FREE NEJM E-TOC    HOME   |   SUBSCRIBE   |   CURRENT ISSUE   |   PAST ISSUES   |   COLLECTIONS   |   Search Term  Advanced Search

Sign in | Get NEJM's E-Mail Table of Contents — Free | Subscribe

Previous Volume 332:912-917 April 6, 1995 Number 14 Next

	Full Text PDF Letters Add to Personal Archive Add to Citation Manager Notify a Friend E-mail When Cited PubMed Citation

ABSTRACT

Background A specific point mutation in the gene coding for coagulation factor V is associated with resistance to degradation by activated protein C, a recently described abnormality of coagulation that may be associated with an increased risk of venous thrombosis. Whether this mutation also predisposes patients to arterial thrombosis is unknown, as is the value of screening for the mutation in order to define the risk of venous thrombosis among unselected healthy people.

Methods Among 14,916 apparently healthy men in the physicians' Health Study who provided base-line blood samples, 374 had myocardial infarctions, 209 had strokes, and 121 had deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, or both, during a mean follow-up of 8.6 years. We determined whether a mutation at nucleotide position 1691 of the factor V gene was present or absent in these 704 men and in an equal number of matched participants who remained free of vascular disease.

Results The prevalence of heterozygosity for the mutation among men who had myocardial infarctions (6.1 percent, P = 0.9) or strokes (4.3 percent, P = 0.4) was similar to that among men who remained free of vascular disease (6.0 percent). However, the prevalence of the mutation was significantly higher among men who had venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, or both (11.6 percent, P = 0.02). In adjusted analyses, the relative risk of venous thrombosis among men with the mutation was 2.7 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.3 to 5.6; P = 0.008). This increased risk was seen with primary venous thrombosis (relative risk, 3.5; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.5 to 8.4; P = 0.004) but not with secondary venous thrombosis (relative risk, 1.7; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.6 to 5.3; P = 0.3), and it was most apparent among older men. Specifically, the prevalence of the mutation among men over the age of 60 in whom primary venous thrombosis developed was 25.8 percent (relative risk, 7.0; 95 percent confidence interval, 2.6 to 19.1; P < 0.001).

Conclusions In a large cohort of apparently healthy men, the presence of a specific point mutation in the factor V gene was associated with an increased risk of venous thrombosis, particularly primary venous thrombosis. The presence of the mutation was not associated with an increased risk of myocardial infarction or stroke. This mutation appears to be the most common inherited factor thus far recognized that predisposes patients to venous thrombosis.

Source Information

From the Divisions of Preventive Medicine (P.M.R., C.H.H.) and Cardiovascular Disease (P.M.R., K.L.) and the Channing Laboratory (M.J.S.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School; the Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital (K.L.); the Department of Ambulatory Care and Prevention, Harvard Medical School (C.H.H.); the Departments of Nutrition (M.J.S.) and Epidemiology (M.J.S., C.H.H.), Harvard School of Public Health — all in Boston; and the Cardiovascular (P.R.E.) and Laboratory Medicine (J.P.M.) Divisions, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis.

Address reprint requests to Dr. Ridker at 900 Commonwealth Ave. E., Boston, MA 02215-1204.

Full Text of this Article

Related Letters:

Mutation in the Factor V Gene and the Risk of Myocardial Infarction
Emmerich J., Aiach M., Heinrich J., Budde T., Assmann G.
Extract | Full Text  
N Engl J Med 1995; 333:880-881, Sep 28, 1995. Correspondence

This article has been cited by other articles:

• Dahlback, B. (2008). Advances in understanding pathogenic mechanisms of thrombophilic disorders. Blood 112: 19-27 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Suntharalingam, J., Goldsmith, K., van Marion, V., Long, L., Treacy, C. M., Dudbridge, F., Toshner, M. R., Pepke-Zaba, J., Eikenboom, J. C. J., Morrell, N. W. (2008). Fibrinogen A{alpha} Thr312Ala polymorphism is associated with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Eur Respir J 31: 736-741 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• KAMINSKI, M. A., TAN, C. D., ASKARI, A. T. (2008). A young man with acute weakness of his right arm. Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine 75: 145-152 [Full Text]  
• Madani, M. M., Jamieson, S. W. (2008). Pulmonary Embolism and Pulmonary Thromboendarterectomy. Card Surg Adult 3: 1309-1332 [Full Text]  
• Vandenbroucke, J. P., Elm, E. v., Altman, D. G., Gotzsche, P. C., Mulrow, C. D., Pocock, S. J., Poole, C., Schlesselman, J. J., Egger, M., for the STROBE initiative, (2007). Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE): Explanation and Elaboration. ANN INTERN MED 147: W-163-W-194 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Egger, M., Altman, D. G, Vandenbroucke, J. P, of the STROBE group, (2007). Commentary: Strengthening the reporting of observational epidemiology the STROBE statement. Int J Epidemiol 0: dym199v1-dym199 [Full Text]  
• Goldstein, L. B., Adams, R., Alberts, M. J., Appel, L. J., Brass, L. M., Bushnell, C. D., Culebras, A., DeGraba, T. J., Gorelick, P. B., Guyton, J. R., Hart, R. G., Howard, G., Kelly-Hayes, M., Nixon, J.V., Sacco, R. L. (2006). Primary Prevention of Ischemic Stroke: A Guideline From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association Stroke Council: Cosponsored by the Atherosclerotic Peripheral Vascular Disease Interdisciplinary Working Group; Cardiovascular Nursing Council; Clinical Cardiology Council; Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism Council; and the Quality of Care and Outcomes Research Interdisciplinary Working Group: The American Academy of Neurology affirms the value of this guideline.. Circulation 113: e873-e923 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Goldstein, L. B., Adams, R., Alberts, M. J., Appel, L. J., Brass, L. M., Bushnell, C. D., Culebras, A., DeGraba, T. J., Gorelick, P. B., Guyton, J. R., Hart, R. G., Howard, G., Kelly-Hayes, M., Nixon, J.V., Sacco, R. L. (2006). Primary Prevention of Ischemic Stroke: A Guideline From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association Stroke Council: Cosponsored by the Atherosclerotic Peripheral Vascular Disease Interdisciplinary Working Group; Cardiovascular Nursing Council; Clinical Cardiology Council; Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism Council; and the Quality of Care and Outcomes Research Interdisciplinary Working Group: The American Academy of Neurology affirms the value of this guideline.. Stroke 37: 1583-1633 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Zee, R. Y.L., Cook, N. R., Cheng, S., Erlich, H. A., Lindpaintner, K., Ridker, P. M (2006). Polymorphism in the {beta}2-Adrenergic Receptor and Lipoprotein Lipase Genes as Risk Determinants for Idiopathic Venous Thromboembolism: A Multilocus, Population-Based, Prospective Genetic Analysis. Circulation 113: 2193-2200 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Sacco, R. L., Adams, R., Albers, G., Alberts, M. J., Benavente, O., Furie, K., Goldstein, L. B., Gorelick, P., Halperin, J., Harbaugh, R., Johnston, S. C., Katzan, I., Kelly-Hayes, M., Kenton, E. J., Marks, M., Schwamm, L. H., Tomsick, T. (2006). Guidelines for Prevention of Stroke in Patients With Ischemic Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack: A Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association Council on Stroke: Co-Sponsored by the Council on Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention: The American Academy of Neurology affirms the value of this guideline.. Circulation 113: e409-e449 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kalkanli, S., Ayyildiz, O., Tiftik, N., Batun, S., Isikdogan, A., Ince, H., Tekes, S., Muftuoglu, E. (2006). Factor V Leiden Mutation in Venous Thrombosis in Southeast Turkey. ANGIOLOGY 57: 193-196 [Abstract]  
