Background We describe a child who was identified shortly afterbirth as infected with the human immunodeficiency virus type1 (HIV-1), but whose infection appears to have completely cleared.Asymptomatic HIV-1 infection was diagnosed in the mother duringthe fourth month of pregnancy. The infant was delivered vaginallyat 36 weeks, received no blood products, and was not breast-fed.
Methods and Results HIV-1 was detected by culture of the infant'speripheral-blood mononuclear cells at 19 and 51 days of age.Plasma from the infant was also culture-positive for HIV-1 at51 days of age by DNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Nucleotide-sequenceanalysis of HIV-1 DNA showed extremely close homology of thecultures obtained 32 days apart, and forensic markers of geneticidentity for the two cultures were identical. Hence, inadvertentviral contamination or error in the collection of specimenswas highly unlikely. At 12 months of age the infant was seronegativefor HIV-1, and numerous subsequent cultures and tests by PCRhave also been negative for HIV-1. The child is five years ofage at this writing, is HIV-seronegative, and remains well,with normal growth and development and no laboratory or clinicalevidence of HIV-1 infection.
Conclusions The infant we describe was infected perinatallywith HIV-1, but the infection subsequently cleared and the infantremained without detectable HIV-1 infection five years later.
Source Information
From the Departments of Pediatrics (Y.J.B., L.S.W., R.D.), Urology (S.P.), and Microbiology and Immunology and Medicine (A.D., I.S.Y.C.), UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles.
Address reprint requests to Dr. Bryson at the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90024-1752.
Clearance of HIV in an Infant
Krivine A., Lebon P., Gompels M., Spickett G., Curtis A., Bryson Y. J., Chen I. S.Y.
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N Engl J Med 1995;
333:319-320, Aug 3, 1995.
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A correction has been published: N Engl J Med 1995;333(5):319.
