Background Studies have documented the underrepresentation ofwomen and blacks in clinical trials, and their recruitment isnow federally mandated. However, little is known about the levelof participation of elderly patients. We determined the ratesof enrollment of patients 65 years of age or older in trialsof treatment for cancer.
Methods We analyzed data on 16,396 patients consecutively enrolledin 164 Southwest Oncology Group treatment trials between 1993and 1996 according to sex, race (black or white), and age under65 years or 65 or older. These rates were compared with thecorresponding rates in the general population of patients withcancer, derived from the 1990 U.S. Census and from the NationalCancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End ResultsProgram for the period from 1992 through 1994. Fifteen typesof cancer were included in the analysis.
Results The overall proportions of women and blacks enrolledin Southwest Oncology Group trials were similar to or the sameas the estimated proportions in the U.S. population of patientswith cancer (women, 41 percent and 43 percent; blacks, 10 percentand 10 percent, respectively). In contrast, patients 65 yearsof age or older were underrepresented overall (25 percent vs.63 percent, P<0.001) and in trials involving all 15 typesof cancer except lymphoma. The underrepresentation was particularlynotable in trials of treatment for breast cancer (9 percentvs. 49 percent, P<0.001). The findings were similar whendata on patients who were 70 years of age or older were analyzed,when 15 trials that excluded older patients were eliminatedfrom the analysis, and when community-based enrollment was analyzedseparately from enrollment at academic centers.
Conclusions There is substantial underrepresentation of patients65 years of age or older in studies of treatment for cancer.The reasons should be clarified, and policies adopted to correctthis underrepresentation.
Source Information
From the Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (L.F.H.); the Southwest Oncology Group Statistical Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle (J.M.U., J.J.C.); the Department of Medical Oncology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio (C.A.C.); and the Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Ill. (K.S.A.).
Address reprint requests to the Southwest Oncology Group, Operations Office, 4980 Omicron Dr., San Antonio, TX 78245-3217, or to bgranados{at}swog.org.
De Santis, M., Bellmunt, J., Mead, G., Kerst, J. M., Leahy, M., Maroto, P., Skoneczna, I., Marreaud, S., de Wit, R., Sylvester, R.
(2009). Randomized Phase II/III Trial Assessing Gemcitabine/ Carboplatin and Methotrexate/Carboplatin/Vinblastine in Patients With Advanced Urothelial Cancer "Unfit" for Cisplatin-Based Chemotherapy: Phase II--Results of EORTC Study 30986. JCO
27: 5634-5639
[Abstract][Full Text]
Anderson, W. F., Jatoi, I., Sherman, M. E.
(2009). Qualitative Age Interactions in Breast Cancer Studies: Mind the Gap. JCO
27: 5308-5311
[Full Text]
Lai, R., Hershman, D. L., Doan, T., Neugut, A. I.
(2009). The timing of cranial radiation in elderly patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme. Neuro Oncology
0: nop004v1-nop004
[Abstract][Full Text]
Pallis, A. G., Gridelli, C., van Meerbeeck, J. P., Greillier, L., Wedding, U., Lacombe, D., Welch, J., Belani, C. P., Aapro, M.
(2009). EORTC Elderly Task Force and Lung Cancer Group and International Society for Geriatric Oncology (SIOG) experts' opinion for the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer in an elderly population. Ann Oncol
0: mdp360v1-mdp360
[Abstract][Full Text]
Albain, K. S., Unger, J. M., Crowley, J. J., Coltman, C. A. Jr, Hershman, D. L.
(2009). Racial Disparities in Cancer Survival Among Randomized Clinical Trials Patients of the Southwest Oncology Group. JNCI J Natl Cancer Inst
101: 984-992
[Abstract][Full Text]
Smith, B. D., Smith, G. L., Hurria, A., Hortobagyi, G. N., Buchholz, T. A.
