Improved Survival with an Implanted Defibrillator in Patients with Coronary Disease at High Risk for Ventricular Arrhythmia
Arthur J. Moss, M.D., W. Jackson Hall, Ph.D., David S. Cannom, M.D., James P. Daubert, M.D., Steven L. Higgins, M.D., Helmut Klein, M.D., Joseph H. Levine, M.D., Sanjeev Saksena, M.D., Albert L. Waldo, M.D., David Wilber, M.D., Mary W. Brown, M.S., Moonseong Heo, Ph.D., for The Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial Investigators
Background Unsustained ventricular tachycardia in patients withprevious myocardial infarction and left ventricular dysfunctionis associated with a two-year mortality rate of about 30 percent.We studied whether prophylactic therapy with an implanted cardioverter–defibrillator,as compared with conventional medical therapy, would improvesurvival in this high-risk group of patients.
Methods Over the course of five years, 196 patients in New YorkHeart Association functional class I, II, or III with priormyocardial infarction; a left ventricular ejection fraction<0.35; a documented episode of asymptomatic unsustained ventriculartachycardia; and inducible, nonsuppressible ventricular tachyarrhythmiaon electrophysiologic study were randomly assigned to receivean implanted defibrillator (n = 95) or conventional medicaltherapy (n = 101). We used a two-sided sequential design withdeath from any cause as the end point.
Results The base-line characteristics of the two treatment groupswere similar. During an average follow-up of 27 months, therewere 15 deaths in the defibrillator group (11 from cardiac causes)and 39 deaths in the conventional-therapy group (27 from cardiaccauses) (hazard ratio for overall mortality, 0.46; 95 percentconfidence interval, 0.26 to 0.82; P = 0.009). There was noevidence that amiodarone, beta-blockers, or any other antiarrhythmictherapy had a significant influence on the observed hazard ratio.
Conclusions In patients with a prior myocardial infarction whoare at high risk for ventricular tachyarrhythmia, prophylactictherapy with an implanted defibrillator leads to improved survivalas compared with conventional medical therapy.
Source Information
From the Cardiology Unit, Department of Medicine (A.J.M., J.P.D.), the Department of Biostatistics (W.J.H., M.H.), and the Department of Community and Preventive Medicine (M.W.B.), University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, N.Y.; Good Samaritan Hospital, Los Angeles (D.S.C.); Scripps Memorial Hospital, La Jolla, Calif. (S.L.H.); University Hospital, Magdeburg, Germany (H.K.); St. Francis Hospital–Heart Center, Roslyn, N.Y. (J.H.L.); Eastern Heart Institute, Passaic, N.J. (S.S.); the Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, and University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland (A.L.W.); and the Cardiology Unit, University of Chicago, Chicago (D.W.).
Address reprint requests to Dr. Moss at the Heart Research Follow-up Program, Box 653, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642.
Authors/Task Force Members, , Dickstein, K., Cohen-Solal, A., Filippatos, G., McMurray, J. J.V., Ponikowski, P., Poole-Wilson, P. A., Stromberg, A., van Veldhuisen, D. J., Atar, D., Hoes, A. W., Keren, A., Mebazaa, A., Nieminen, M., Priori, S. G., Swedberg, K., ESC Committee for Practice Guidelines (CPG), , Vahanian, A., Camm, J., De Caterina, R., Dean, V., Dickstein, K., Filippatos, G., Funck-Brentano, C., Hellemans, I., Kristensen, S. D., McGregor, K., Sechtem, U., Silber, S., Tendera, M., Widimsky, P., Zamorano, J. L., Document Reviewers, , Tendera, M., Auricchio, A., Bax, J., Bohm, M., Corra, U., della Bella, P., Elliott, P. M., Follath, F., Gheorghiade, M., Hasin, Y., Hernborg, A., Jaarsma, T., Komajda, M., Kornowski, R., Piepoli, M., Prendergast, B., Tavazzi, L., Vachiery, J.-L., Verheugt, F. W. A., Zamorano, J. L., Zannad, F.
(2008). ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure 2008: The Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute and Chronic Heart Failure 2008 of the European Society of Cardiology. Developed in collaboration with the Heart Failure Association of the ESC (HFA) and endorsed by the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM). Eur Heart J
29: 2388-2442
[Full Text]
Tung, R., Zimetbaum, P., Josephson, M. E.