• Sacco, R. L., Adams, R., Albers, G., Alberts, M. J., Benavente, O., Furie, K., Goldstein, L. B., Gorelick, P., Halperin, J., Harbaugh, R., Johnston, S. C., Katzan, I., Kelly-Hayes, M., Kenton, E. J., Marks, M., Schwamm, L. H., Tomsick, T. (2006). Guidelines for Prevention of Stroke in Patients With Ischemic Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack: A Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association Council on Stroke: Co-Sponsored by the Council on Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention: The American Academy of Neurology affirms the value of this guideline.. Stroke 37: 577-617 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Feinbloom, D., Bauer, K. A. (2005). Assessment of Hemostatic Risk Factors in Predicting Arterial Thrombotic Events. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Bio. 25: 2043-2053 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Buyru, N., Altinisik, J., Somay, G., Ulutin, T. (2005). Factor V Leiden Mutation in Cerebrovascular Disease. CLIN APPL THROMB HEMOST 11: 339-342 [Abstract]  
• Hersh, C. P., DeMeo, D. L., Lange, C., Litonjua, A. A., Reilly, J. J., Kwiatkowski, D., Laird, N., Sylvia, J. S., Sparrow, D., Speizer, F. E., Weiss, S. T., Silverman, E. K. (2005). Attempted Replication of Reported Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Candidate Gene Associations. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Bio. 33: 71-78 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Andreotti, F., Becker, R. C. (2005). Atherothrombotic Disorders: New Insights From Hematology. Circulation 111: 1855-1863 [Full Text]  
• Eitzman, D. T., Westrick, R. J., Shen, Y., Bodary, P. F., Gu, S., Manning, S. L., Dobies, S. L., Ginsburg, D. (2005). Homozygosity for Factor V Leiden Leads to Enhanced Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis in Mice. Circulation 111: 1822-1825 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Duran, R., Biner, B., Demir, M., Celtik, C., Karasalihoglu, S. (2005). Factor V Leiden Mutation and Other Thrombophilia Markers in Childhood Ischemic Stroke. CLIN APPL THROMB HEMOST 11: 83-88 [Abstract]  
• Ginsburg, D. (2005). Genetic Risk Factors for Arterial Thrombosis and Inflammation. ASH Education Book 2005: 442-444 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Donahue, B. S. (2004). The Response to Activated Protein C After Cardiopulmonary Bypass: Impact of Factor V Leiden. Anesth. Analg. 99: 1598-1603 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Casas, J. P., Hingorani, A. D., Bautista, L. E., Sharma, P. (2004). Meta-analysis of Genetic Studies in Ischemic Stroke: Thirty-two Genes Involving Approximately 18 000 Cases and 58 000 Controls. Arch Neurol 61: 1652-1661 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Gwinn-Hardy, K., Dawson, V. (2004). Genomics-Proteomics and Stroke: Introduction. Stroke 35: 2731-2734 [Full Text]  
• Pullmann, R. Jr, Skerenova, M., Lukac, J., Hybenova, J., Melus, V., Kubisz, P., Rovensky, J., Pullmann, R. (2004). Factor V Leiden and Prothrombin G20210A Mutations and the Risk of Atherothrombotic Events in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. CLIN APPL THROMB HEMOST 10: 233-238 [Abstract]  