(2009). Future of Cancer Incidence in the United States: Burdens Upon an Aging, Changing Nation. JCO
27: 2758-2765
[Abstract][Full Text]
Anderson, W. F.
(2009). Cancer Surveillance Research. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev.
18: 1669-1671
[Full Text]
Muss, H. B., Berry, D. A., Cirrincione, C. T., Theodoulou, M., Mauer, A. M., Kornblith, A. B., Partridge, A. H., Dressler, L. G., Cohen, H. J., Becker, H. P., Kartcheske, P. A., Wheeler, J. D., Perez, E. A., Wolff, A. C., Gralow, J. R., Burstein, H. J., Mahmood, A. A., Magrinat, G., Parker, B. A., Hart, R. D., Grenier, D., Norton, L., Hudis, C. A., Winer, E. P., the CALGB Investigators,
(2009). Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Older Women with Early-Stage Breast Cancer. NEJM
360: 2055-2065
[Abstract][Full Text]
Porta, M. G. D., Malcovati, L.
(2009). Clinical relevance of extra-hematologic comorbidity in the management of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome. haematol
94: 602-606
[Full Text]
Rowe, J. M.
(2009). Closer to the truth in AML. Blood
113: 4129-4130
[Full Text]
Derolf, A. R., Kristinsson, S. Y., Andersson, T. M.-L., Landgren, O., Dickman, P. W., Bjorkholm, M.
(2009). Improved patient survival for acute myeloid leukemia: a population-based study of 9729 patients diagnosed in Sweden between 1973 and 2005. Blood
113: 3666-3672
[Abstract][Full Text]
Stinchcombe, T. E., Socinski, M. A.
(2009). Current Treatments for Advanced Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Proc Am Thorac Soc
6: 233-241
[Abstract][Full Text]
Nghiemphu, P. L., Liu, W., Lee, Y., Than, T., Graham, C., Lai, A., Green, R. M., Pope, W. B., Liau, L. M., Mischel, P. S., Nelson, S. F., Elashoff, R., Cloughesy, T. F.
(2009). Bevacizumab and chemotherapy for recurrent glioblastoma: A single-institution experience. Neurology
72: 1217-1222
[Abstract][Full Text]
Ramalingam, S. S., Khuri, F. R.
(2009). The Role of the Taxanes in the Treatment of Older Patients with Advanced Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. The Oncologist
14: 412-424
[Abstract][Full Text]
Kabbinavar, F. F., Hurwitz, H. I., Yi, J., Sarkar, S., Rosen, O.
(2009). Addition of Bevacizumab to Fluorouracil-Based First-Line Treatment of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Pooled Analysis of Cohorts of Older Patients From Two Randomized Clinical Trials. JCO
27: 199-205
[Abstract][Full Text]
Seol, Y. M., Song, M. K., Choi, Y. J., Kim, G. H., Shin, H. J., Song, G. A., Chung, J. S., Cho, G. J.
(2009). Oral Fluoropyrimidines (Capecitabine or S-1) and Cisplatin as First Line Treatment in Elderly Patients with Advanced Gastric Cancer: A Retrospective Study. Jpn J Clin Oncol
39: 43-48
[Abstract][Full Text]
Papamichael, D., Audisio, R., Horiot, J.-C., Glimelius, B., Sastre, J., Mitry, E., Van Cutsem, E., Gosney, M., Kohne, C.-H., Aapro, M.
(2009). Treatment of the elderly colorectal cancer patient: SIOG expert recommendations. Ann Oncol
20: 5-16
[Abstract][Full Text]
Tu, J. V., Ko, D. T.
