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Previous Volume 336:1072-1078 April 10, 1997 Number 15 Next

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Transmission through sexual contact accounts for 75 to 85 percent of the nearly 28 million infections with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that have occurred so far.¹ The probability of infection through sexual contact, although it varies greatly, appears to be lower than that of infection through other routes of exposure (Figure 1). The variability observed among and within routes of HIV exposure depends partly on the viral dose and also on whether the virus is transmitted directly into the blood or onto a mucous membrane. In addition, these differences are influenced by a variety of host factors, . . . [Full Text of this Article]

Host Susceptibility and Infectiousness

Host Genetics

Stage of Infection

Antiretroviral Therapy

Reproductive Tract Infections

Cervical Ectopy

Male Circumcision

Contraception

Menstruation and Pregnancy

Environment

Biologic Agent

The Future: Preventing Sexually Transmitted HIV Infection

Source Information

From the Department of Epidemiology (R.A.R., A.S., W.C.) and the Division of Infectious Diseases (A.S., M.S.C.), University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; and Family Health International, Research Triangle Park, N.C. (W.C.).

Address reprint requests to Dr. Royce at the Department of Epidemiology, CB# 7400, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599.

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