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Previous Volume 338:1202-1211 April 23, 1998 Number 17 Next

	Since this article has no abstract, we have provided an extract of the first 100 words of the full text and any section headings.

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The nephrotic syndrome is defined by a urinary protein level exceeding 3.5 g per 1.73 m² of body-surface area per day. At the turn of the century, clinicians distinguished a nephritic syndrome of inflammatory origin and a nephrotic syndrome of presumed degenerative origin. Today these concepts are outmoded, but the term "nephrotic syndrome" is clinically useful and has persisted, because heavy proteinuria, irrespective of its origin, is associated with a spectrum of clinically important sequelae, particularly sodium retention, hyperlipoproteinemia, and thromboembolic and infectious complications. The definition given above is arbitrary, however, and special significance should not be given to the . . . [Full Text of this Article]

Causes of Nephrotic Proteinuria

Pathophysiology of Glomerular Leakage of Protein

Clinical Sequelae of Nephrotic-Range Proteinuria

Sodium Retention and Edema Formation

Treatment of Patients with Nephrotic Edema

Thromboembolic Complications

Infection

Hyperlipidemia

Protein Binding of Endogenous and Exogenous Substances

Treatment of the Nephrotic Syndrome

Symptomatic Reduction of Proteinuria

            ACE Inhibitors

            NSAIDs

            Low-Protein Diet

Immunologic Interventions

            Specific Interventions

            Nonspecific Interventions

Source Information

From the Department of Internal Medicine, Ruperto Carola University, Bergheimer Strasse 56a, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany, where reprint requests should be addressed to Dr. Orth.

References

Related Letters:

The Nephrotic Syndrome
Haas M., Barzilay Z., Paret G., Orth S. R., Rychlík I., Ritz E.
Extract | Full Text  
N Engl J Med 1998; 339:772-773, Sep 10, 1998. Correspondence

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