(2008). Ecological Studies and Cardiovascular Outcomes Research. Circulation
118: 2588-2593
[Full Text]
Eisen, T., Oudard, S., Szczylik, C., Gravis, G., Heinzer, H., Middleton, R., Cihon, F., Anderson, S., Shah, S., Bukowski, R., Escudier, B., for the TARGET Study Group,
(2008). Sorafenib for Older Patients With Renal Cell Carcinoma: Subset Analysis From a Randomized Trial. JNCI J Natl Cancer Inst
100: 1454-1463
[Abstract][Full Text]
von Plessen, C, Strand, T-E, Wentzel-Larsen, T, Omenaas, E, Wilking, N, Sundstrom, S, Sorenson, S
(2008). Effectiveness of third-generation chemotherapy on the survival of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer in Norway: a national study. Thorax
63: 866-871
[Abstract][Full Text]
McKibbin, T., Frei, C. R., Greene, R. E., Kwan, P., Simon, J., Koeller, J. M.
(2008). Disparities in the Use of Chemotherapy and Monoclonal Antibody Therapy for Elderly Advanced Colorectal Cancer Patients in the Community Oncology Setting. The Oncologist
13: 876-885
[Abstract][Full Text]
Fruh, M., Rolland, E., Pignon, J.-P., Seymour, L., Ding, K., Tribodet, H., Winton, T., Le Chevalier, T., Scagliotti, G. V., Douillard, J. Y., Spiro, S., Shepherd, F. A.
(2008). Pooled Analysis of the Effect of Age on Adjuvant Cisplatin-Based Chemotherapy for Completely Resected Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. JCO
26: 3573-3581
[Abstract][Full Text]
Baquet, C. R., Ellison, G. L., Mishra, S. I.
(2008). Analysis of Maryland Cancer Patient Participation in National Cancer Institute-Supported Cancer Treatment Clinical Trials. JCO
26: 3380-3386
[Abstract][Full Text]
Basche, M., Baron, A. E., Eckhardt, S. G., Balducci, L., Persky, M., Levin, A., Jackson, N., Zeng, C., Vranas, P., Steiner, J. F.
(2008). Barriers to Enrollment of Elderly Adults in Early-Phase Cancer Clinical Trials. J Oncol Pract
4: 162-168
[Abstract][Full Text]
Hurria, A., Balducci, L., Naeim, A., Gross, C., Mohile, S., Klepin, H., Tew, W., Downey, L., Gajra, A., Owusu, C., Sanati, H., Suh, T., Figlin, R.
(2008). Mentoring Junior Faculty in Geriatric Oncology: Report From the Cancer and Aging Research Group. JCO
26: 3125-3127
[Full Text]
Internullo, E., Moons, J., Nafteux, P., Coosemans, W., Decker, G., De Leyn, P., Van Raemdonck, D., Lerut, T.
(2008). Outcome after esophagectomy for cancer of the esophagus and GEJ in patients aged over 75 years. Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg.
33: 1096-1104
[Abstract][Full Text]
Wheatley-Price, P., Ding, K., Seymour, L., Clark, G. M., Shepherd, F. A.
(2008). Erlotinib for Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer in the Elderly: An Analysis of the National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group Study BR.21. JCO
26: 2350-2357
[Abstract][Full Text]
Field, K. M., Kosmider, S., Jefford, M., Michael, M., Jennens, R., Green, M., Gibbs, P.
(2008). Chemotherapy Dosing Strategies in the Obese, Elderly, and Thin Patient: Results of a Nationwide Survey. J Oncol Pract
4: 108-113
[Abstract][Full Text]
Rogers, W. A., Ballantyne, A. J., Australian Gender Equity in Health Research Group,
(2008). Exclusion of Women From Clinical Research: Myth or Reality?. Mayo Clin Proc.
83: 536-542
[Abstract][Full Text]
Levi, M., Hovingh, G. K., Cannegieter, S. C., Vermeulen, M., Buller, H. R., Rosendaal, F. R.
(2008). Bleeding in patients receiving vitamin K antagonists who would have been excluded from trials on which the indication for anticoagulation was based. Blood
111: 4471-4476
[Abstract][Full Text]
Meinert, C. L
(2008). Long-term drug prevention trials. Clin Trials
5: 168-176
[Abstract]
Dhruva, S. S., Redberg, R. F.
