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Volume 329:1829-1834 December 16, 1993 Number 25 Next

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ABSTRACT

Background Previous studies have suggested that moderate alcohol intake exerts a protective effect against coronary heart disease. Alterations in plasma lipoprotein levels represent one plausible mechanism of this apparent protective effect.

Methods We therefore examined the interrelation among alcohol consumption, plasma lipoprotein levels, and the risk of myocardial infarction in 340 patients who had had myocardial infarctions and an equal number of age- and sex-matched controls. The case patients were men or women less than 76 years of age with no history of coronary disease who were discharged from one of six hospitals in the Boston area with a diagnosis of a confirmed myocardial infarction. Alcohol consumption was estimated by means of a food-frequency questionnaire.

Results We observed a significant inverse association between alcohol consumption and the risk of myocardial infarction (P for trend, <0.001 after control for known coronary risk factors). In multivariate analyses, the relative risk for the highest intake category (subjects who consumed three or more drinks per day) as compared with the lowest (those who had less than one drink a month) was 0.45 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.26 to 0.80). The levels of total high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) and its HDL₂ and HDL₃ subfractions were strongly associated with alcohol consumption (P for trend, <0.001 for each). The addition of HDL or either of its subfractions to the multivariate model substantially reduced the inverse association between alcohol intake and myocardial infarction, whereas the addition of the other plasma lipid measurements did not materially alter the relation.

Conclusions These data confirm the inverse association of moderate alcohol intake with the risk of myocardial infarction and support the view that the effect is mediated, in large part, by increases in both HDL₂ and HDL₃.

Source Information

From the Division of Preventive Medicine (J.M.G., J.E.B., M.V., C.H.H.), the Channing Laboratory (S.Z.G., B.R., W.W.), and the Cardiovascular Division (J.M.G., S.Z.G.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; the Department of Ambulatory Care and Prevention, Harvard Medical School, Boston (J.E.B., C.H.H.); the Departments of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston (W.W.); the Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, West Roxbury, Mass. (J.M.G.); and the Laboratory of Biochemical Genetics and Metabolism, Rockefeller University, New York (J.L.B.).

Address reprint requests to Dr. Gaziano at Brigham and Women's Hospital, 900 Commonwealth Ave. East, Boston, MA 02215-1204.

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Alcohol Intake and Risk of Myocardial Infarction
Maclure M., Clarfield A. M., Gaziano J. M., Buring J. E., Hennekens C. H.
Extract | Full Text  
N Engl J Med 1994; 330:1241-1242, Apr 28, 1994. Correspondence

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