Analysis of 462 Transplantations from Unrelated Donors Facilitated by the National Marrow Donor Program
Nancy A. Kernan, Glenn Bartsch, Robert C. Ash, Patrick G. Beatty, Richard Champlin, Alexandra Filipovich, James Gajewski, John A. Hansen, Jean Henslee-Downey, Jeffrey McCullough, Philip McGlave, Herbert A. Perkins, Gordon L. Phillips, Jean Sanders, David Stroncek, E. Donnall Thomas, and Karl G. Blume
Background and Methods Allogeneic bone marrow transplantationis curative in a substantial number of patients with hematologiccancers, marrow-failure disorders, immunodeficiency syndromes,and certain metabolic diseases. Unfortunately, only 25 to 30percent of potential recipients have HLA-identical siblingswho can act as donors. In 1986 the National Marrow Donor Programwas created in the United States to facilitate the finding andprocurement of suitable marrow from unrelated donors for patientslacking related donors.
Results During the first four years of the program, 462 patientswith acquired and congenital lymphohematopoietic disorders ormetabolic diseases received marrow transplants from unrelateddonors. The probability of engraftment by 100 days after transplantationwas 94 percent, although 8 percent of patients later had secondarygraft failure. The probability of grade II, III, or IV acutegraft-versus-host disease was 64 percent, and the probabilityof chronic graft-versus-host disease at one year was 55 percent.The rate of disease-free survival at two years among patientswith leukemia and good prognostic factors was 40 percent andamong patients at higher risk, 19 percent. Twenty-nine percentof the patients with aplastic anemia were alive at two years,and the rate of two-year disease-free survival among patientswith myelodysplasia was 18 percent. For patients with congenitalimmunologic or nonimmunologic disorders, the probability ofsurvival was 52 percent.
Conclusions The National Marrow Donor Program has benefiteda substantial number of patients in need of marrow transplantsfrom closely HLA-matched unrelated donors and has facilitatedthe recruitment of unrelated donors into the donor pool andthe access to suitable marrow.
Source Information
From the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York (N.A.K.); University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (G.B., A.F., J.M., P.M., D.S.); Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle (J.A.H., J.S., E.D.T.); Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (R.C.A.); University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City (P.G.B.); University of Texas, Houston (R.C.); University of California, Los Angeles (J.G.); University of Kentucky, Lexington (J.H.-D.); Irwin Memorial Blood Center, San Francisco (H.A.P.); Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, B.C., Canada (G.L.P.); and Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, Calif. (K.G.B.). The centers participating in this study from the National Marrow Donor Program are listed in the Appendix.
Address reprint requests to Dr. Kernan at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave., New York, NY 10021.
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