(2008). Variations Between Clinical Trial Participants and Medicare Beneficiaries in Evidence Used for Medicare National Coverage Decisions. Arch Intern Med
168: 136-140
[Abstract][Full Text]
Asmis, T. R., Ding, K., Seymour, L., Shepherd, F. A., Leighl, N. B., Winton, T. L., Whitehead, M., Spaans, J. N., Graham, B. C., Goss, G. D.
(2008). Age and Comorbidity As Independent Prognostic Factors in the Treatment of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Review of National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group Trials. JCO
26: 54-59
[Abstract][Full Text]
Lichtman, S. M.
(2008). Pharmacology of Antineoplastic Agents for Older Patients. Am Soc Clin Oncol Ed Book
2008: 210-214
[Abstract][Full Text]
Lipscombe, L. L., Gomes, T., Levesque, L. E., Hux, J. E., Juurlink, D. N., Alter, D. A.
(2007). Thiazolidinediones and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Older Patients With Diabetes. JAMA
298: 2634-2643
[Abstract][Full Text]
Owonikoko, T. K., Ragin, C. C., Belani, C. P., Oton, A. B., Gooding, W. E., Taioli, E., Ramalingam, S. S.
(2007). Lung Cancer in Elderly Patients: An Analysis of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Database. JCO
25: 5570-5577
[Abstract][Full Text]
Hurria, A.
(2007). Incorporation of Geriatric Principles in Oncology Clinical Trials. JCO
25: 5350-5351
[Full Text]
Golberstein, E., Liang, J., Quinones, A., Wolinsky, F. D.
(2007). Does More Health Care Improve Health Among Older Adults? A Longitudinal Analysis. J Aging Health
19: 888-906
[Abstract]
Balducci, L., Al-Halawani, H., Charu, V., Tam, J., Shahin, S., Dreiling, L., Ershler, W. B.
(2007). Elderly Cancer Patients Receiving Chemotherapy Benefit from First-Cycle Pegfilgrastim. The Oncologist
12: 1416-1424
[Abstract][Full Text]
Elkin, E. B., Kim, S. H.M., Casper, E. S., Kissane, D. W., Schrag, D.
(2007). Desire for Information and Involvement in Treatment Decisions: Elderly Cancer Patients' Preferences and Their Physicians' Perceptions. JCO
25: 5275-5280
[Abstract][Full Text]
Pinder, M. C., Duan, Z., Goodwin, J. S., Hortobagyi, G. N., Giordano, S. H.
(2007). Congestive Heart Failure in Older Women Treated With Adjuvant Anthracycline Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer. JCO
25: 3808-3815
[Abstract][Full Text]
Muss, H. B., Berry, D. A., Cirrincione, C., Budman, D. R., Henderson, I. C., Citron, M. L., Norton, L., Winer, E. P., Hudis, C. A.
(2007). Toxicity of Older and Younger Patients Treated With Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Node-Positive Breast Cancer: The Cancer and Leukemia Group B Experience. JCO
25: 3699-3704
[Abstract][Full Text]
Dellapasqua, S., Colleoni, M., Castiglione, M., Goldhirsch, A.
(2007). New Criteria for Selecting Elderly Patients for Breast Cancer Adjuvant Treatment Studies. The Oncologist
12: 952-959
[Abstract][Full Text]
Wagner, A. D., Wedding, U., Kuss, O., Hoffken, K.
(2007). Docetaxel for Advanced Gastric Cancer?. JCO
25: 2490-2491
[Full Text]
Ding, E. L., Powe, N. R., Manson, J. E., Sherber, N. S., Braunstein, J. B.
(2007). Sex Differences in Perceived Risks, Distrust, and Willingness to Participate in Clinical Trials: A Randomized Study of Cardiovascular Prevention Trials. Arch Intern Med
167: 905-912
[Abstract][Full Text]
Lichtman, S. M., Balducci, L., Aapro, M.
