano, J., Jedrzejczak, W., Lucy, L., Olesnyckyj, M., Yu, Z., Knight, R., Zeldis, J. B., Blade, J.
(2008). Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of Thalidomide Plus Dexamethasone Compared With Dexamethasone As Initial Therapy for Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma. JCO
26: 2171-2177
[Abstract][Full Text]
Mehta, J.
(2008). One or two autografts for myeloma?. Blood
111: 3899-3900
[Full Text]
Kyle, R. A., Rajkumar, S. V.
(2008). Multiple myeloma. Blood
111: 2962-2972
[Abstract][Full Text]
Kumar, S. K., Rajkumar, S. V., Dispenzieri, A., Lacy, M. Q., Hayman, S. R., Buadi, F. K., Zeldenrust, S. R., Dingli, D., Russell, S. J., Lust, J. A., Greipp, P. R., Kyle, R. A., Gertz, M. A.
(2008). Improved survival in multiple myeloma and the impact of novel therapies. Blood
111: 2516-2520
[Abstract][Full Text]
Jagannath, S.
(2008). Is tandem autotransplantation necessary in myeloma?. Blood
111: 1751-1752
[Full Text]
Abdelkefi, A., Ladeb, S., Torjman, L., Othman, T. B., Lakhal, A., Romdhane, N. B., Omri, H. E., Elloumi, M., Belaaj, H., Jeddi, R., Aissaoui, L., Ksouri, H., Hassen, A. B., Msadek, F., Saad, A., Hsairi, M., Boukef, K., Amouri, A., Louzir, H., Dellagi, K., Abdeladhim, A. B., on behalf of the Tunisian Multiple Myeloma Study G,
(2008). Single autologous stem-cell transplantation followed by maintenance therapy with thalidomide is superior to double autologous transplantation in multiple myeloma: results of a multicenter randomized clinical trial. Blood
111: 1805-1810
[Abstract][Full Text]
Niesvizky, R., Jayabalan, D. S., Christos, P. J., Furst, J. R., Naib, T., Ely, S., Jalbrzikowski, J., Pearse, R. N., Zafar, F., Pekle, K., LaRow, A., Lent, R., Mark, T., Cho, H. J., Shore, T., Tepler, J., Harpel, J., Schuster, M. W., Mathew, S., Leonard, J. P., Mazumdar, M., Chen-Kiang, S., Coleman, M.
(2008). BiRD (Biaxin [clarithromycin]/Revlimid [lenalidomide]/dexamethasone) combination therapy results in high complete- and overall-response rates in treatment-naive symptomatic multiple myeloma.. Blood
111: 1101-1109
[Abstract][Full Text]
Bensinger, W.
(2008). Stem-Cell Transplantation for Multiple Myeloma in the Era of Novel Drugs. JCO
26: 480-492
[Abstract][Full Text]
Harousseau, J.-L.
(2008). Induction Therapy in Multiple Myeloma. ASH Education Book
2008: 306-312
[Abstract][Full Text]
Fermand, J.-P.
(2008). Initial Therapy for Multiple Myeloma: Role of Stem Cell Transplantation. Am Soc Clin Oncol Ed Book
2008: 375-379
[Abstract][Full Text]
Barlogie, B., Tricot, G., Haessler, J., van Rhee, F., Cottler-Fox, M., Anaissie, E., Waldron, J., Pineda-Roman, M., Thertulien, R., Zangari, M., Hollmig, K., Mohiuddin, A., Alsayed, Y., Hoering, A., Crowley, J., Sawyer, J.
(2008). Cytogenetically defined myelodysplasia after melphalan-based autotransplantation for multiple myeloma linked to poor hematopoietic stem-cell mobilization: the Arkansas experience in more than 3000 patients treated since 1989. Blood
111: 94-100
[Abstract][Full Text]
Mahtouk, K., Hose, D., De Vos, J., Moreaux, J., Jourdan, M., Rossi, J. F., Reme, T., Goldschmidt, H., Klein, B.
(2007). Input of DNA Microarrays to Identify Novel Mechanisms in Multiple Myeloma Biology and Therapeutic Applications. Clin. Cancer Res.
13: 7289-7295
[Abstract][Full Text]
Haessler, J., Shaughnessy, J. D. Jr., Zhan, F., Crowley, J., Epstein, J., van Rhee, F., Anaissie, E., Pineda-Roman, M., Zangari, M., Hollmig, K., Mohiuddin, A., Alsayed, Y., Hoering, A., Tricot, G., Barlogie, B.