• Humphries, S. E., Ridker, P. M., Talmud, P. J. (2004). Genetic Testing for Cardiovascular Disease Susceptibility: A Useful Clinical Management Tool or Possible Misinformation?. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Bio. 24: 628-636 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Soucie, J. M., Cianfrini, C., Janco, R. L., Kulkarni, R., Hambleton, J., Evatt, B., Forsyth, A., Geraghty, S., Hoots, K., Abshire, T., Curtis, R., Forsberg, A., Huszti, H., Wagner, M., White, G. C. II (2004). Joint range-of-motion limitations among young males with hemophilia: prevalence and risk factors. Blood 103: 2467-2473 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Juul, K., Tybjaerg-Hansen, A., Schnohr, P., Nordestgaard, B. G. (2004). Factor V Leiden and the Risk for Venous Thromboembolism in the Adult Danish Population. ANN INTERN MED 140: 330-337 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• van der Neut Kolfschoten, M., Dirven, R. J., Vos, H. L., Tans, G., Rosing, J., Bertina, R. M. (2004). Factor Va Is Inactivated by Activated Protein C in the Absence of Cleavage Sites at Arg-306, Arg-506, and Arg-679. J. Biol. Chem. 279: 6567-6575 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Zee, R. Y.L., Cook, N. R., Cheng, S., Reynolds, R., Erlich, H. A., Lindpaintner, K., Ridker, P. M. (2004). Polymorphism in the P-selectin and interleukin-4 genes as determinants of stroke: a population-based, prospective genetic analysis. Hum Mol Genet 13: 389-396 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• McBane, R. D. II (2003). Genetically Determined Procoagulant States and Heparin Use. SEMIN CARDIOTHORAC VASC ANESTH 7: 427-442 [Abstract]  
• Colussi, G., Hall, S. W., Nabel, E. G. (2003). Cardiovascular Genomics. NEJM 349: 1387-1388 [Full Text]  
• Nabel, E. G. (2003). Cardiovascular Disease. NEJM 349: 60-72 [Full Text]  
• Butt, C., Zheng, H., Randell, E., Robb, D., Parfrey, P., Xie, Y.-G. (2003). Combined carrier status of prothrombin 20210A and factor XIII-A Leu34 alleles as a strong risk factor for myocardial infarction: evidence of a gene-gene interaction. Blood 101: 3037-3041 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ridker, P. M, Goldhaber, S. Z., Danielson, E., Rosenberg, Y., Eby, C. S., Deitcher, S. R., Cushman, M., Moll, S., Kessler, C. M., Elliott, C. G., Paulson, R., Wong, T., Bauer, K. A., Schwartz, B. A., Miletich, J. P., Bounameaux, H., Glynn, R. J., the PREVENT Investigators, (2003). Long-Term, Low-Intensity Warfarin Therapy for the Prevention of Recurrent Venous Thromboembolism. NEJM 348: 1425-1434 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Donahue, B. S., Gailani, D., Higgins, M. S., Drinkwater, D. C., George, A. L. Jr (2003). Factor V Leiden Protects Against Blood Loss and Transfusion After Cardiac Surgery. Circulation 107: 1003-1008 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Deitcher, S. R, Gomes, M. P. (2003). Hypercoagulable state testing and malignancy screening following venous thromboembolic events. Vasc Med 8: 33-46 [Abstract]  
• Crowther, M. A., Kelton, J. G. (2003). Congenital Thrombophilic States Associated with Venous Thrombosis: A Qualitative Overview and Proposed Classification System. ANN INTERN MED 138: 128-134 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Dorweiler, B., Neufang, A., Kasper-Koenig, W., Schinzel, H., Schmiedt, W., Oelert, H. (2003). Arterial Embolism to the Upper Extremity in a Patient with Factor V Leiden Mutation (APC Resistance): A Case Report and Review of the Literature. ANGIOLOGY 54: 125-130 [Abstract]  
• Madani, M. M., Jamieson, S. W. (2003). Pulmonary Thromboendarterectomy. Card Surg Adult 2: 1205-1228 [Full Text]  
• Ravin, A. J., Edwards, R. P., Krohn, M. A., Kelley, J. R., Christopherson, W. A., Roberts, J. M. (2002). The Factor V Leiden Mutation and the Risk of Venous Thromboembolism in Gynecologic Oncology Patients. Obstet Gynecol 100: 1285-1289 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Austin, H., Chimowitz, M. I., Hill, H. A., Chaturvedi, S., Wechsler, L. R., Wityk, R. J., Walz, E., Wilterdink, J. L., Coull, B., Sila, C. A., Mitsias, P., Evatt, B., Hooper, W. C., Hegele, R. A. (2002). Cryptogenic Stroke in Relation to Genetic Variation in Clotting Factors and Other Genetic Polymorphisms Among Young Men and Women * Editorial Comment. Stroke 33: 2762-2768 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ruberg, F. L, Loscalzo, J. (2002). Prothrombotic determinants of coronary atherothrombosis. Vasc Med 7: 289-299 [Abstract]  