(2007). Geriatric Oncology: A Field Coming of Age. JCO
25: 1821-1823
[Full Text]
Lichtman, S. M., Wildiers, H., Chatelut, E., Steer, C., Budman, D., Morrison, V. A., Tranchand, B., Shapira, I., Aapro, M.
(2007). International Society of Geriatric Oncology Chemotherapy Taskforce: Evaluation of Chemotherapy in Older Patients--An Analysis of the Medical Literature. JCO
25: 1832-1843
[Abstract][Full Text]
Muss, H. B., Biganzoli, L., Sargent, D. J., Aapro, M.
(2007). Adjuvant Therapy in the Elderly: Making the Right Decision. JCO
25: 1870-1875
[Abstract][Full Text]
Gridelli, C., Langer, C., Maione, P., Rossi, A., Schild, S. E.
(2007). Lung Cancer in the Elderly. JCO
25: 1898-1907
[Abstract][Full Text]
Estey, E.
(2007). Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndromes in Older Patients. JCO
25: 1908-1915
[Abstract][Full Text]
Rodin, M. B., Mohile, S. G.
(2007). A Practical Approach to Geriatric Assessment in Oncology. JCO
25: 1936-1944
[Abstract][Full Text]
Wolpin, B. M., Meyerhardt, J. A., Mamon, H. J., Mayer, R. J.
(2007). Adjuvant Treatment of Colorectal Cancer. CA Cancer J Clin
57: 168-185
[Abstract][Full Text]
Keime-Guibert, F., Chinot, O., Taillandier, L., Cartalat-Carel, S., Frenay, M., Kantor, G., Guillamo, J.-S., Jadaud, E., Colin, P., Bondiau, P.-Y., Menei, P., Loiseau, H., Bernier, V., Honnorat, J., Barrie, M., Mokhtari, K., Mazeron, J.-J., Bissery, A., Delattre, J.-Y., the Association of French-Speaking Neuro-Oncologis,
(2007). Radiotherapy for Glioblastoma in the Elderly. NEJM
356: 1527-1535
[Abstract][Full Text]
Siu, L. L.
(2007). Clinical Trials in the Elderly -- A Concept Comes of Age. NEJM
356: 1575-1576
[Full Text]
Gopal, A. K., Rajendran, J. G., Gooley, T. A., Pagel, J. M., Fisher, D. R., Petersdorf, S. H., Maloney, D. G., Eary, J. F., Appelbaum, F. R., Press, O. W.
(2007). High-Dose [131I]Tositumomab (anti-CD20) Radioimmunotherapy and Autologous Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation for Adults >= 60 Years Old With Relapsed or Refractory B-Cell Lymphoma. JCO
25: 1396-1402
[Abstract][Full Text]
Kumar, A., Soares, H. P., Balducci, L., Djulbegovic, B.
(2007). Treatment Tolerance and Efficacy in Geriatric Oncology: A Systematic Review of Phase III Randomized Trials Conducted by Five National Cancer Institute-Sponsored Cooperative Groups. JCO
25: 1272-1276
[Abstract][Full Text]
Jackman, D. M., Yeap, B. Y., Lindeman, N. I., Fidias, P., Rabin, M. S., Temel, J., Skarin, A. T., Meyerson, M., Holmes, A. J., Borras, A. M., Freidlin, B., Ostler, P. A., Lucca, J., Lynch, T. J., Johnson, B. E., Janne, P. A.
(2007). Phase II Clinical Trial of Chemotherapy-Naive Patients >= 70 Years of Age Treated With Erlotinib for Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. JCO
25: 760-766
[Abstract][Full Text]
Langer, C. J.
(2007). Mind Your Elders: Therapeutic Implications of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibition in Older Patients With Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. JCO
25: 751-753
[Full Text]
Travers, J., Marsh, S., Williams, M., Weatherall, M., Caldwell, B., Shirtcliffe, P., Aldington, S., Beasley, R.
