Major advances in the management of congestive heart failure1and acute myocardial infarction2 have ushered in a new era ofoptimism about the prognosis of patients with these disorders.Cardiac failure with cardiogenic shock continues to be a frustratingclinical problem, however, because of persistent mortality ratesof 30 to 90 percent and substantial morbidity among hospitalizedpatients3,4. The management of this condition requires a rapid,well-organized approach. Avoiding futile intervention that isunlikely to prolong life or give patients a reasonable chanceof functional recovery is also increasingly important in thisera of limited resources and public awareness . . . [Full Text of this Article]
Definition
Pathophysiology
Clinical Epidemiology
Clinical Assessment
General Management
Intraaortic Balloon Pumping
Thrombolytic Therapy
Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty
Coronary-Artery Bypass Surgery and New Techniques
Overall Aggressiveness of Care and Regionalization
Conclusions
Source Information
From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, N.C. (R.M.C.); and the Michigan Heart and Vascular Institute, Ann Arbor (J.R.B.).
Address reprint requests to Dr. Califf at Box 31123, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710.
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