• Miller, K. D., Masur, H., Jones, E. C., Joe, G. O., Rick, M. E., Kelly, G. G., Mican, J. M., Liu, S., Gerber, L. H., Blackwelder, W. C., Falloon, J., Davey, R. T. Jr., Polis, M. A., Walker, R. E., Lane, H. C., Kovacs, J. A. (2002). High Prevalence of Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head in HIV-Infected Adults. ANN INTERN MED 137: 17-25 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Juul, K., Tybjarg-Hansen, A., Steffensen, R., Kofoed, S., Jensen, G., Nordestgaard, B. G. (2002). Factor V Leiden: The Copenhagen City Heart Study and 2 meta-analyses. Blood 100: 3-10 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Huang, T. J., Liu, M., Knight, L. D., Grody, W. W., Miller, J. F., Ho, C.-M. (2002). An electrochemical detection scheme for identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms using hairpin-forming probes. Nucleic Acids Res 30: e55-e55 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Herrington, D. M., Vittinghoff, E., Howard, T. D., Major, D. A., Owen, J., Reboussin, D. M., Bowden, D., Bittner, V., Simon, J. A., Grady, D., Hulley, S. B. (2002). Factor V Leiden, Hormone Replacement Therapy, and Risk of Venous Thromboembolic Events in Women With Coronary Disease. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Bio. 22: 1012-1017 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Joffe, H. V, Goldhaber, S. Z (2002). Laboratory thrombophilias and venous thromboembolism. Vasc Med 7: 93-102 [Abstract]  
• Folsom, A. R., Cushman, M., Tsai, M. Y., Aleksic, N., Heckbert, S. R., Boland, L. L., Tsai, A. W., Yanez, N. D., Rosamond, W. D. (2002). A prospective study of venous thromboembolism in relation to factor V Leiden and related factors. Blood 99: 2720-2725 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Zee, R. Y.L., Bates, D., Ridker, P. M. (2002). A Prospective Evaluation of the CD14 and CD18 Gene Polymorphisms and Risk of Stroke. Stroke 33: 892-895 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Simioni, P., Tormene, D., Prandoni, P., Zerbinati, P., Gavasso, S., Cefalo, P., Girolami, A. (2002). Incidence of venous thromboembolism in asymptomatic family members who are carriers of factor V Leiden: a prospective cohort study. Blood 99: 1938-1942 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Braunstein, J. B., Kershner, D. W., Bray, P., Gerstenblith, G., Schulman, S. P., Post, W. S., Blumenthal, R. S. (2002). Interaction of Hemostatic Genetics With Hormone Therapy : New Insights To Explain Arterial Thrombosis in Postmenopausal Women. Chest 121: 906-920 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Rossouw, J. E (2002). Hormones, genetic factors, and gender differences in cardiovascular disease. Cardiovasc Res 53: 550-557 [Full Text]  
• Boekholdt, S. M., Bijsterveld, N. R., Moons, A. H.M., Levi, M., Buller, H. R., Peters, R. J.G. (2001). Genetic Variation in Coagulation and Fibrinolytic Proteins and Their Relation With Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Systematic Review. Circulation 104: 3063-3068 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Blake, G.J., Schmitz, C., Lindpaintner, K., Ridker, P.M. (2001). Mutation in the promoter region of the {beta}-fibrinogen gene and the risk of future myocardial infarction, stroke and venous thrombosis. Eur Heart J 22: 2262-2266 [Abstract]  