(2008). A Critical Appraisal of Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Therapy for the Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death. J Am Coll Cardiol
52: 1111-1121
[Abstract][Full Text]
Goldberger, J. J., Cain, M. E., Hohnloser, S. H., Kadish, A. H., Knight, B. P., Lauer, M. S., Maron, B. J., Page, R. L., Passman, R. S., Siscovick, D., Stevenson, W. G., Zipes, D. P.
(2008). American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology Foundation/Heart Rhythm Society Scientific Statement on Noninvasive Risk Stratification Techniques for Identifying Patients at Risk for Sudden Cardiac Death: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association Council on Clinical Cardiology Committee on Electrocardiography and Arrhythmias and Council on Epidemiology and Prevention. J Am Coll Cardiol
52: 1179-1199
[Full Text]
Goldberger, J. J., Cain, M. E., Hohnloser, S. H., Kadish, A. H., Knight, B. P., Lauer, M. S., Maron, B. J., Page, R. L., Passman, R. S., Siscovick, D., Stevenson, W. G., Zipes, D. P.
(2008). American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology Foundation/Heart Rhythm Society Scientific Statement on Noninvasive Risk Stratification Techniques for Identifying Patients at Risk for Sudden Cardiac Death: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association Council on Clinical Cardiology Committee on Electrocardiography and Arrhythmias and Council on Epidemiology and Prevention. Circulation
118: 1497-1518
[Full Text]
Pellegrini, C. N., Lee, K., Olgin, J. E., Turakhia, M. P., Tseng, Z. H., Lee, R., Badhwar, N., Lee, B., Varosy, P. D.
(2008). Impact of advanced age on survival in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators. Europace
0: eun253v1-6
[Abstract][Full Text]
Dorian, P., Al-Khalidi, H. R., Hohnloser, S. H., Brum, J. M., Dunnmon, P. M., Pratt, C. M., Holroyde, M. J., Kowey, P., on behalf of the SHIELD (SHock Inhibition Evaluati,
(2008). Azimilide Reduces Emergency Department Visits and Hospitalizations in Patients With an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator in a Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. J Am Coll Cardiol
52: 1076-1083
[Abstract][Full Text]
Mark, D. B., Anstrom, K. J., Sun, J. L., Clapp-Channing, N. E., Tsiatis, A. A., Davidson-Ray, L., Lee, K. L., Bardy, G. H., the Sudden Cardiac Death in Heart Failure Trial In,
(2008). Quality of Life with Defibrillator Therapy or Amiodarone in Heart Failure. NEJM
359: 999-1008
[Abstract][Full Text]
Biffi, M., Ziacchi, M., Bertini, M., Sangiorgi, D., Corsini, D., Martignani, C., Diemberger, I., Boriani, G.
(2008). Longevity of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators: implications for clinical practice and health care systems. Europace
0: eun240v1-8
[Abstract][Full Text]
Ding, L., Hua, W., Niu, H., Chen, K., Zhang, S.
(2008). Primary prevention of sudden cardiac death using implantable cardioverter defibrillators. Europace
10: 1034-1041
[Abstract][Full Text]
Tzeis, S., Andrikopoulos, G., Kolb, C., Vardas, P. E.
(2008). Tools and strategies for the reduction of inappropriate implantable cardioverter defibrillator shocks. Europace
0: eun205v1-10
[Abstract][Full Text]
Mukaddirov, M., Demaria, R. G., Perrault, L. P., Frapier, J.-M., Albat, B.
(2008). Reconstructive surgery of postinfarction left ventricular aneurysms: techniques and unsolved problems.. Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg.
34: 256-261
[Abstract][Full Text]
Sasano, T., Abraham, M. R., Chang, K.-C., Ashikaga, H., Mills, K. J., Holt, D. P., Hilton, J., Nekolla, S. G., Dong, J., Lardo, A. C., Halperin, H., Dannals, R. F., Marban, E., Bengel, F. M.
(2008). Abnormal sympathetic innervation of viable myocardium and the substrate of ventricular tachycardia after myocardial infarction.. J Am Coll Cardiol
51: 2266-2275
[Abstract][Full Text]
Scheinman, M. M., Keung, E.