(2007). Benefit of Complete Response in Multiple Myeloma Limited to High-Risk Subgroup Identified by Gene Expression Profiling. Clin. Cancer Res.
13: 7073-7079
[Abstract][Full Text]
Dingli, D., Pacheco, J. M., Nowakowski, G. S., Kumar, S. K., Dispenzieri, A., Hayman, S. R., Lacy, M. Q., Gastineau, D. A., Gertz, M. A.
(2007). Relationship Between Depth of Response and Outcome in Multiple Myeloma. JCO
25: 4933-4937
[Abstract][Full Text]
Rajkumar, S. V., Richardson, P. G., Lacy, M. Q., Dispenzieri, A., Greipp, P. R., Witzig, T. E., Schlossman, R., Sidor, C. F., Anderson, K. C., Gertz, M. A.
(2007). Novel Therapy with 2-Methoxyestradiol for the Treatment of Relapsed and Plateau Phase Multiple Myeloma. Clin. Cancer Res.
13: 6162-6167
[Abstract][Full Text]
Palumbo, A., Falco, P., Corradini, P., Falcone, A., Di Raimondo, F., Giuliani, N., Crippa, C., Ciccone, G., Omede, P., Ambrosini, M. T., Gay, F., Bringhen, S., Musto, P., Foa, R., Knight, R., Zeldis, J. B., Boccadoro, M., Petrucci, M. T.
(2007). Melphalan, Prednisone, and Lenalidomide Treatment for Newly Diagnosed Myeloma: A Report From the GIMEMA Italian Multiple Myeloma Network. JCO
25: 4459-4465
[Abstract][Full Text]
van de Velde, H. J.K., Liu, X., Chen, G., Cakana, A., Deraedt, W., Bayssas, M.
(2007). Complete response correlates with long-term survival and progression-free survival in high-dose therapy in multiple myeloma. haematol
92: 1399-1406
[Abstract][Full Text]
Lacy, M. Q., Gertz, M. A., Dispenzieri, A., Hayman, S. R., Geyer, S., Kabat, B., Zeldenrust, S. R., Kumar, S., Greipp, P. R., Fonseca, R., Lust, J. A., Russell, S. J., Kyle, R. A., Witzig, T. E., Bergsagel, P. L., Stewart, A. K., Rajkumar, S. V.
(2007). Long-term Results of Response to Therapy, Time to Progression, and Survival With Lenalidomide Plus Dexamethasone in Newly Diagnosed Myeloma. Mayo Clin Proc.
82: 1179-1184
[Abstract][Full Text]
Devetten, M, Armitage, J.
(2007). Hematopoietic cell transplantation: progress and obstacles. Ann Oncol
18: 1450-1456
[Abstract][Full Text]
Bourhis, J.-H., Bouko, Y., Koscielny, S., Bakkus, M., Greinix, H., Derigs, G., Salles, G., Feremans, W., Apperley, J., Samson, D., Bjorkstrand, B., Niederwieser, D., Gahrton, G., Pico, J.-L., Goldschmidt, H., European Group for Blood Marrow Transplantation (E,
(2007). Relapse risk after autologous transplantation in patients with newly diagnosed myeloma is not related with infused tumor cell load and the outcome is not improved by CD34+ cell selection: long term follow-up of an EBMT phase III randomized study. haematol
92: 1083-1090
[Abstract][Full Text]
Manochakian, R., Miller, K. C., Chanan-Khan, A. A.
(2007). Clinical Impact of Bortezomib in Frontline Regimens for Patients with Multiple Myeloma. The Oncologist
12: 978-990
[Abstract][Full Text]
Sonneveld, P., van der Holt, B., Segeren, C. M., Vellenga, E., Croockewit, A. J., Verhoef, G. E.G., Cornelissen, J. J., Schaafsma, M. R., van Oers, M. H.J., Wijermans, P. W., Westveer, P. H.M., Lokhorst, H. M.
(2007). Intermediate-dose melphalan compared with myeloablative treatment in multiple myeloma: long-term follow-up of the Dutch Cooperative Group HOVON 24 trial. haematol
92: 928-935
[Abstract][Full Text]
van Rhee, F., Crowley, J., Barlogie, B., Rajkumar, S. V., Kyle, R. A., Moreau, P., Harousseau, J.-L., Attal, M., Bruno, B., Ciccone, G., Boccadoro, M.
