The vessel wall is an active, integrated organ composed of endothelial,smooth-muscle, and fibroblast cells coupled to each other ina complex autocrine-paracrine set of interactions. The vasculatureis capable of sensing changes within its milieu, integratingthese signals by intercellular communication, and changing itselfthrough the local production of mediators that influence structureas well as function. Vascular remodeling is an active processof structural alteration that involves changes in at least fourcellular processes -- cell growth, cell death, cell migration,and production or degradation of extracellular matrix -- andis dependent on a dynamic interaction between locally . . . [Full Text of this Article]
Endothelium as a Sensor and Transducer of Signals
Hemodynamic Stimuli
Endothelium-Specific Receptor-Coupled Events
Endothelium and Mediator-Effector Molecules Involved with Remodeling
Role of Matrix Modulators in Vascular Remodeling
The Clinical Implications of Vascular Remodeling
Vein Bypass Grafts
Ductus Arteriosus
Pulmonary Hypertension
Systemic Hypertension
Atherosclerosis
Restenosis after Angioplasty
Conclusions
Source Information
From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Falk Cardiovascular Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Dr., Stanford, CA 94305-5246, where reprint requests should be addressed to Dr. Dzau.
References
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Kaikita, K., Fogo, A. B., Ma, L., Schoenhard, J. A., Brown, N. J., Vaughan, D. E.
(2001). Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Deficiency Prevents Hypertension and Vascular Fibrosis in Response to Long-term Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition. Circulation
104: 839-844
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Tsutsui, H., Ziada, K. M., Schoenhagen, P., Iyisoy, A., Magyar, W. A., Crowe, T. D., Klingensmith, J. D., Vince, D. G., Rincon, G., Hobbs, R. E., Yamagishi, M., Nissen, S. E., Tuzcu, E. M.
(2001). Lumen Loss in Transplant Coronary Artery Disease Is a Biphasic Process Involving Early Intimal Thickening and Late Constrictive Remodeling: Results From a 5-Year Serial Intravascular Ultrasound Study. Circulation
104: 653-657
[Abstract][Full Text]
Schoenhagen, P., Ziada, K. M., Vince, D. G., Nissen, S. E., Tuzcu, E. M.
(2001). Arterial remodeling and coronary artery disease: the concept of "dilated" versus "obstructive" coronary atherosclerosis. J Am Coll Cardiol
38: 297-306
[Abstract][Full Text]
Sharma, S. K., Del Rizzo, D. F., Zahradka, P., Bhangu, S. K., Werner, J. P., Kumamoto, H., Takeda, N., Dhalla, N. S.
(2001). Sarpogrelate inhibits serotonin-induced proliferation of porcine coronary artery smooth muscle cells: implications for long-term graft patency. Ann. Thorac. Surg.
71: 1856-1864
[Abstract][Full Text]
Garcia-Cardena, G., Comander, J., Anderson, K. R., Blackman, B. R., Gimbrone, M. A. Jr.
(2001). Inaugural Article: Biomechanical activation of vascular endothelium as a determinant of its functional phenotype. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
98: 4478-4485
[Abstract][Full Text]
Kawashima, S., Yamashita, T., Ozaki, M., Ohashi, Y., Azumi, H., Inoue, N., Hirata, K.-i., Hayashi, Y., Itoh, H., Yokoyama, M.
(2001). Endothelial NO Synthase Overexpression Inhibits Lesion Formation in Mouse Model of Vascular Remodeling. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Bio.
21: 201-207
[Abstract][Full Text]
Solomon, C. G., Seely, E. W.
(2001). Brief Review: Hypertension in Pregnancy : A Manifestation of the Insulin Resistance Syndrome?. Hypertension
37: 232-239
[Abstract][Full Text]
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