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A large number of low-birth-weight infants (less than 2500 g) are born in the United States each year, accounting for 6.9 percent of all live births. Approximately 50,000 of these are of very low birth weight (less than 1500 g). Advances in health care in the past 30 years have resulted in a dramatic reduction in the birth-weight-specific mortality rate, and in the past decade we have seen a significant improvement in the survival of even the smallest infants. The disability rate in survivors has meanwhile remained constant and inversely related to birth weight and gestational age.
While the majority
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