• Streifler, J.Y., Rosenberg, N., Chetrit, A., Eskaraev, R., Sela, B.A., Dardik, R., Zivelin, A., Ravid, B., Davidson, J., Seligsohn, U., Inbal, A. (2001). Cerebrovascular Events in Patients With Significant Stenosis of the Carotid Artery Are Associated With Hyperhomocysteinemia and Platelet Antigen-1 (Leu33Pro) Polymorphism. Stroke 32: 2753-2758 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Thomas, R. H. (2001). Hypercoagulability Syndromes. Arch Intern Med 161: 2433-2439 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lopaciuk, S., Bykowska, K., Kwiecinski, H., Mickielewicz, A., Czlcankawska, A., Mendel, T., Kuczynska-Zardzewialy, A., Szelagowska, D., Windyga, J., Schroder, W., Herrmann, F. H., Jedrzejowska, H. (2001). Factor V Leiden, Prothrombin Gene G20210A Variant, and Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase C677T Genotype in Young Adults With Ischemic Stroke. CLIN APPL THROMB HEMOST 7: 346-350 [Abstract]  
• Middeldorp, S., Meinardi, J. R., Koopman, M. M.W., van Pampus, E. C.M., Hamulyak, K., van der Meer, J., Prins, M. H., Buller, H. R. (2001). A Prospective Study of Asymptomatic Carriers of the Factor V Leiden Mutation To Determine the Incidence of Venous Thromboembolism. ANN INTERN MED 135: 322-327 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Bauer, K. A. (2001). The Thrombophilias: Well-Defined Risk Factors with Uncertain Therapeutic Implications. ANN INTERN MED 135: 367-373 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Tripodi, A., Mannucci, P. M. (2001). Laboratory Investigation of Thrombophilia. Clin. Chem. 47: 1597-1606 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Catto, A. J. (2001). Genetic aspects of the hemostatic system in cerebrovascular disease. Neurology 57: S24-30 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Cherney, D. Z. I., Zaltzman, J. S. (2001). Mycophenolate mofetil causing deep venous thrombosis in a renal transplant patient with factor V Leiden. Nephrol Dial Transplant 16: 1702-1704 [Full Text]  
• Hankey, G. J., Eikelboom, J. W., van Bockxmeer, F. M., Lofthouse, E., Staples, N., Baker, R. I. (2001). Inherited Thrombophilia in Ischemic Stroke and Its Pathogenic Subtypes. Stroke 32: 1793-1799 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Mira, Y., Todoli, J., Alonso, R., Mico, M. L., Vaya, A., Ferrando, F., Estelles, A., Villa, P., Aznar, J. (2001). Factor V Leiden and Prothrombin G20210A in Relation to Arterial and/or Vein Rethrombosis: Two Cases. CLIN APPL THROMB HEMOST 7: 234-237 [Abstract]  
• Eldridge, J., Dilley, A., Austin, H., EL-Jamil, M., Wolstein, L., Doris, J., Hooper, W. C., Meehan, P. L., Evatt, B. (2001). The Role of Protein C, Protein S, and Resistance to Activated Protein C in Legg-Perthes Disease. Pediatrics 107: 1329-1334 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Mercuri, E., Cowan, F., Gupte, G., Manning, R., Laffan, M., Rutherford, M., Edwards, A. D., Dubowitz, L., Roberts, I. (2001). Prothrombotic Disorders and Abnormal Neurodevelopmental Outcome in Infants With Neonatal Cerebral Infarction. Pediatrics 107: 1400-1404 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Spooner, P. M., Albert, C., Benjamin, E. J., Boineau, R., Elston, R. C., George, A. L. Jr, Jouven, X., Kuller, L. H., MacCluer, J. W., Marban, E., Muller, J. E., Schwartz, P. J., Siscovick, D. S., Tracy, R. P., Zareba, W., Zipes, D. P. (2001). Sudden Cardiac Death, Genes, and Arrhythmogenesis : Consideration of New Population and Mechanistic Approaches From a National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Workshop, Part II. Circulation 103: 2447-2452 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Williams, M. S., Bray, P. F. (2001). Genetics of Arterial Prothrombotic Risk States. Exp. Biol. Med. 226: 409-419 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kamphuisen, P. W., Eikenboom, J. C. J., Bertina, R. M. (2001). Elevated Factor VIII Levels and the Risk of Thrombosis. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Bio. 21: 731-738 [Full Text]  
