FREE NEJM E-TOC    HOME   |   SUBSCRIBE   |   CURRENT ISSUE   |   PAST ISSUES   |   COLLECTIONS   |   Search Term  Advanced Search

Sign in | Get NEJM's E-Mail Table of Contents — Free | Subscribe

Previous Volume 330:907-912 March 31, 1994 Number 13 Next

	Since this article has no abstract, we have provided an extract of the first 100 words of the full text and any section headings.

	Full Text Letters Add to Personal Archive Add to Citation Manager Notify a Friend E-mail When Cited Related Article by MacKenzie, T. D. PubMed Citation

It has been 30 years since the surgeon general of the United States released the first report of the Advisory Committee on Smoking and Health. In each of the subsequent reports, cigarette smoking has been identified as the most important source of preventable morbidity and premature mortality in the United States. A total of 418,690 deaths in the United States were attributed to smoking in 1990¹. That figure included approximately twice as many male as female smokers. Of the 2,148,000 U.S. residents who died in 1990, approximately half died of particular preventable causes² (Table 1). The prominence . . . [Full Text of this Article]

The Human Costs of Tobacco Use

Cardiovascular Disease

Cancer

Lung Disease

Children and Adolescents

Women

Minorities

The Elderly

Source Information

From the Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine (C.E.B., T.D.M., R.W.S.), and Denver Health and Hospitals (T.D.M.), both in Denver.

Address reprint requests to Dr. Schrier at C281, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 4200 E. 9th Ave., Denver, CO 80262.

References

Related Letters:

The Human Costs of Tobacco Use
Garcia-Rio F., Pino J. M., Villasante C., Katscher F., Bartecchi C. E., MacKenzie T. D., Schrier R. W.
Extract | Full Text  
N Engl J Med 1994; 331:618, Sep 1, 1994. Correspondence

This article has been cited by other articles:

• Ozan, E, Sonmez, M., Ozan, S, Colakoglu, N, Yilmaz, S, Kuloglu, T (2007). Effects of melatonin and vitamin C on cigarette smoke-induced damage in the kidney. Toxicol Ind Health 23: 479-485 [Abstract]  
• Chiang, C.-J., Yip, P.-K., Wu, S.-C., Lu, C.-S., Liou, C.-W., Liu, H.-C., Liu, C.-K., Chu, C.-H., Hwang, C.-S., Sung, S.-F., Hsu, Y.-D., Chen, C.-C., Liu, S.-I., Yan, S.-H., Fong, C.-S., Chang, S.-F., You, S.-L., Chen, C.-J. (2007). Midlife Risk Factors for Subtypes of Dementia: A Nested Case-Control Study in Taiwan. AJGP 15: 762-771 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Nguyen, P. T. H., Galanti, L., Pirson, Y., Jadoul, M. (2007). Identification of current smokers among renal transplant recipients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 22: 1974-1978 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Bartecchi, C., Alsever, R. N., Nevin-Woods, C., Thomas, W. M., Estacio, R. O., Bartelson, B. B., Krantz, M. J. (2006). Reduction in the Incidence of Acute Myocardial Infarction Associated With a Citywide Smoking Ordinance. Circulation 114: 1490-1496 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Caminati, A., Harari, S. (2006). Smoking-related Interstitial Pneumonias and Pulmonary Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis.. Proc Am Thorac Soc 3: 299-306 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Prepared by: British Cardiac Society, British Hype, (2005). JBS 2: Joint British Societies' guidelines on prevention of cardiovascular disease in clinical practice. Heart 91: v1-v52 [Full Text]  
• Ovbiagele, B., Saver, J. L. (2005). The smoking-thrombolysis paradox and acute ischemic stroke. Neurology 65: 293-295 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Dell, J. L., Whitman, S., Shah, A. M., Silva, A., Ansell, D. (2005). Smoking in 6 Diverse Chicago Communities--A Population Study. Am. J. Public Health 95: 1036-1042 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Sindelar, J L, Duchovny, N, Falba, T A, Busch, S H (2005). If smoking increases absences, does quitting reduce them?. Tobacco Control 14: 99-105 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Gomersall, L N, Olson, S (2004). Imaging in lung cancer. Imaging 16: 1-9 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ott, A., Andersen, K., Dewey, M. E., Letenneur, L., Brayne, C., Copeland, J. R.M., Dartigues, J.-F., Kragh-Sorensen, P., Lobo, A., Martinez-Lage, J. M., Stijnen, T., Hofman, A., Launer, L. J. (2004). Effect of smoking on global cognitive function in nondemented elderly. Neurology 62: 920-924 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Manson, J. E., Skerrett, P. J., Greenland, P., VanItallie, T. B. (2004). The Escalating Pandemics of Obesity and Sedentary Lifestyle: A Call to Action for Clinicians. Arch Intern Med 164: 249-258 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Selman, M. (2003). The Spectrum of Smoking-Related Interstitial Lung Disorders: The Never-Ending Story of Smoke and Disease. Chest 124: 1185-1187 [Full Text]  
• Misra, A., Chattopadhyay, R., Banerjee, S., Chattopadhyay, D. J., Chatterjee, I. B. (2003). Black Tea Prevents Cigarette Smoke-Induced Oxidative Damage of Proteins in Guinea Pigs. J. Nutr. 133: 2622-2628 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Wills, S., Ronkainen, A., van der Voet, M., Kuivaniemi, H., Helin, K., Leinonen, E., Frosen, J., Niemela, M., Jaaskelainen, J., Hernesniemi, J., Tromp, G. (2003). Familial Intracranial Aneurysms: An Analysis of 346 Multiplex Finnish Families. Stroke 34: 1370-1374 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Emmons, K. M., Butterfield, R. M., Puleo, E., Park, E. R., Mertens, A., Gritz, E. R., Lahti, M., Li, F. P. (2003). Smoking Among Participants in the Childhood Cancer Survivors Cohort: The Partnership for Health Study. JCO 21: 189-196 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• O'Callaghan, P., Meleady, R., Fitzgerald, T., Graham, I., European COMAC group, (2002). Smoking and plasma homocysteine. Eur Heart J 23: 1580-1586 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Conklin, B. S., Zhao, W., Zhong, D.-S., Chen, C. (2002). Nicotine and Cotinine Up-Regulate Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression in Endothelial Cells. Am. J. Pathol. 160: 413-418 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• McLeod, A A (2001). Later management of documented ischaemic heart disease: secondary prevention and rehabilitation. Br Med Bull 59: 113-133 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• YATES, D. H., BREEN, H., THOMAS, P. S. (2001). Passive Smoke Inhalation Decreases Exhaled Nitric Oxide in Normal Subjects. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 164: 1043-1046 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Andrikopoulos, G.K, Richter, D.J, Dilaveris, P.E, Pipilis, A, Zaharoulis, A, Gialafos, J.E, Toutouzas, P.K, Chimonas, E.T (2001). In-hospital mortality of habitual cigarette smokers after acute myocardial infarction. The 'smoker's paradox' in a countrywide study. Eur Heart J 22: 776-784 [Abstract]  
• Ryu, J.H., Colby, T.V., Hartman, T.E., Vassallo, R. (2001). Smoking-related interstitial lung diseases: a concise review. Eur Respir J 17: 122-132 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Tappin, D. M., Lumsden, M. A., McIntyre, D., Mckay, C., Gilmour, W. H., Webber, R., Cowan, S., Crawford, F., Currie, F. (2000). A pilot study to establish a randomized trial methodology to test the efficacy of a behavioural intervention. Health Educ Res 15: 491-502 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• KASISKE, B. L., KLINGER, D. (2000). Cigarette Smoking in Renal Transplant Recipients. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 11: 753-759 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• De Backer, G., Boudrez, H. (2000). Why are smoking cessation strategies not implemented more effectively in clinical practice?. Eur Heart J 21: 434-435  
• Cohn, R. C., Dodson, D., French, A., Ervin, B., Ciarlariello, S., Wilson, T. N. (2000). Pilot Smoking Cessation on Program Run by Pediatric Respiratory Care Practitioners for Parents. CLIN PEDIATR 39: 121-124  
• Giarelli, E. (1999). Prevention of Smoking Among Adolescent Girls: Health Promotion Strategies for Nurses. The Journal of School Nursing 15: 23-28 [Abstract]  
• Li, F. P. (1999). Cancer Control in Susceptible Groups: Opportunities and Challenges. JCO 17: 719-719 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Butler, C. C, Pill, R., Stott, N. C H (1998). Qualitative study of patients' perceptions of doctors' advice to quit smoking: implications for opportunistic health promotion. BMJ 316: 1878-1881 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Redelmeier, D. A., Tan, S. H., Booth, G. L. (1998). The Treatment of Unrelated Disorders in Patients with Chronic Medical Diseases. NEJM 338: 1516-1520 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Cerami, C., Founds, H., Nicholl, I., Mitsuhashi, T., Giordano, D., Vanpatten, S., Lee, A., Al-Abed, Y., Vlassara, H., Bucala, R., Cerami, A. (1997). Tobacco smoke is a source of toxic reactive glycation products. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94: 13915-13920 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Bernert, J. T. Jr., Turner, W. E., Pirkle, J. L., Sosnoff, C. S., Akins, J. R., Waldrep, M. K., Ann, Q., Covey, T. R., Whitfield, W. E., Gunter, E. W., Miller, B. B., Patterson, D. G. Jr., Needham, L. L., Hannon, W. H., Sampson, E. J. (1997). Development and validation of sensitive method for determination of serum cotinine in smokers and nonsmokers by liquid chromatography/atmospheric pressure ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Clin. Chem. 43: 2281-2291 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Place, R., Cheng, T. L. (1997). Tobacco. Pediatr. Rev. 18: 441-441 [Full Text]  
• MANNINO, D. M., BROWN, C., GIOVINO, G. A. (1997). Obstructive Lung Disease Deaths in the United States from 1979 through 1993 . An Analysis Using Multiple-Cause Mortality Data. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 156: 814-818 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Waters, D., Lesperance, J., Gladstone, P., Boccuzzi, S. J., Cook, T., Hudgin, R., Krip, G., Higginson, L. (1996). Effects of Cigarette Smoking on the Angiographic Evolution of Coronary Atherosclerosis: A Canadian Coronary Atherosclerosis Intervention Trial (CCAIT) Substudy. Circulation 94: 614-621 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Smith, S. C. Jr (1996). Risk-Reduction Therapy: The Challenge to Change : Presented at the 68th Scientific Sessions of the American Heart Association November 13, 1995 Anaheim, California. Circulation 93: 2205-2211 [Full Text]  
• Roberts, J., Smith, R. (1996). Publishing research supported by the tobacco industry. BMJ 312: 133-134 [Full Text]  
• Jeremy, J.Y., Mikhailidis, D.P., Pittilo, R.M. (1995). Cigarette smoking and cardiovascular disease. The Journal of the Royal Society for the Promotion of Health 115: 289-295  
• Di Benedetto, G. (1995). Passive Smoking in Childhood. The Journal of the Royal Society for the Promotion of Health 115: 13-16 [Abstract]  
• Garcia-Rio, F., Pino, J. M., Villasante, C., Katscher, F., Bartecchi, C. E., MacKenzie, T. D., Schrier, R. W. (1994). The Human Costs of Tobacco Use. NEJM 331: 618-618 [Full Text]