(2007). Allografting or Autografting for Myeloma. NEJM
356: 2646-2648
[Full Text]
Cavo, M., Tosi, P., Zamagni, E., Cellini, C., Tacchetti, P., Patriarca, F., Di Raimondo, F., Volpe, E., Ronconi, S., Cangini, D., Narni, F., Carubelli, A., Masini, L., Catalano, L., Fiacchini, M., de Vivo, A., Gozzetti, A., Lazzaro, A., Tura, S., Baccarani, M.
(2007). Prospective, Randomized Study of Single Compared With Double Autologous Stem-Cell Transplantation for Multiple Myeloma: Bologna 96 Clinical Study. JCO
25: 2434-2441
[Abstract][Full Text]
Richardson, P. G., Mitsiades, C., Schlossman, R., Munshi, N., Anderson, K.
(2007). New Drugs for Myeloma. The Oncologist
12: 664-689
[Abstract][Full Text]
Kristinsson, S. Y., Landgren, O., Dickman, P. W., Derolf, A. R., Bjorkholm, M.
(2007). Patterns of Survival in Multiple Myeloma: A Population-Based Study of Patients Diagnosed in Sweden From 1973 to 2003. JCO
25: 1993-1999
[Abstract][Full Text]
Crawley, C., Iacobelli, S., Bjorkstrand, B., Apperley, J. F., Niederwieser, D., Gahrton, G., for the Chronic Leukaemia Working Party of the Eur,
(2007). Reduced-intensity conditioning for myeloma: lower nonrelapse mortality but higher relapse rates compared with myeloablative conditioning. Blood
109: 3588-3594
[Abstract][Full Text]
Carlo-Stella, C., Guidetti, A., Di Nicola, M., Lavazza, C., Cleris, L., Sia, D., Longoni, P., Milanesi, M., Magni, M., Nagy, Z., Corradini, P., Carbone, A., Formelli, F., Gianni, A. M.
(2007). IFN-{gamma} Enhances the Antimyeloma Activity of the Fully Human Anti-Human Leukocyte Antigen-DR Monoclonal Antibody 1D09C3. Cancer Res.
67: 3269-3275
[Abstract][Full Text]
Bruno, B., Rotta, M., Patriarca, F., Mordini, N., Allione, B., Carnevale-Schianca, F., Giaccone, L., Sorasio, R., Omede, P., Baldi, I., Bringhen, S., Massaia, M., Aglietta, M., Levis, A., Gallamini, A., Fanin, R., Palumbo, A., Storb, R., Ciccone, G., Boccadoro, M.
(2007). A Comparison of Allografting with Autografting for Newly Diagnosed Myeloma. NEJM
356: 1110-1120
[Abstract][Full Text]
Dispenzieri, A., Rajkumar, S. V., Gertz, M. A., Lacy, M. Q., Kyle, R. A., Greipp, P. R., Witzig, T. E., Lust, J. A., Russell, S. J., Hayman, S. R., Kumar, S., Zeldenrust, S. R., Fonseca, R., Bergsagel, P. L., Reeder, C. B., Stewart, A. K., Roy, V., Dalton, R. J.
(2007). Treatment of Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma Based on Mayo Stratification of Myeloma and Risk-Adapted Therapy (mSMART): Consensus Statement. Mayo Clin Proc.
82: 323-341
[Abstract][Full Text]
Wechalekar, A. D., Goodman, H. J. B., Lachmann, H. J., Offer, M., Hawkins, P. N., Gillmore, J. D.
(2007). Safety and efficacy of risk-adapted cyclophosphamide, thalidomide, and dexamethasone in systemic AL amyloidosis. Blood
109: 457-464
[Abstract][Full Text]
Zamagni, E., Nanni, C., Patriarca, F., Englaro, E., Castellucci, P., Geatti, O., Tosi, P., Tacchetti, P., Cangini, D., Perrone, G., Ceccolini, M., Brioli, A., Buttignol, S., Fanin, R., Salizzoni, E., Baccarani, M., Fanti, S., Cavo, M.
(2007). A prospective comparison of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and whole-body planar radiographs in the assessment of bone disease in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. haematol
92: 50-55
[Abstract][Full Text]
Attal, M., Moreau, P., Avet-Loiseau, H., Harousseau, J.-L.