(2007). External validity of randomised controlled trials in asthma: to whom do the results of the trials apply?. Thorax
62: 219-223
[Abstract][Full Text]
Hilpert, F, du Bois, A, Greimel, E., Hedderich, J, Krause, G, Venhoff, L, Loibl, S, Pfisterer, J
(2007). Feasibility, toxicity and quality of life of first-line chemotherapy with platinum/paclitaxel in elderly patients aged >=70 years with advanced ovarian cancer--a study by the AGO OVAR Germany. Ann Oncol
18: 282-287
[Abstract][Full Text]
Ko, D. T., Krumholz, H. M., Wang, Y., Foody, J. M., Masoudi, F. A., Havranek, E. P., You, J. J., Alter, D. A., Stukel, T. A., Newman, A. M., Tu, J. V.
(2007). Regional Differences in Process of Care and Outcomes for Older Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients in the United States and Ontario, Canada. Circulation
115: 196-203
[Abstract][Full Text]
LoConte, N. K.
(2007). Disparities in Cancer Care for Older Adults. J Oncol Pract
3: 51-51
[Full Text]
Repetto, L., Audisio, R. A.
(2006). Elderly Patients Have Become the Leading Drug Consumers: It's High Time to Properly Evaluate New Drugs Within the Real Targeted Population. JCO
24: e62-e63
[Full Text]
Smith, B. D., Haffty, B. G., Hurria, A., Galusha, D. H., Gross, C. P.
(2006). Postmastectomy Radiation and Survival in Older Women With Breast Cancer. JCO
24: 4901-4907
[Abstract][Full Text]
Hurria, A., Fleming, M. T., Baker, S. D., Kelly, Wm. K., Cutchall, K., Panageas, K., Caravelli, J., Yeung, H., Kris, M. G., Gomez, J., Miller, V. A., D'Andrea, G., Scher, H. I., Norton, L., Hudis, C.
(2006). Pharmacokinetics and toxicity of weekly docetaxel in older patients.. Clin. Cancer Res.
12: 6100-6105
[Abstract][Full Text]
Dominguez-Ventura, A., Allen, M. S., Cassivi, S. D., Nichols, F. C. III, Deschamps, C., Pairolero, P. C.
(2006). Lung cancer in octogenarians: factors affecting morbidity and mortality after pulmonary resection.. Ann. Thorac. Surg.
82: 1175-1179
[Abstract][Full Text]
Lamont, E. B., Herndon, J. E. II, Weeks, J. C., Henderson, I. C., Earle, C. C., Schilsky, R. L., Christakis, N. A.
(2006). Measuring disease-free survival and cancer relapse using Medicare claims from CALGB breast cancer trial participants (companion to 9344).. JNCI J Natl Cancer Inst
98: 1335-1338
[Abstract][Full Text]
Coca, S. G., Krumholz, H. M., Garg, A. X., Parikh, C. R.
(2006). Underrepresentation of renal disease in randomized controlled trials of cardiovascular disease.. JAMA
296: 1377-1384
[Abstract][Full Text]
Goldberg, R. M., Tabah-Fisch, I., Bleiberg, H., de Gramont, A., Tournigand, C., Andre, T., Rothenberg, M. L., Green, E., Sargent, D. J.
(2006). Pooled Analysis of Safety and Efficacy of Oxaliplatin Plus Fluorouracil/Leucovorin Administered Bimonthly in Elderly Patients With Colorectal Cancer. JCO
24: 4085-4091
[Abstract][Full Text]
Ford, B. M., Evans, J. S., Stoffel, E. M., Balmana, J., Regan, M. M., Syngal, S.
(2006). Factors associated with enrollment in cancer genetics research.. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev.
15: 1355-1359
[Abstract][Full Text]
Elkin, E. B., Hurria, A., Mitra, N., Schrag, D., Panageas, K. S.