(2008). The Year in Review of Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology. J Am Coll Cardiol
51: 2075-2081
[Full Text]
Epstein, A. E., DiMarco, J. P., Ellenbogen, K. A., Estes, N.A. M. III, Freedman, R. A., Gettes, L. S., Gillinov, A. M., Gregoratos, G., Hammill, S. C., Hayes, D. L., Hlatky, M. A., Newby, L. K., Page, R. L., Schoenfeld, M. H., Silka, M. J., Stevenson, L. W., Sweeney, M. O.
(2008). ACC/AHA/HRS 2008 Guidelines for Device-Based Therapy of Cardiac Rhythm Abnormalities: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the ACC/AHA/NASPE 2002 Guideline Update for Implantation of Cardiac Pacemakers and Antiarrhythmia Devices) Developed in Collaboration With the American Association for Thoracic Surgery and Society of Thoracic Surgeons. J Am Coll Cardiol
51: e1-e62
[Full Text]
Epstein, A. E., DiMarco, J. P., Ellenbogen, K. A., Mark Estes, N.A. III, Freedman, R. A., Gettes, L. S., Gillinov, A. M., Gregoratos, G., Hammill, S. C., Hayes, D. L., Hlatky, M. A., Newby, L. K., Page, R. L., Schoenfeld, M. H., Silka, M. J., Stevenson, L. W., Sweeney, M. O.
(2008). ACC/AHA/HRS 2008 Guidelines for Device-Based Therapy of Cardiac Rhythm Abnormalities: Executive Summary: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the ACC/AHA/NASPE 2002 Guideline Update for Implantation of Cardiac Pacemakers and Antiarrhythmia Devices) Developed in Collaboration With the American Association for Thoracic Surgery and Society of Thoracic Surgeons. J Am Coll Cardiol
51: 2085-2105
[Full Text]
Epstein, A. E., DiMarco, J. P., Ellenbogen, K. A., Estes, N.A. M. III, Freedman, R. A., Gettes, L. S., Gillinov, A. M., Gregoratos, G., Hammill, S. C., Hayes, D. L., Hlatky, M. A., Newby, L. K., Page, R. L., Schoenfeld, M. H., Silka, M. J., Stevenson, L. W., Sweeney, M. O.
(2008). ACC/AHA/HRS 2008 Guidelines for Device-Based Therapy of Cardiac Rhythm Abnormalities: Executive Summary: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the ACC/AHA/NASPE 2002 Guideline Update for Implantation of Cardiac Pacemakers and Antiarrhythmia Devices): Developed in Collaboration With the American Association for Thoracic Surgery and Society of Thoracic Surgeons. Circulation
117: 2820-2840
[Full Text]
Epstein, A. E., DiMarco, J. P., Ellenbogen, K. A., Estes, N.A. M. III, Freedman, R. A., Gettes, L. S., Gillinov, A. M., Gregoratos, G., Hammill, S. C., Hayes, D. L., Hlatky, M. A., Newby, L. K., Page, R. L., Schoenfeld, M. H., Silka, M. J., Stevenson, L. W., Sweeney, M. O.
(2008). ACC/AHA/HRS 2008 Guidelines for Device-Based Therapy of Cardiac Rhythm Abnormalities: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the ACC/AHA/NASPE 2002 Guideline Update for Implantation of Cardiac Pacemakers and Antiarrhythmia Devices): Developed in Collaboration With the American Association for Thoracic Surgery and Society of Thoracic Surgeons. Circulation
117: e350-e408
[Full Text]
Goyal, S., Punnam, S. R.
(2008). Noninvasive Risk Assessment Early After a Myocardial Infarction: Are We Looking at the Right Indicators?. J Am Coll Cardiol
51: 1910-1910
[Full Text]
Lim, H. S., Lip, G. Y.H., Tse, H.-F.
(2008). Implantable cardioverter defibrillator following acute myocardial infarction: the '48-hour' and '40-day' rule. Europace
10: 536-539
[Abstract][Full Text]
Berul, C. I., Van Hare, G. F., Kertesz, N. J., Dubin, A. M., Cecchin, F., Collins, K. K., Cannon, B. C., Alexander, M. E., Triedman, J. K., Walsh, E. P., Friedman, R. A.