(2007). Stem Cell Transplantation in Multiple Myeloma. ASH Education Book
2007: 311-316
[Abstract][Full Text]
Richardson, P. G., Hideshima, T., Anderson, K. C.
(2007). Plasma cell dyscrasias. ASH-SAP
2007: 298-327
[Full Text]
Harousseau, J.-L., Attal, M., Moreau, P., Garban, F., Facon, T., Avet-Loiseau, H.
(2006). The Prognostic Impact of Complete Remission (CR) Plus Very Good Partial Remission (VGPR) in a Double-Transplantation Program for Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma (MM). Combined Results of the IFM 99 Trials.. ASH ANNUAL MEETING ABSTRACTS
108: 3077-3077
[Abstract]
Merlini, G.
(2006). Exciting new agents in multiple myeloma. Blood
108: 3235-3236
[Full Text]
Barlogie, B., Tricot, G.
(2006). Complete response in myeloma: a Trojan horse?. Blood
108: 2134-2134
[Full Text]
Zhan, F., Huang, Y., Colla, S., Stewart, J. P., Hanamura, I., Gupta, S., Epstein, J., Yaccoby, S., Sawyer, J., Burington, B., Anaissie, E., Hollmig, K., Pineda-Roman, M., Tricot, G., van Rhee, F., Walker, R., Zangari, M., Crowley, J., Barlogie, B., Shaughnessy, J. D. Jr
(2006). The molecular classification of multiple myeloma. Blood
108: 2020-2028
[Abstract][Full Text]
Hanamura, I., Stewart, J. P., Huang, Y., Zhan, F., Santra, M., Sawyer, J. R., Hollmig, K., Zangarri, M., Pineda-Roman, M., van Rhee, F., Cavallo, F., Burington, B., Crowley, J., Tricot, G., Barlogie, B., Shaughnessy, J. D. Jr
(2006). Frequent gain of chromosome band 1q21 in plasma-cell dyscrasias detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization: incidence increases from MGUS to relapsed myeloma and is related to prognosis and disease progression following tandem stem-cell transplantation. Blood
108: 1724-1732
[Abstract][Full Text]
Eom, K.-S., Min, C.-K., Lee, S., Kim, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Kim, H.-J., Lee, J.-W., Min, W.-S., Kim, C.-C.
(2006). Efficacy of Up-Front Treatment with a Double Stem Cell Transplantation in Multiple Myeloma. Jpn J Clin Oncol
36: 432-438
[Abstract][Full Text]
Vesole, D. H., Perez, W. S., Akasheh, M., Boudreau, C., Reece, D. E., Bredeson, C. N., Plasma Cell Disorders Working Committee of the Cen,
(2006). High-Dose Therapy and Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Patients With Primary Systemic Amyloidosis: A Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research Study. Mayo Clin Proc.
81: 880-888
[Abstract][Full Text]
Hussein, M. A., Baz, R., Srkalovic, G., Agrawal, N., Suppiah, R., Hsi, E., Andresen, S., Karam, M. A., Reed, J., Faiman, B., Kelly, M., Walker, E.
(2006). Phase 2 Study of Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin, Vincristine, Decreased-Frequency Dexamethasone, and Thalidomide in Newly Diagnosed and Relapsed-Refractory Multiple Myeloma. Mayo Clin Proc.
81: 889-895
[Abstract][Full Text]
Hideshima, T., Catley, L., Yasui, H., Ishitsuka, K., Raje, N., Mitsiades, C., Podar, K., Munshi, N. C., Chauhan, D., Richardson, P. G., Anderson, K. C.
(2006). Perifosine, an oral bioactive novel alkylphospholipid, inhibits Akt and induces in vitro and in vivo cytotoxicity in human multiple myeloma cells. Blood
107: 4053-4062
[Abstract][Full Text]
Garban, F., Attal, M., Michallet, M., Hulin, C., Bourhis, J. H., Yakoub-Agha, I., Lamy, T., Marit, G., Maloisel, F., Berthou, C., Dib, M., Caillot, D., dePrijck, B., Ketterer, N., Harousseau, J.-L., Sotto, J.-J., Moreau, P., for the Intergroupe Francophone du Myelome and the,
(2006). Prospective comparison of autologous stem cell transplantation followed by dose-reduced allograft (IFM99-03 trial) with tandem autologous stem cell transplantation (IFM99-04 trial) in high-risk de novo multiple myeloma. Blood
107: 3474-3480
[Abstract][Full Text]
Copelan, E. A.
