Background and Methods Clinical observations have suggestedthat the number of cases of hepatocellular carcinoma has increasedin the United States. We analyzed data from the Surveillance,Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data base to determinethe age-adjusted incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma from1976 to 1995, data from the U.S. vital-statistics data baseto determine age-adjusted mortality rates from 1981 to 1995,and data from the Department of Veterans Affairs to determineage-adjusted rates of hospitalization for the disease from 1983to 1997.
Results The incidence of histologically proved hepatocellularcarcinoma increased from 1.4 per 100,000 population (95 percentconfidence interval, 1.3 to 1.4) for the period from 1976 to1980 to 2.4 per 100,000 (95 percent confidence interval, 2.3to 2.4) for the period from 1991 to 1995. Among black men, theincidence was 6.1 per 100,000 for the period from 1991 to 1995,and among white men, it was 2.8 per 100,000. There was a 41percent increase in the mortality rate from primary liver cancerand a 46 percent increase in the proportion of hospitalizationsattributable to this disease during the periods studied. Theincidence increased significantly among younger persons (40to 60 years old) during the period from 1991 to 1995 as comparedwith earlier periods.
Conclusions An increase in the number of cases of hepatocellularcarcinoma has occurred in the United States over the past twodecades. The age-specific incidence of this cancer has progressivelyshifted toward younger people.
Source Information
From the Veterans Affairs Medical Center and the University of New Mexico, Albuquerque.
Address reprint requests to Dr. El-Serag at the Gastroenterology Section, Veterans Affairs Medical Center 111F, 1501 San Pedro SE, Albuquerque, NM 87108, or at elserag{at}unm.edu.
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