• Hademenos, G.J., Alberts, M.J., Awad, I., Mayberg, M., Shephard, T., Jagoda, A., Latchaw, R.E., Todd, H.W., Viste, K., Starke, R., St. John Girgus, M., Walker, M., Marler, J., Emr, M., Hart, N. (2001). Advances in the genetics of cerebrovascular disease and stroke. Neurology 56: 997-1008 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Federman, D. G., Kirsner, R. S. (2001). An Update on Hypercoagulable Disorders. Arch Intern Med 161: 1051-1056 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ghosh, K., Shetty, S., Madkaikar, M., Pawar, A., Nair, S., Khare, A., Pathare, A., Jijina, F., Mohanty, D. (2001). Venous Thromboembolism in Young Patients From Western India: A Study. CLIN APPL THROMB HEMOST 7: 158-165 [Abstract]  
• Isermann, B, Hendrickson, S., Hutley, K, Wing, M, Weiler, H (2001). Tissue-restricted expression of thrombomodulin in the placenta rescues thrombomodulin-deficient mice from early lethality and reveals a secondary developmental block. Development 128: 827-838 [Abstract]  
• Goldstein, L. B., Adams, R., Becker, K., Furberg, C. D., Gorelick, P. B., Hademenos, G., Hill, M., Howard, G., Howard, V. J., Jacobs, B., Levine, S. R., Mosca, L., Sacco, R. L., Sherman, D. G., Wolf, P. A., del Zoppo, G. J., Members, (2001). Primary Prevention of Ischemic Stroke : A Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the Stroke Council of the American Heart Association. Circulation 103: 163-182 [Full Text]  
• Miles, J. S., Miletich, J. P., Goldhaber, S. Z., Hennekens, C. H., Ridker, P. M. (2001). G20210A mutation in the prothrombin gene and the risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism. J Am Coll Cardiol 37: 215-218 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Reyes, A. A., Ugozzoli, L. A., Lowery, J. D., Breneman, J. W. III, Hixson, C. S., Press, R. D., Wallace, R. B. (2001). Linked Linear Amplification: A New Method for the Amplification of DNA. Clin. Chem. 47: 31-40 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Goldstein, L. B., Adams, R., Becker, K., Furberg, C. D., Gorelick, P. B., Hademenos, G., Hill, M., Howard, G., Howard, V. J., Jacobs, B., Levine, S. R., Mosca, L., Sacco, R. L., Sherman, D. G., Wolf, P. A., del Zoppo, G. J. (2001). Primary Prevention of Ischemic Stroke : A Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the Stroke Council of the American Heart Association. Stroke 32: 280-299 [Full Text]  
• Bushnell, C. D., Goldstein, L. B. (2000). Diagnostic Testing for Coagulopathies in Patients With Ischemic Stroke. Stroke 31: 3067-3078 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Van de Water, N. S., French, J. K., Lund, M., Hyde, T. A., White, H. D., Browett, P. J. (2000). Prevalence of factor v leiden and prothrombin variant g20210a in patients age <50 years with no significant stenoses at angiography three to four weeks after myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol 36: 717-722 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hassan, A., Markus, H. S. (2000). Genetics and ischaemic stroke. Brain 123: 1784-1812 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kowalski, A., Radu, D., Gold, B. (2000). Colorimetric Microwell Plate Detection of the Factor V Leiden Mutation. Clin. Chem. 46: 1195-1198 [Full Text]  
• Walker, I. D (2000). Thrombophilia in pregnancy. J. Clin. Pathol. 53: 573-580 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kenet, G., Sadetzki, S., Murad, H., Martinowitz, U., Rosenberg, N., Gitel, S., Rechavi, G., Inbal, A. (2000). Factor V Leiden and Antiphospholipid Antibodies Are Significant Risk Factors for Ischemic Stroke in Children. Stroke 31: 1283-1288 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kupferminc, M. J., Yair, D., Bornstein, N. M., Lessing, J. B., Eldor, A. (2000). Transient Focal Neurological Deficits During Pregnancy in Carriers of Inherited Thrombophilia. Stroke 31: 892-895 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Cooper, B. A (2000). Review: high levels of homocysteine are associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease. Evid. Based Med. 5: 63-63 [Full Text]  
• Lane, D. A., Grant, P. J. (2000). Role of hemostatic gene polymorphisms in venous and arterial thrombotic disease. Blood 95: 1517-1532 [Full Text]  
