One of the most devastating tragedies of modern medicine wasset into motion by the over-the-counter marketing of thalidomidein Europe during the late 1950s for the treatment of morningsickness. The drug was withdrawn in the 1960s after the appearanceof reports of teratogenicity and phocomelia associated withits use. The recent return of thalidomide stems from the broadspectrum of its pharmacologic and immunologic effects.1 Thalidomidehas been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for thetreatment of erythema nodosum leprosum, an inflammatory manifestationof leprosy,2 and potential therapeutic applications span a widespectrum of other diseases.
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Kiziltepe, T., Hideshima, T., Ishitsuka, K., Ocio, E. M., Raje, N., Catley, L., Li, C.-Q., Trudel, L. J., Yasui, H., Vallet, S., Kutok, J. L., Chauhan, D., Mitsiades, C. S., Saavedra, J. E., Wogan, G. N., Keefer, L. K., Shami, P. J., Anderson, K. C.
(2007). JS-K, a GST-activated nitric oxide generator, induces DNA double-strand breaks, activates DNA damage response pathways, and induces apoptosis in vitro and in vivo in human multiple myeloma cells. Blood
110: 709-718
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Kang, T. Y., Lowe, C. J., Sekeres, M. A.
(2006). Thalidomide Use and Digital Gangrene. JCO
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Onozawa, M., Hashino, S., Sogabe, S., Haneda, M., Horimoto, H., Izumiyama, K., Kondo, T., Aldana, L. P., Hamada, K., Asaka, M.
(2005). Side Effects and Good Effects from New Chemotherapeutic Agents: CASE 2. Thalidomide-Induced Interstitial Pneumonitis. JCO
23: 2425-2426
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Kaufmann, H., Raderer, M., Wohrer, S., Puspok, A., Bankier, A., Zielinski, C., Chott, A., Drach, J.
(2004). Antitumor activity of rituximab plus thalidomide in patients with relapsed/refractory mantle cell lymphoma. Blood
104: 2269-2271
[Abstract][Full Text]
Park, S.-J., Kim, H.-S., Yang, H.-M., Park, K.-W., Youn, S.-W., Jeon, S.-I., Kim, D.-H., Koo, B.-K., Chae, I.-H., Choi, D.-J., Oh, B.-H., Lee, M.-M., Park, Y.-B.
(2004). Thalidomide as a Potent Inhibitor of Neointimal Hyperplasia After Balloon Injury in Rat Carotid Artery. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Bio.
24: 885-891
[Abstract][Full Text]
Hussein, M. A.
(2003). Modifications to Therapy for Multiple Myeloma: Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin in Combination With Vincristine, Reduced-Dose Dexamethasone, and Thalidomide. The Oncologist
8: 39-45
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Drucker, L., Uziel, O., Tohami, T., Shapiro, H., Radnay, J., Yarkoni, S., Lahav, M., Lishner, M.
(2003). Thalidomide Down-Regulates Transcript Levels of GC-Rich Promoter Genes in Multiple Myeloma. Mol. Pharmacol.
64: 415-420
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Weeber, M., Vos, R., Klein, H., de Jong-van den Berg, L. T.W., Aronson, A. R., Molema, G.
(2003). Generating Hypotheses by Discovering Implicit Associations in the Literature: A Case Report of a Search for New Potential Therapeutic Uses for Thalidomide. J. Am. Med. Inform. Assoc.
10: 252-259
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Marriott, J. B., Clarke, I. A., Czajka, A., Dredge, K., Childs, K., Man, H.-W., Schafer, P., Govinda, S., Muller, G. W., Stirling, D. I., Dalgleish, A. G.
(2003). A Novel Subclass of Thalidomide Analogue with Anti-Solid Tumor Activity in Which Caspase-dependent Apoptosis is Associated with Altered Expression of bcl-2 Family Proteins. Cancer Res.
63: 593-599
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Neben, K., Moehler, T., Benner, A., Kraemer, A., Egerer, G., Ho, A. D., Goldschmidt, H.
(2002). Dose-dependent Effect of Thalidomide on Overall Survival in Relapsed Multiple Myeloma. Clin. Cancer Res.
8: 3377-3382
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Fiegl, M., Greil, R., Montoto, S., Blade, J., Montserrat, E., Jokl, D. H.-K., Kyle, R. A., Rajkumar, S. V., Melton, J. III
(2002). Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance. NEJM
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Hlatky, L., Hahnfeldt, P., Folkman, J.