(2006). Hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation.. NEJM
354: 1813-1826
[Full Text]
Dingli, D., Nowakowski, G. S., Dispenzieri, A., Lacy, M. Q., Hayman, S. R., Rajkumar, S. V., Greipp, P. R., Litzow, M. R., Gastineau, D. A., Witzig, T. E., Gertz, M. A.
(2006). Flow cytometric detection of circulating myeloma cells before transplantation in patients with multiple myeloma: a simple risk stratification system. Blood
107: 3384-3388
[Abstract][Full Text]
Barlogie, B., Tricot, G., Rasmussen, E., Anaissie, E., van Rhee, F., Zangari, M., Fassas, A., Hollmig, K., Pineda-Roman, M., Shaughnessy, J., Epstein, J., Crowley, J.
(2006). Total therapy 2 without thalidomide in comparison with total therapy 1: role of intensified induction and posttransplantation consolidation therapies. Blood
107: 2633-2638
[Abstract][Full Text]
Barlogie, B., Tricot, G., Anaissie, E., Shaughnessy, J., Rasmussen, E., van Rhee, F., Fassas, A., Zangari, M., Hollmig, K., Pineda-Roman, M., Lee, C., Talamo, G., Thertulien, R., Kiwan, E., Krishna, S., Fox, M., Crowley, J.
(2006). Thalidomide and Hematopoietic-Cell Transplantation for Multiple Myeloma. NEJM
354: 1021-1030
[Abstract][Full Text]
Cavo, M., Baccarani, M.
(2006). The Changing Landscape of Myeloma Therapy. NEJM
354: 1076-1078
[Full Text]
Barlogie, B., Kyle, R. A., Anderson, K. C., Greipp, P. R., Lazarus, H. M., Hurd, D. D., McCoy, J., Dakhil, S. R., Lanier, K. S., Chapman, R. A., Cromer, J. N., Salmon, S. E., Durie, B., Crowley, J. C.
(2006). Standard Chemotherapy Compared With High-Dose Chemoradiotherapy for Multiple Myeloma: Final Results of Phase III US Intergroup Trial S9321. JCO
24: 929-936
[Abstract][Full Text]
Cavo, M., Terragna, C., Renzulli, M., Zamagni, E., Tosi, P., Testoni, N., Nicci, C., Cangini, D., Tacchetti, P., Grafone, T., Cellini, C., Ceccolini, M., Perrone, G., Martinelli, G., Baccarani, M., Guardigni, L.
(2006). Poor Outcome With Front-Line Autologous Transplantation in t(4;14) Multiple Myeloma: Low Complete Remission Rate and Short Duration of Remission. JCO
24: e4-e5
[Full Text]
Moreau, P., Hullin, C., Garban, F., Yakoub-Agha, I., Benboubker, L., Attal, M., Marit, G., Fuzibet, J.-G., Doyen, C., Voillat, L., Berthou, C., Ketterer, N., Casassus, P., Monconduit, M., Michallet, M., Najman, A., Sotto, J.-J., Bataille, R., Harousseau, J.-L., for the Intergroupe Francophone du Myelome group,
(2006). Tandem autologous stem cell transplantation in high-risk de novo multiple myeloma: final results of the prospective and randomized IFM 99-04 protocol. Blood
107: 397-403
[Abstract][Full Text]
Jalili, A., Ozaki, S., Hara, T., Shibata, H., Hashimoto, T., Abe, M., Nishioka, Y., Matsumoto, T.
(2005). Induction of HM1.24 peptide-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes by using peripheral-blood stem-cell harvests in patients with multiple myeloma. Blood
106: 3538-3545
[Abstract][Full Text]
Batchu, R. B., Moreno, A. M., Szmania, S. M., Bennett, G., Spagnoli, G. C., Ponnazhagan, S., Barlogie, B., Tricot, G., van Rhee, F.
(2005). Protein Transduction of Dendritic Cells for NY-ESO-1-Based Immunotherapy of Myeloma. Cancer Res.
65: 10041-10049
[Abstract][Full Text]
Rajkumar, S. V., Kyle, R. A.
(2005). Multiple Myeloma: Diagnosis and Treatment. Mayo Clin Proc.
80: 1371-1382
[Abstract]
Saunders, G.