• Gerhardt, A., Scharf, R. E., Beckmann, M. W., Struve, S., Bender, H. G., Pillny, M., Sandmann, W., Zotz, R. B. (2000). Prothrombin and Factor V Mutations in Women with a History of Thrombosis during Pregnancy and the Puerperium. NEJM 342: 374-380 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Regeczy, N., Lakos, G., Balogh, I., Ajzner, E., Kiss, E., Szegedi, G. (2000). State-of-the-Art-Review : The Leiden Mutation of Coagulation Factor V in Hungarian SLE Patients. CLIN APPL THROMB HEMOST 6: 41-45 [Abstract]  
• Irani-Hakime, N., Tamim, H., Elias, G., Finan, R. R., Daccache, J. L., Almawi, W. Y. (2000). High Prevalence of Factor V Mutation (Leiden) in the Eastern Mediterranean. Clin. Chem. 46: 134-136 [Full Text]  
• Feinberg, W. M., Pearce, L. A., Hart, R. G., Cushman, M., Cornell, E. S., Lip, G. Y.H., Bovill, E. G. (1999). Markers of Thrombin and Platelet Activity in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation : Correlation With Stroke Among 1531 Participants in the Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation III Study. Stroke 30: 2547-2553 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Orum, H., Jakobsen, M. H., Koch, T., Vuust, J., Borre, M. B. (1999). Detection of the Factor V Leiden Mutation by Direct Allele-specific Hybridization of PCR Amplicons to Photoimmobilized Locked Nucleic Acids. Clin. Chem. 45: 1898-1905 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Irish, A. (1999). Renal allograft thrombosis: can thrombophilia explain the inexplicable?. Nephrol Dial Transplant 14: 2297-2303 [Full Text]  
• Cheng, S., Grow, M. A., Pallaud, C., Klitz, W., Erlich, H. A., Visvikis, S., Chen, J. J., Pullinger, C. R., Malloy, M. J., Siest, G., Kane, J. P. (1999). A Multilocus Genotyping Assay for Candidate Markers of Cardiovascular Disease Risk. Genome Res 9: 936-949 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Sayinalp, N., Ozcebe, O. I., Kirazli, S., Dogan, R., Dundar, S. V., Gurgey, A. (1999). Paget-Schroetter Syndrome Associated with FV:Q506 and Prothrombin 20210A: A Case Report. ANGIOLOGY 50: 689-692 [Abstract]  
• Bonduel, M., Sciuccati, G., Hepner, M., Torres, A. F., Pieroni, G., Frontroth, J. P. (1999). Prethrombotic Disorders in Children With Arterial Ischemic Stroke and Sinovenous Thrombosis. Arch Neurol 56: 967-971 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kenet, G., Freedman, J., Shenkman, B., Regina, E., Brok-Simoni, F., Holzman, F., Vavva, F., Brand, N., Michelson, A., Trolliet, M., Loscalzo, J., Inbal, A. (1999). Plasma Glutathione Peroxidase Deficiency and Platelet Insensitivity to Nitric Oxide in Children With Familial Stroke. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Bio. 19: 2017-2023 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Zivelin, A., Gitel, S., Griffin, J. H., Xu, X., Fernandez, J. A., Martinowitz, U., Cohen, Y., Halkin, H., Seligsohn, U., Inbal, A. (1999). Extensive Venous and Arterial Thrombosis Associated With an Inhibitor to Activated Protein C. Blood 94: 895-901 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Margaglione, M., D'Andrea, G., Giuliani, N., Brancaccio, V., De Lucia, D., Grandone, E., De Stefano, V., Tonali, P. A., Di Minno, G. (1999). Inherited Prothrombotic Conditions and Premature Ischemic Stroke : Sex Difference in the Association With Factor V Leiden. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Bio. 19: 1751-1756 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Taube, J., McWilliam, N., Luddington, R., Byrne, C. D., Baglin, T. (1999). Activated Protein C Resistance: Effect of Platelet Activation, Platelet-Derived Microparticles, and Atherogenic Lipoproteins. Blood 93: 3792-3797 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Bogardus, S. T. Jr, Concato, J., Feinstein, A. R. (1999). Clinical Epidemiological Quality in Molecular Genetic Research: The Need for Methodological Standards. JAMA 281: 1919-1926 [Abstract] [Full Text]