(2008). Results of a Multicenter Retrospective Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Registry of Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease Patients. J Am Coll Cardiol
51: 1685-1691
[Abstract][Full Text]
Koller, M. T., Schaer, B., Wolbers, M., Sticherling, C., Bucher, H. C., Osswald, S.
(2008). Death Without Prior Appropriate Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Therapy: A Competing Risk Study. Circulation
117: 1918-1926
[Abstract][Full Text]
Wellens, H. J.
(2008). Forty Years of Invasive Clinical Electrophysiology: 1967-2007. Circ Arrhythmia Electrophysiol
1: 49-53
[Full Text]
Mangi, A. A.
(2008). Invited Commentary. Ann. Thorac. Surg.
85: 1281-1282
[Full Text]
Elgarhi, N, Kreuz, J, Balta, O, Nickenig, G, Hoium, H, Lewalter, T, Schwab, J O.
(2008). Significance of Wedensky Modulation testing in the evaluation of non-invasive risk stratification for ventricular tachyarrhythmia in patients with coronary artery disease and implantable cardioverter-defibrillator. Heart
94: e16-e16
[Abstract][Full Text]
Hare, J L, Jenkins, C, Nakatani, S, Ogawa, A, Yu, C-M, Marwick, T H
(2008). Feasibility and clinical decision-making with 3D echocardiography in routine practice. Heart
94: 440-445
[Abstract][Full Text]
Gardiwal, A., Yu, H., Oswald, H., Luesebrink, U., Ludwig, A., Pichlmaier, A. M., Drexler, H., Klein, G.
(2008). Right ventricular pacing is an independent predictor for ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation occurrence and heart failure events in patients with an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator. Europace
10: 358-363
[Abstract][Full Text]
Galema, T. W., Geleijnse, M. L., Yap, S.-C., van Domburg, R. T., Biagini, E., Vletter, W. B., Ten Cate, F. J.
(2008). Assessment of left ventricular ejection fraction after myocardial infarction using contrast echocardiography. Eur J Echocardiogr
9: 250-254
[Abstract][Full Text]
Ptaszynski, P., Klingenheben, T., Gerritse, B., Kornet, L.
(2008). Risk stratification after myocardial infarction: a new method of determining the neural component of the baroreflex is potentially more discriminative in distinguishing patients at high and low risk for arrhythmias. Europace
10: 227-234
[Abstract][Full Text]
Goldenberg, I., Vyas, A. K., Hall, W. J., Moss, A. J., Wang, H., He, H., Zareba, W., McNitt, S., Andrews, M. L., for the MADIT-II Investigators,
(2008). Risk Stratification for Primary Implantation of a Cardioverter-Defibrillator in Patients With Ischemic Left Ventricular Dysfunction. J Am Coll Cardiol
51: 288-296
[Abstract][Full Text]
Mittal, S.
(2008). Selecting Patients for an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator: Can the Genie Be Put Back Into the Bottle?. J Am Coll Cardiol
51: 297-299
[Full Text]
Camboni, D., Wollmann, C. G., Loher, A., Gradaus, R., Scheld, H. H., Schmid, C.
(2008). Explantation of Implantable Defibrillator Leads Using Open Heart Surgery or Percutaneous Techniques. Ann. Thorac. Surg.
85: 50-55
[Abstract][Full Text]
Spotnitz, H. M.
(2008). Surgical Implantation of Pacemakers and Automatic Defibrillators. Card Surg Adult
3: 1395-1428
[Full Text]
Sutton, R., Fisher, J. D., Linde, C., Benditt, D. G.
(2007). History of electrical therapy for the heart. Eur Heart J Suppl
9: I3-I10
[Abstract][Full Text]
Rossenbacker, T., Priori, S. G., Zipes, D. P.
(2007). The fight against sudden cardiac death: consensus guidelines as a reference. Eur Heart J Suppl
9: I50-I58
[Abstract][Full Text]
Jung, W., Schumacher, B.
(2007). What is the role of risk stratification for sudden death in the defibrillator era?. Eur Heart J Suppl
9: I59-I65
[Abstract][Full Text]
Bansch, D., Kottkamp, H., Gronefeld, G., Vogt, J., Israel, C., Bocker, D., Hindricks, G., Kuck, K.-H., on behalf of the Quick-ICD investigators,
(2007). The quick-implantable-defibrillator trial. Europace
9: 1144-1150
[Abstract][Full Text]
De Ferrari, G. M., Rordorf, R., Frattini, F., Petracci, B., De Filippo, P., Landolina, M.