(2006). Adjuvant Chemotherapy and Survival in Older Women With Hormone Receptor-Negative Breast Cancer: Assessing Outcome in a Population-Based, Observational Cohort. JCO
24: 2757-2764
[Abstract][Full Text]
Cohen, H. J., Muss, H. B.
(2006). The Cancer and Leukemia Group B Cancer in the Elderly Committee: Addressing a Major Cancer Need.. Clin. Cancer Res.
12: 3606s-3611s
[Abstract][Full Text]
Lichtman, S. M., Hollis, D., Miller, A. A., Rosner, G. L., Rhoades, C. A., Lester, E. P., Millard, F., Byrd, J., Cullinan, S. A., Rosen, D. M., Parise, R. A., Ratain, M. J., Egorin, M. J.
(2006). Prospective Evaluation of the Relationship of Patient Age and Paclitaxel Clinical Pharmacology: Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB 9762). JCO
24: 1846-1851
[Abstract][Full Text]
Raghavan, D., Suh, T.
(2006). Cancer in the Elderly Population: The Protection Racket. JCO
24: 1795-1796
[Full Text]
Burdette-Radoux, S., Muss, H. B.
(2006). Adjuvant chemotherapy in the elderly: whom to treat, what regimen?. The Oncologist
11: 234-242
[Abstract][Full Text]
Gotay, C. C.
(2006). Increasing Trial Generalizability. JCO
24: 846-847
[Full Text]
Freyer, G., Braud, A.-C., Chaibi, P., Spielmann, M., Martin, J.-P., Vilela, G., Guerin, D., Zelek, L.
(2006). Dealing with metastatic breast cancer in elderly women: results from a French study on a large cohort carried out by the 'Observatory on Elderly Patients'. Ann Oncol
17: 211-216
[Abstract][Full Text]
Unger, J. M., Coltman, C. A. Jr, Crowley, J. J., Hutchins, L. F., Martino, S., Livingston, R. B., Macdonald, J. S., Blanke, C. D., Gandara, D. R., Crawford, E. D., Albain, K. S.
(2006). Impact of the Year 2000 Medicare Policy Change on Older Patient Enrollment to Cancer Clinical Trials. JCO
24: 141-144
[Abstract][Full Text]
Goss, C. H., Rubenfeld, G. D., Ramsey, B. W., Aitken, M. L.
(2006). Clinical Trial Participants Compared with Nonparticipants in Cystic Fibrosis. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.
173: 98-104
[Abstract][Full Text]
Jatoi, A., Hillman, S., Stella, P., Green, E., Adjei, A., Nair, S., Perez, E., Amin, B., Schild, S. E., Castillo, R., Jett, J. R.
(2005). Should Elderly Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients Be Offered Elderly-Specific Trials? Results of a Pooled Analysis From the North Central Cancer Treatment Group. JCO
23: 9113-9119
[Abstract][Full Text]
Doyle, J. J., Neugut, A. I., Jacobson, J. S., Grann, V. R., Hershman, D. L.
(2005). Chemotherapy and Cardiotoxicity in Older Breast Cancer Patients: A Population-Based Study. JCO
23: 8597-8605
[Abstract][Full Text]
Harter, P., du Bois, A., Schade-Brittinger, C., Burges, A., Wollschlaeger, K., Gropp, M., Schmalfeldt, B., Huober, J., Staehle, A., Pfisterer, J., for the Study Coordination Group of the AGO-OVAR,
(2005). Non-enrolment of ovarian cancer patients in clinical trials: reasons and background. Ann Oncol
16: 1801-1805
[Abstract][Full Text]
Wakelee, H., Belani, C. P.
(2005). Optimizing First-Line Treatment Options for Patients with Advanced NSCLC. The Oncologist
10: 1-10
[Abstract][Full Text]
Mullins, C. D., Blatt, L., Gbarayor, C. M., Yang, H.-W. K., Baquet, C.
