Hepatic Arterial Infusion of Chemotherapy after Resection of Hepatic Metastases from Colorectal Cancer
Nancy Kemeny, M.D., Ying Huang, Ph.D., Alfred M. Cohen, M.D., Weiji Shi, M.S., John A. Conti, M.D., Murray F. Brennan, M.D., Joseph R. Bertino, M.D., Alan D.M. Turnbull, M.D., Deidre Sullivan, B.A., Jennifer Stockman, B.A., Leslie H. Blumgart, M.D., and Yuman Fong, M.D.
Background Two years after undergoing resection of liver metastasesfrom colorectal cancer, about 65 percent of patients are aliveand 25 percent are free of detectable disease. We tried to improvethese outcomes by treating patients with hepatic arterial infusionof floxuridine plus systemic fluorouracil after liver resection.
Methods We randomly assigned 156 patients at the time of resectionof hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer to receive sixcycles of hepatic arterial infusion with floxuridine and dexamethasoneplus intravenous fluorouracil, with or without leucovorin, orsix weeks of similar systemic therapy alone. Patients were stratifiedaccording to previous treatment and the number of liver metastasesidentified at operation. The study end points were overall survival,survival without recurrence of hepatic metastases, and survivalwithout any metastases at two years.
Results The actuarial rate of overall survival at two yearswas 86 percent in the group treated with combined therapy and72 percent in the group given monotherapy alone (P=0.03). Themedian survival was 72.2 months in the combined-therapy groupand 59.3 months in the monotherapy group, with a median follow-upof 62.7 months. After two years, the rates of survival freeof hepatic recurrence were 90 percent in the combined-therapygroup and 60 percent in the monotherapy group (P<0.001),and the respective rates of progression-free survival were 57percent and 42 percent (P=0.07). At two years, the risk ratiofor death was 2.34 among patients treated with systemic therapyalone, as compared with patients who received combined therapy(95 percent confidence interval, 1.10 to 4.98; P=0.027), afteradjustment for important variables. The rates of adverse effectsof at least moderate severity were similar in the two groups,except for a higher frequency of diarrhea and hepatic effectsin the combined-therapy group.
Conclusions For patients who undergo resection of liver metastasesfrom colorectal cancer, postoperative treatment with a combinationof hepatic arterial infusion of floxuridine and intravenousfluorouracil improves the outcome at two years.
Source Information
From the Departments of Medicine (N.K., J.A.C., J.R.B., D.S., J.S.), Biostatistics (Y.H., W.S.), and Surgery (A.M.C., M.F.B., A.D.M.T., L.H.B., Y.F.), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York. Presented at a meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, Atlanta, May 1518, 1999.
Address reprint requests to Dr. Kemeny at the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave., New York, NY 10021.
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