(2007). Predictive value of programmed ventricular stimulation in patients with ischaemic cardiomyopathy: implications for the selection of candidates for an implantable defibrillator. Europace
9: 1151-1157
[Abstract][Full Text]
Ritter, P., Cazeau, S., Gras, D., Daubert, J.-C.
(2007). Cardiac resynchronization therapy implantation: a blend of skill and technology. Eur Heart J Suppl
9: I107-I112
[Abstract][Full Text]
Fernandes, V. R. S., Wu, K. C., Rosen, B. D., Schmidt, A., Lardo, A. C., Osman, N., Halperin, H. R., Tomaselli, G., Berger, R., Bluemke, D. A., Marban, E., Lima, J. A. C.
(2007). Enhanced Infarct Border Zone Function and Altered Mechanical Activation Predict Inducibility of Monomorphic Ventricular Tachycardia in Patients with Ischemic Cardiomyopathy. Radiology
245: 712-719
[Abstract][Full Text]
Santini, M., Lavalle, C., Ricci, R. P.
(2007). Primary and secondary prevention of sudden cardiac death: who should get an ICD?. Heart
93: 1478-1483
[Full Text]
Curtis, L. H., Al-Khatib, S. M., Shea, A. M., Hammill, B. G., Hernandez, A. F., Schulman, K. A.
(2007). Sex Differences in the Use of Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators for Primary and Secondary Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death. JAMA
298: 1517-1524
[Abstract][Full Text]
Hernandez, A. F., Fonarow, G. C., Liang, L., Al-Khatib, S. M., Curtis, L. H., LaBresh, K. A., Yancy, C. W., Albert, N. M., Peterson, E. D.
(2007). Sex and Racial Differences in the Use of Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators Among Patients Hospitalized With Heart Failure. JAMA
298: 1525-1532
[Abstract][Full Text]
Efthimiadis, G. K., Mezilis, N. E., Styliadis, I. H.
(2007). Implantation of cardioverter defibrillator in post-myocardial infarction patients: when and how?. Eur Heart J
28: 2416-2416
[Full Text]
Authors/Task Force Members, , Vardas, P. E., Auricchio, A., Blanc, J.-J., Daubert, J.-C., Drexler, H., Ector, H., Gasparini, M., Linde, C., Morgado, F. B., Oto, A., Sutton, R., Trusz-Gluza, M., ESC Committee for Practice Guidelines (CPG), , Vahanian, A., Camm, J., De Caterina, R., Dean, V., Dickstein, K., Funck-Brentano, C., Filippatos, G., Hellemans, I., Kristensen, S. D., McGregor, K., Sechtem, U., Silber, S., Tendera, M., Widimsky, P., Zamorano, J. L., Document Reviewers, , Priori, S. G., Blomstrom-Lundqvist, C., Brignole, M., Terradellas, J. B., Camm, J., Castellano, P., Cleland, J., Farre, J., Fromer, M., Le Heuzey, J.-Y., Lip, G. Y., Merino, J. L., Montenero, A. S., Ritter, P., Schalij, M. J., Stellbrink, C.
(2007). Guidelines for cardiac pacing and cardiac resynchronization therapy: The Task Force for Cardiac Pacing and Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy of the European Society of Cardiology. Developed in Collaboration with the European Heart Rhythm Association. Europace
9: 959-998
[Full Text]
Vassallo, P., Trohman, R. G.
(2007). Prescribing Amiodarone: An Evidence-Based Review of Clinical Indications. JAMA
298: 1312-1322
[Abstract][Full Text]
Almendral, J., Josephson, M. E.
