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Volume 333:1301-1308 November 16, 1995 Number 20 Next

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ABSTRACT

Background Lowering the blood cholesterol level may reduce the risk of coronary heart disease. This double-blind study was designed to determine whether the administration of pravastatin to men with hypercholesterolemia and no history of myocardial infarction reduced the combined incidence of nonfatal myocardial infarction and death from coronary heart disease.

Methods We randomly assigned 6595 men, 45 to 64 years of age, with a mean (±SD) plasma cholesterol level of 272±23 mg per deciliter (7.0±0.6 mmol per liter) to receive pravastatin (40 mg each evening) or placebo. The average follow-up period was 4.9 years. Medical records, electrocardiographic recordings, and the national death registry were used to determine the clinical end points.

Results Pravastatin lowered plasma cholesterol levels by 20 percent and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels by 26 percent, whereas there was no change with placebo. There were 248 definite coronary events (specified as nonfatal myocardial infarction or death from coronary heart disease) in the placebo group, and 174 in the pravastatin group (relative reduction in risk with pravastatin, 31 percent; 95 percent confidence interval, 17 to 43 percent; P<0.001). There were similar reductions in the risk of definite nonfatal myocardial infarctions (31 percent reduction, P<0.001), death from coronary heart disease (definite cases alone: 28 percent reduction, P = 0.13; definite plus suspected cases: 33 percent reduction, P = 0.042), and death from all cardiovascular causes (32 percent reduction, P = 0.033). There was no excess of deaths from noncardiovascular causes in the pravastatin group. We observed a 22 percent reduction in the risk of death from any cause in the pravastatin group (95 percent confidence interval, 0 to 40 percent; P = 0.051).

Conclusions Treatment with pravastatin significantly reduced the incidence of myocardial infarction and death from cardiovascular causes without adversely affecting the risk of death from noncardiovascular causes in men with moderate hypercholesterolemia and no history of myocardial infarction.

Source Information

From the Departments of Pathological Biochemistry (J.S., C.J.P.), Medical Cardiology (S.M.C., A.R.L., P.W.M.), and Medicine (J.H.M.), University of Glasgow and Royal Infirmary, Glasgow; Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (I.F.); and the Department of Medicine, Dumfries and Galloway District General Hospital, Dumfries (C.G.I.) — all in Scotland.

Address reprint requests to Dr. Ford at the Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, Boyd Orr Bldg., University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland.

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