(2005). Health disparities: A barrier to high-quality care. Am J Health Syst Pharm
62: 1873-1882
[Abstract][Full Text]
Wasil, T., Lichtman, S. M.
(2005). Clinical Pharmacology Issues Relevant to the Dosing and Toxicity of Chemotherapy Drugs in the Elderly. The Oncologist
10: 602-612
[Abstract][Full Text]
Gridelli, C., Shepherd, F. A.
(2005). Chemotherapy for Elderly Patients With Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Review of the Evidence. Chest
128: 947-957
[Abstract][Full Text]
Brunello, A., Basso, U., Pogliani, C., Jirillo, A., Ghiotto, C., Koussis, H., Lumachi, F., Iacobone, M., Vamvakas, L., Monfardini, S.
(2005). Adjuvant chemotherapy for elderly patients (>=70 years) with early high-risk breast cancer: a retrospective analysis of 260 patients. Ann Oncol
16: 1276-1282
[Abstract][Full Text]
Gross, C. P., Herrin, J., Wong, N., Krumholz, H. M.
(2005). Enrolling Older Persons in Cancer Trials: The Effect of Sociodemographic, Protocol, and Recruitment Center Characteristics. JCO
23: 4755-4763
[Abstract][Full Text]
Lamont, E. B., Herndon, J. E. II, Weeks, J. C., Henderson, I. C., Lilenbaum, R., Schilsky, R. L., Christakis, N. A., for the Cancer and Leukemia Group B,
(2005). Criterion Validity of Medicare Chemotherapy Claims in Cancer and Leukemia Group B Breast and Lung Cancer Trial Participants. JNCI J Natl Cancer Inst
97: 1080-1083
[Abstract][Full Text]
Gross, C. P., Wong, N., Dubin, J. A., Mayne, S. T., Krumholz, H. M.
(2005). Enrollment of Older Persons in Cancer Trials After the Medicare Reimbursement Policy Change. Arch Intern Med
165: 1514-1520
[Abstract][Full Text]
Chen, Y.-M., Perng, R.-P., Shih, J.-F., Tsai, C.-M., Whang-Peng, J.
(2005). Chemotherapy for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer in Elderly Patients. Chest
128: 132-139
[Abstract][Full Text]
Townsley, C., Pond, G. R., Peloza, B., Kok, J., Naidoo, K., Dale, D., Herbert, C., Holowaty, E., Straus, S., Siu, L. L.
(2005). Analysis of Treatment Practices for Elderly Cancer Patients in Ontario, Canada. JCO
23: 3802-3810
[Abstract][Full Text]
Gross, C.P., Krumholz, H.M.
(2005). Impact of Managed Care on Cancer Trial Enrollment. JCO
23: 3811-3818
[Abstract][Full Text]
Rossi, A., Maione, P., Colantuoni, G., Guerriero, C., Ferrara, C., Del Gaizo, F., Nicolella, D., Gridelli, C.
(2005). Treatment of Small Cell Lung Cancer in the Elderly. The Oncologist
10: 399-411
[Abstract][Full Text]
Sastre, J., Marcuello, E., Masutti, B., Navarro, M., Gil, S., Anton, A., Abad, A., Aranda, E., Maurel, J., Valladares, M., Maestu, I., Carrato, A., Vicent, J. M., Diaz-Rubio, E.
(2005). Irinotecan in Combination With Fluorouracil in a 48-Hour Continuous Infusion As First-Line Chemotherapy for Elderly Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Spanish Cooperative Group for the Treatment of Digestive Tumors Study. JCO
23: 3545-3551
[Abstract][Full Text]
Townsley, C. A., Selby, R., Siu, L. L.
(2005). Systematic Review of Barriers to the Recruitment of Older Patients With Cancer Onto Clinical Trials. JCO
23: 3112-3124
[Abstract][Full Text]
Previous