(2007). All Patients With Hemodynamically Tolerated Postinfarction Ventricular Tachycardia Do Not Require an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator. Circulation
116: 1204-1212
[Full Text]
Faber, T. S., Gradinger, R., Treusch, S., Morkel, C., Brachmann, J., Bode, C., Zehender, M., for the EVENTS Investigators,
(2007). Incidence of ventricular tachyarrhythmias during permanent pacemaker therapy in low-risk patients results from the German multicentre EVENTS study. Eur Heart J
28: 2238-2242
[Abstract][Full Text]
Authors/Task Force Members, , Vardas, P. E., Auricchio, A., Blanc, J.-J., Daubert, J.-C., Drexler, H., Ector, H., Gasparini, M., Linde, C., Morgado, F. B., Oto, A., Sutton, R., Trusz-Gluza, M., ESC Committee for Practice Guidelines (CPG), , Vahanian, A., Camm, J., De Caterina, R., Dean, V., Dickstein, K., Funck-Brentano, C., Filippatos, G., Hellemans, I., Kristensen, S. D., McGregor, K., Sechtem, U., Silber, S., Tendera, M., Widimsky, P., Zamorano, J. L., Document Reviewers, , Priori, S. G., Blomstrom-Lundqvist, C., Brignole, M., Terradellas, J. B., Camm, J., Castellano, P., Cleland, J., Farre, J., Fromer, M., Le Heuzey, J.-Y., Lip, G. Y., Merino, J. L., Montenero, A. S., Ritter, P., Schalij, M. J., Stellbrink, C.
(2007). Guidelines for cardiac pacing and cardiac resynchronization therapy: The Task Force for Cardiac Pacing and Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy of the European Society of Cardiology. Developed in Collaboration with the European Heart Rhythm Association. Eur Heart J
28: 2256-2295
[Full Text]
England, R., England, T., Coggon, J.
(2007). The ethical and legal implications of deactivating an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator in a patient with terminal cancer. J. Med. Ethics
33: 538-540
[Abstract][Full Text]
Stephenson, E. A., Berul, C. I.
(2007). Electrophysiological Interventions for Inherited Arrhythmia Syndromes. Circulation
116: 1062-1080
[Full Text]
Ezekowitz, J. A., Rowe, B. H., Dryden, D. M., Hooton, N., Vandermeer, B., Spooner, C., McAlister, F. A.
(2007). Systematic Review: Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators for Adults with Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction. ANN INTERN MED
147: 251-262
[Abstract][Full Text]
Bruch, C., Bruch, C., Sindermann, J., Breithardt, G., Gradaus, R.
(2007). Prevalence and prognostic impact of comorbidities in heart failure patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillator. Europace
9: 681-686
[Abstract][Full Text]
Passman, R., Kadish, A.
(2007). Sudden Death Prevention With Implantable Devices. Circulation
116: 561-571
[Full Text]
Cantillon, D. J., Stein, K. M., Markowitz, S. M., Mittal, S., Shah, B. K., Morin, D. P., Zacks, E. S., Janik, M., Ageno, S., Mauer, A. C., Lerman, B. B., Iwai, S.
(2007). Predictive Value of Microvolt T-Wave Alternans in Patients With Left Ventricular Dysfunction. J Am Coll Cardiol
50: 166-173
[Abstract][Full Text]
Holmes, D. R. Jr, Kim, L. J., Brooks, M. M., Kip, K. E., Schaff, H. V., Detre, K. M., Frye, R. L., Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation,
(2007). The effect of coronary artery bypass grafting on specific causes of long-term mortality in the Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg.
134: 38-46
[Abstract][Full Text]
Chugh, S. S., Reinier, K., Stecker, E. C.
(2007). Learning From a Real-World Analysis of Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Recipients: Comorbidities Matter. J Am Coll Cardiol
49: 2416-2418
[Full Text]
Kloner, R. A., Cannom, D. S.
(2007). Uncertainty on the Use of Aldosterone Antagonists for Primary Therapy for Sudden Cardiac Death in the Setting of Implanted Devices. Circulation
115: 2983-2989
[Full Text]
Piccirillo, G., Magri, D., Matera, S., Magnanti, M., Torrini, A., Pasquazzi, E., Schifano, E., Velitti, S., Marigliano, V., Quaglione, R., Barilla, F.
(2007). QT variability strongly predicts sudden cardiac death in asymptomatic subjects with mild or moderate left ventricular systolic dysfunction: a prospective study. Eur Heart J
28: 1344-1350
[Abstract][Full Text]
Nagele, H., Hashagen, S., Azizi, M., Behrens, S., Castel, M.A.
(2007). Analysis of terminal arrhythmias stored in the memory of pacemakers from patients dying suddenly. Europace
9: 380-384
[Abstract][Full Text]
Casaleggio, A., Maestri, R., Rovere, M. T. L., Rossi, P., Pinna, G. D.
