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In the early 1950s, when poliomyelitis was again epidemic in northern Europe and the United States, an anesthesiologist in Copenhagen, Denmark, named Ibsen did something that was routine for him in the operating room but had never before been done on a hospital ward. His simple act started the explosion in medical technology that led to the development of intensive care units and the specialty of critical care medicine. In 1952, Dr. Ibsen saw a 12-year-old girl with paralytic poliomyelitis who was dying of respiratory failure in a tank ventilator. He intubated her trachea with a cuffed tube and administered
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