(2002). Clinical Application of Antiangiogenic Therapy: Microvessel Density, What It Does and Doesn't Tell Us. JNCI J Natl Cancer Inst
94: 883-893
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Dredge, K., Marriott, J. B., Todryk, S. M., Muller, G. W., Chen, R., Stirling, D. I., Dalgleish, A. G.
(2002). Protective Antitumor Immunity Induced by a Costimulatory Thalidomide Analog in Conjunction with Whole Tumor Cell Vaccination Is Mediated by Increased Th1-Type Immunity. J. Immunol.
168: 4914-4919
[Abstract][Full Text]
Hideshima, T., Chauhan, D., Richardson, P., Mitsiades, C., Mitsiades, N., Hayashi, T., Munshi, N., Dang, L., Castro, A., Palombella, V., Adams, J., Anderson, K. C.
(2002). NF-kappa B as a Therapeutic Target in Multiple Myeloma. J. Biol. Chem.
277: 16639-16647
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Cohen, D., McCubbin, M., Collin, J., Perodeau, G.
(2001). Medications as Social Phenomena. Health (London)
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Kerbel, R. S.
(2001). Clinical Trials of Antiangiogenic Drugs: Opportunities, Problems, and Assessment of Initial Results. JCO
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Neben, K., Moehler, T., Egerer, G., Kraemer, A., Hillengass, J., Benner, A., Ho, A. D., Goldschmidt, H.
(2001). High Plasma Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Concentration Is Associated with Response to Thalidomide in Progressive Multiple Myeloma. Clin. Cancer Res.
7: 2675-2681
[Abstract][Full Text]
Vincent Rajkumar, S., Kyle, R. A.
(2001). Thalidomide in the Treatment of Plasma Cell Malignancies. JCO
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Dimopoulos, M. A., Zomas, A., Viniou, N. A., Grigoraki, V., Galani, E., Matsouka, C., Economou, O., Anagnostopoulos, N., Panayiotidis, P.
(2001). Treatment of Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia With Thalidomide. JCO
19: 3596-3601
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Podar, K., Tai, Y.-T., Davies, F. E., Lentzsch, S., Sattler, M., Hideshima, T., Lin, B. K., Gupta, D., Shima, Y., Chauhan, D., Mitsiades, C., Raje, N., Richardson, P., Anderson, K. C.
(2001). Vascular endothelial growth factor triggers signaling cascades mediating multiple myeloma cell growth and migration. Blood
98: 428-435
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Barlogie, B., Desikan, R., Eddlemon, P., Spencer, T., Zeldis, J., Munshi, N., Badros, A., Zangari, M., Anaissie, E., Epstein, J., Shaughnessy, J., Ayers, D., Spoon, D., Tricot, G.
(2001). Extended survival in advanced and refractory multiple myeloma after single-agent thalidomide: identification of prognostic factors in a phase 2 study of 169 patients. Blood
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[Abstract][Full Text]
Dalton, W. S., Bergsagel, P. L., Kuehl, W. M., Anderson, K. C., Harousseau, J. L.
(2001). Multiple Myeloma. ASH Education Book
2001: 157-177
[Abstract][Full Text]
Hideshima, T., Chauhan, D., Shima, Y., Raje, N., Davies, F. E., Tai, Y.-T., Treon, S. P., Lin, B., Schlossman, R. L., Richardson, P., Muller, G., Stirling, D. I., Anderson, K. C.
(2000). Thalidomide and its analogs overcome drug resistance of human multiple myeloma cells to conventional therapy. Blood
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Raje, N., Anderson, K. C.
(2000). Introduction: the evolving role of bisphosphonate therapy in multiple myeloma. Blood
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Davey, P.P., Ashrafian, H.
(2000). New therapies for heart failure: is thalidomide the answer?. QJM
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Kishi, Y., Oki, Y., Machida, U., Barlogie, B.
(2000). Thalidomide in Multiple Myeloma. NEJM
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Anderson, K. C., Kyle, R. A., Dalton, W. S., Landowski, T., Shain, K., Jove, R., Hazlehurst, L., Berenson, J.
(2000). Multiple Myeloma: New Insights and Therapeutic Approaches. ASH Education Book
2000: 147-165
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(1999). Thalidomide in Refractory Multiple Myeloma. JWatch General
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