(2007). Prediction of sudden death in heart failure patients: a novel perspective from the assessment of the peak ectopy rate. Europace
9: 385-390
[Abstract][Full Text]
Johnson, M. J
(2007). Management of end stage cardiac failure. Postgrad. Med. J.
83: 395-401
[Abstract][Full Text]
Kleemann, T., Becker, T., Doenges, K., Vater, M., Senges, J., Schneider, S., Saggau, W., Weisse, U., Seidl, K.
(2007). Annual Rate of Transvenous Defibrillation Lead Defects in Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators Over a Period of >10 Years. Circulation
115: 2474-2480
[Abstract][Full Text]
Bunch, T. J., Hohnloser, S. H., Gersh, B. J.
(2007). Mechanisms of Sudden Cardiac Death in Myocardial Infarction Survivors: Insights From the Randomized Trials of Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators. Circulation
115: 2451-2457
[Full Text]
Zimetbaum, P. J.
(2007). A 59-Year-Old Man Considering Implantation of a Cardiac Defibrillator. JAMA
297: 1909-1916
[Abstract][Full Text]
Ermis, C., Zhu, A. X., VanHeel, L., Sakaguchi, R.N. S., Lurie, K. G., Lu, F., Benditt, D. G.
(2007). Comparison of ventricular arrhythmia burden, therapeutic interventions, and survival, in patients < 75 and patients >= 75 years of age treated with implantable cardioverter defibrillators. Europace
9: 270-274
[Abstract][Full Text]
Schmidt, A., Azevedo, C. F., Cheng, A., Gupta, S. N., Bluemke, D. A., Foo, T. K., Gerstenblith, G., Weiss, R. G., Marban, E., Tomaselli, G. F., Lima, J. A.C., Wu, K. C.
(2007). Infarct Tissue Heterogeneity by Magnetic Resonance Imaging Identifies Enhanced Cardiac Arrhythmia Susceptibility in Patients With Left Ventricular Dysfunction. Circulation
115: 2006-2014
[Abstract][Full Text]
Goldenberg, I., Moss, A. J., McNitt, S., Zareba, W., Hall, W. J., Andrews, M. L., for the MADIT-II Investigators,
(2007). Inverse Relationship of Blood Pressure Levels to Sudden Cardiac Mortality and Benefit of the Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator in Patients With Ischemic Left Ventricular Dysfunction. J Am Coll Cardiol
49: 1427-1433
[Abstract][Full Text]
Epstein, A. E., Baessler, C. A., Curtis, A. B., Estes, N.A. M. III, Gersh, B. J., Grubb, B., Mitchell, L. B.
(2007). Addendum to "Personal and Public Safety Issues Related to Arrhythmias That May Affect Consciousness: Implications for Regulation and Physician Recommendations: A Medical/ Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association and the North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology" Public Safety Issues in Patients With Implantable Defibrillators A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association and the Heart Rhythm Society. Circulation
115: 1170-1176
[Abstract][Full Text]
Camm, J., Klein, H., Nisam, S.
(2007). The cost of implantable defibrillators: perceptions and reality. Eur Heart J
28: 392-397
[Abstract][Full Text]
Hofsten, D. E., Wachtell, K., Lund, B., Molgaard, H., Egstrup, K., on behalf of the DANAMI-2 Investigators,
(2007). Prevalence and prognostic implications of non-sustained ventricular tachycardia in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction after revascularization with either fibrinolysis or primary angioplasty. Eur Heart J
28: 407-414
[Abstract][Full Text]
Lindenfeld, J., Feldman, A. M., Saxon, L., Boehmer, J., Carson, P., Ghali, J. K., Anand, I., Singh, S., Steinberg, J. S., Jaski, B., DeMarco, T., Mann, D., Yong, P., Galle, E., Ecklund, F., Bristow, M.
(2007). Effects of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy With or Without a Defibrillator on Survival and Hospitalizations in Patients With New York Heart Association Class IV Heart Failure. Circulation
115: 204-212
[Abstract][Full Text]
Cooper, J. A., Cooper, J. D., Cooper, J. M.
(2006). Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: History, Current Practice, and Future Direction. Circulation
114: 2839-2849
[Full Text]