(2005). Overview of drug therapy for multiple myeloma. J Oncol Pharm Pract
11: 83-100
[Abstract]
Yasui, H., Hideshima, T., Hamasaki, M., Roccaro, A. M., Shiraishi, N., Kumar, S., Tassone, P., Ishitsuka, K., Raje, N., Tai, Y.-T., Podar, K., Chauhan, D., Leoni, L. M., Kanekal, S., Elliott, G., Munshi, N. C., Anderson, K. C.
(2005). SDX-101, the R-enantiomer of etodolac, induces cytotoxicity, overcomes drug resistance, and enhances the activity of dexamethasone in multiple myeloma. Blood
106: 706-712
[Abstract][Full Text]
Cavo, M., Zamagni, E., Tosi, P., Tacchetti, P., Cellini, C., Cangini, D., de Vivo, A., Testoni, N., Nicci, C., Terragna, C., Grafone, T., Perrone, G., Ceccolini, M., Tura, S., Baccarani, M., for the writing committee of the Bologna 2002 stud,
(2005). Superiority of thalidomide and dexamethasone over vincristine-doxorubicindexamethasone (VAD) as primary therapy in preparation for autologous transplantation for multiple myeloma. Blood
106: 35-39
[Abstract][Full Text]
Hideshima, T., Bradner, J. E., Wong, J., Chauhan, D., Richardson, P., Schreiber, S. L., Anderson, K. C.
(2005). Small-molecule inhibition of proteasome and aggresome function induces synergistic antitumor activity in multiple myeloma. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
102: 8567-8572
[Abstract][Full Text]
van Rhee, F., Szmania, S. M., Zhan, F., Gupta, S. K., Pomtree, M., Lin, P., Batchu, R. B., Moreno, A., Spagnoli, G., Shaughnessy, J., Tricot, G.
(2005). NY-ESO-1 is highly expressed in poor-prognosis multiple myeloma and induces spontaneous humoral and cellular immune responses. Blood
105: 3939-3944
[Abstract][Full Text]
Reece, D. E.
(2005). An Update of the Management of Multiple Myeloma: The Changing Landscape. ASH Education Book
2005: 353-359
[Abstract][Full Text]
Richardson, P. G., Kassarjian, A., Jing, W.
(2004). Case 38-2004 - A 40-Year-Old Man with a Large Tumor of the Skull. NEJM
351: 2637-2645
[Full Text]
Goodman, H. J. B., Hawkins, P. N., Dispenzieri, A., Gertz, M. A., Kyle, R. A., Mehta, J.
(2004). The role of PBSCT in treatment of AL amyloidosis is far from settled. Blood
104: 2991-2994
[Full Text]
Kyle, R. A., Rajkumar, S. V.
(2004). Multiple Myeloma. NEJM
351: 1860-1873
[Full Text]
Ballen, K. K., Becker, P. S., Yeap, B. Y., Matthews, B., Henry, D. H., Ford, P. A.
(2004). Autologous Stem-Cell Transplantation Can Be Performed Safely Without the Use of Blood-Product Support. JCO
22: 4087-4094
[Abstract][Full Text]
Stein, S. H.
(2004). Update in Oncology. ANN INTERN MED
141: 454-459
[Full Text]
Bross, P. F., Kane, R., Farrell, A. T., Abraham, S., Benson, K., Brower, M. E., Bradley, S., Gobburu, J. V., Goheer, A., Lee, S.-L., Leighton, J., Liang, C. Y., Lostritto, R. T., McGuinn, W. D., Morse, D. E., Rahman, A., Rosario, L. A., Verbois, S. L., Williams, G., Wang, Y.-C., Pazdur, R.
(2004). Approval Summary for Bortezomib for Injection in the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma. Clin. Cancer Res.
10: 3954-3964
[Full Text]
Murashige, N., Kishi, Y., Chng, W. J., Musto, P., Attal, M.
(2004). Tandem Bone Marrow Transplantation in Multiple Myeloma. NEJM
350: 1466-1467
[Full Text]
Harousseau, J.-L., Shaughnessy, J. Jr., Richardson, P.
(2004). Multiple Myeloma. ASH Education Book
2004: 237-256
[Abstract][Full Text]
Stadtmauer, E. A.
(2003). Multiple Myeloma, 2004 -- One or Two Transplants?. NEJM
349: 2551-2553
[Full Text]
A correction has been published: N Engl J Med 2004;350(25):2628.
Previous
