Background Dietary fish oil exerts effects on renal hemodynamicsand the immune response that may benefit renal-transplant recipientstreated with cyclosporine. To evaluate this possibility, westudied the effect of fish oil on renal function, blood pressure,and the incidence of acute rejection episodes in cyclosporine-treatedrecipients of renal transplants.
Methods In a randomized, double-blind trial, 33 recipients offirst cadaveric kidney transplants who were treated with cyclosporineand prednisolone ingested 6 g of fish oil daily during the firstpostoperative year (the fish-oil group), whereas another 33renal-graft recipients treated with cyclosporine and prednisoloneingested 6 g of coconut oil daily for three months, after whichtime it was stopped (the control group).
Results One year after transplantation, the fish-oil group hadhigher median values than the controls for glomerular filtrationrate (53 vs. 40 ml per minute per 1.73 m2, P = 0.038) and effectiverenal plasma flow (214 vs. 178 ml per minute per 1.73 m2, P= 0.023) and lower mean arterial pressure (103 vs. 118 mm Hg,P = 0.0011). The cyclosporine doses in the two groups were similar.The cumulative number of rejection episodes was 20 in the controls,as compared with 8 in the fish-oil group (P = 0.029). One-yeargraft survival also tended to be better in the fish-oil group(97 vs. 84 percent, P = 0.097).
Conclusions The daily administration of 6 g of fish oil duringthe first postoperative year has a beneficial effect on renalhemodynamics and blood pressure in renal-transplant recipientstreated with cyclosporine. Although the fish-oil group had significantlyfewer rejection episodes than the control group, graft survivalat one year was not significantly better in the fish-oil group.
Source Information
From the Renal Transplant Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Groningen (J.J.H.H., A.M.T.); the Department of Internal Medicine, de Weezenlanden Hospital, Zwolle (H.J.G.B.); the Department of Internal Medicine, Free University Hospital, Amsterdam (J.M.D.); and the Renal Transplant Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (J.M.W.) -- all in the Netherlands. Presented in part at the 6th International Congress on Nutrition and Metabolism in Renal Disease, Harrogate, United Kingdom, August 26-30, 1991, and at the 24th annual meeting of the American Society of Nephrology, Baltimore, November 17-20, 1991.
Address reprint requests to Dr. Homan van der Heide at the Renal Transplant Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Groningen, Oostersingel 59, 9713 EZ Groningen, the Netherlands.
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