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Previous Volume 328:880-882 March 25, 1993 Number 12 Next

	Since this article has no abstract, we have provided an extract of the first 100 words of the full text and any section headings.

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Kidney stones occur frequently. As many as 10 percent of men and 3 percent of women have a stone during their adult lives¹. About 80 percent of all stones are composed of calcium oxalate, alone or with a nucleus of calcium phosphate (apatite)¹. The first step in the formation of calcium stones is the formation of microscopic crystals in the lumen of renal tubules as a result of supersaturation of the luminal fluid with calcium oxalate or calcium phosphate. Crystal growth, and therefore stone formation, is enhanced by the attachment of crystals to the surface of cells in . . . [Full Text of this Article]

References

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• Curhan, G. C., Willett, W. C., Knight, E. L., Stampfer, M. J. (2004). Dietary Factors and the Risk of Incident Kidney Stones in Younger Women: Nurses' Health Study II. Arch Intern Med 164: 885-891 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Borghi, L., Schianchi, T., Meschi, T., Guerra, A., Allegri, F., Maggiore, U., Novarini, A. (2002). Comparison of Two Diets for the Prevention of Recurrent Stones in Idiopathic Hypercalciuria. NEJM 346: 77-84 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Bushinsky, D. A. (2002). Recurrent Hypercalciuric Nephrolithiasis -- Does Diet Help?. NEJM 346: 124-125 [Full Text]  
• Heller, H. J. (1999). The Role of Calcium in the Prevention of Kidney Stones. J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 18: 373S-378 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Santos-Victoriano, M., Brouhard, B. H., Cunningham, R. J. III (1998). Renal Stone Disease in Children. CLIN PEDIATR 37: 583-599 [Abstract]  
• Rizzato, G. (1998). Clinical impact of bone and calcium metabolism changes in sarcoidosis. Thorax 53: 425-429 [Full Text]  
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