FREE NEJM E-TOC    HOME   |   SUBSCRIBE   |   CURRENT ISSUE   |   PAST ISSUES   |   COLLECTIONS   |   Search Term  Advanced Search

Sign in | Get NEJM's E-Mail Table of Contents — Free | Subscribe

Previous Volume 342:1350-1358 May 4, 2000 Number 18 Next

	Since this article has no abstract, we have provided an extract of the first 100 words of the full text and any section headings.

	Full Text PDF Purchase this article Add to Personal Archive Add to Citation Manager Notify a Friend E-mail When Cited Related Article PubMed Citation

In human tissues, normal homeostasis requires intricately balanced interactions between cells and the network of secreted proteins known as the extracellular matrix. These cooperative interactions involve numerous cytokines acting through specific cell-surface receptors. When the balance between the cells and the extracellular matrix is perturbed, disease can result. This is clearly evident in the interactions mediated by the cytokine transforming growth factor ß (TGF-ß).

TGF-ß is a member of a family of dimeric polypeptide growth factors that includes bone morphogenic proteins and activins. All of these growth factors share a cluster of conserved cysteine residues that form a common cysteine . . . [Full Text of this Article]

TGF-ß Signaling

Role of TGF-ß in Cancer

Cell-Cycle Regulation and Effects on Proliferation

Effects on Metastasis

Effects on Angiogenesis

Immunosuppressive Effects

TGF-ß as a Tumor Suppressor in Transgenic Mice

TGF-ß as a Tumor Suppressor in Human Cancer

Role of TGF-ß in Tumor Progression

Role of TGF-ß in Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia

Role of TGF-ß in Fibrotic Disease

Role of TGF-ß in Atherosclerosis

Role of TGF-ß in Development

Implications for the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Human Diseases

Implications for the Treatment of Human Diseases

Source Information

From the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge Mass. (G.C.B., W.P.S., H.F.L.); the Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Mass. (H.F.L.); and the Department of Adult Oncology, Dana–Farber Cancer Institute, and the Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (G.C.B.).

Address reprint requests to Dr. Lodish at the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 9 Cambridge Ctr., Cambridge, MA 02142, or at lodish@wi.mit.edu.

References

This article has been cited by other articles:

• Sheppard, D. (2008). The role of integrins in pulmonary fibrosis. ERR 17: 157-162 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Jeon, H.-S., Dracheva, T., Yang, S.-H., Meerzaman, D., Fukuoka, J., Shakoori, A., Shilo, K., Travis, W. D., Jen, J. (2008). SMAD6 Contributes to Patient Survival in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and Its Knockdown Reestablishes TGF-{beta} Homeostasis in Lung Cancer Cells. Cancer Res. 68: 9686-9692 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hohenstein, B., Daniel, C., Hausknecht, B., Boehmer, K., Riess, R., Amann, K. U., Hugo, C. P. M. (2008). Correlation of enhanced thrombospondin-1 expression, TGF-{beta} signalling and proteinuria in human type-2 diabetic nephropathy. Nephrol Dial Transplant 23: 3880-3887 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Zhang, P., Di, J.-Z., Zhu, Z.-Z., Wu, H.-M., Wang, Y., Zhu, G., Zheng, Q., Hou, L. (2008). Association of Transforming Growth Factor-beta 1 Polymorphisms with Genetic Susceptibility to TNM Stage I or II Gastric Cancer. Jpn J Clin Oncol 38: 861-866 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lee, Y.-H., Albig, A. R., Regner, M., Schiemann, B. J., Schiemann, W. P. (2008). Fibulin-5 initiates epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and enhances EMT induced by TGF-{beta} in mammary epithelial cells via a MMP-dependent mechanism. Carcinogenesis 29: 2243-2251 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lee, N. Y., Ray, B., How, T., Blobe, G. C. (2008). Endoglin Promotes Transforming Growth Factor {beta}-mediated Smad 1/5/8 Signaling and Inhibits Endothelial Cell Migration through Its Association with GIPC. J. Biol. Chem. 283: 32527-32533 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Zhao, W., Gomez, G., Yu, S.-H., Ryan, J. J., Schwartz, L. B. (2008). TGF-{beta}1 Attenuates Mediator Release and De Novo Kit Expression by Human Skin Mast Cells through a Smad-Dependent Pathway. J. Immunol. 181: 7263-7272 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kita, T., Hata, Y., Arita, R., Kawahara, S., Miura, M., Nakao, S., Mochizuki, Y., Enaida, H., Goto, Y., Shimokawa, H., Hafezi-Moghadam, A., Ishibashi, T. (2008). Role of TGF-{beta} in proliferative vitreoretinal diseases and ROCK as a therapeutic target. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 105: 17504-17509 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ichikawa, T., Sugiura, H., Koarai, A., Yanagisawa, S., Kanda, M., Hayata, A., Furukawa, K., Akamatsu, K., Hirano, T., Nakanishi, M., Matsunaga, K., Minakata, Y., Ichinose, M. (2008). Peroxynitrite augments fibroblast-mediated tissue remodeling via myofibroblast differentiation. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 295: L800-L808 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ahamed, J., Burg, N., Yoshinaga, K., Janczak, C. A., Rifkin, D. B., Coller, B. S. (2008). In vitro and in vivo evidence for shear-induced activation of latent transforming growth factor-{beta}1. Blood 112: 3650-3660 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Sgonc, R., Wick, G. (2008). Pro- and anti-fibrotic effects of TGF-{beta} in scleroderma. Rheumatology (Oxford) 47: v5-v7 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hull, M. L., Escareno, C. R., Godsland, J. M., Doig, J. R., Johnson, C. M., Phillips, S. C., Smith, S. K., Tavare, S., Print, C. G., Charnock-Jones, D. S. (2008). Endometrial-Peritoneal Interactions during Endometriotic Lesion Establishment. Am. J. Pathol. 173: 700-715 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Moore, L. D., Isayeva, T., Siegal, G. P., Ponnazhagan, S. (2008). Silencing of Transforming Growth Factor-{beta}1 In situ by RNA Interference for Breast Cancer: Implications for Proliferation and Migration In vitro and Metastasis In vivo. Clin. Cancer Res. 14: 4961-4970 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Bremer, L. A., Blackman, S. M., Vanscoy, L. L., McDougal, K. E., Bowers, A., Naughton, K. M., Cutler, D. J., Cutting, G. R. (2008). Interaction between a novel TGFB1 haplotype and CFTR genotype is associated with improved lung function in cystic fibrosis. Hum Mol Genet 17: 2228-2237 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Verona, E. V., Tang, Y., Millstead, T. K., Hinck, A. P., Agyin, J. K., Sun, L.-Z. (2008). Expression, purification and characterization of BGERII: a novel pan-TGF{beta} inhibitor. Protein Eng Des Sel 21: 463-473 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Shin, D.-M., Jeon, J.-H., Kim, C.-W., Cho, S.-Y., Lee, H.-J., Jang, G.-Y., Jeong, E. M., Lee, D.-S., Kang, J.-H., Melino, G., Park, S.-C., Kim, I.-G. (2008). TGF{beta} mediates activation of transglutaminase 2 in response to oxidative stress that leads to protein aggregation. FASEB J. 22: 2498-2507 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Yu, H., Konigshoff, M., Jayachandran, A., Handley, D., Seeger, W., Kaminski, N., Eickelberg, O. (2008). Transgelin is a direct target of TGF-{beta}/Smad3-dependent epithelial cell migration in lung fibrosis. FASEB J. 22: 1778-1789 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Fernandez, P., Trzaska, S., Wilder, T., Chiriboga, L., Blackburn, M. R., Cronstein, B. N., Chan, E. S. L. (2008). Pharmacological Blockade of A2A Receptors Prevents Dermal Fibrosis in a Model of Elevated Tissue Adenosine. Am. J. Pathol. 172: 1675-1682 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ghanei, M, Adibi, I, Farhat, F, Aslani, J (2008). Late respiratory effects of sulfur mustard: how is the early symptoms severity involved?. Chronic Respiratory Disease 5: 95-100 [Abstract]  
• Di Sabatino, A, Pickard, K M, Rampton, D, Kruidenier, L, Rovedatti, L, Leakey, N A B, Corazza, G R, Monteleone, G, MacDonald, T T (2008). Blockade of transforming growth factor {beta} upregulates T-box transcription factor T-bet, and increases T helper cell type 1 cytokine and matrix metalloproteinase-3 production in the human gut mucosa. Gut 57: 605-612 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Chen, Y., Kam, C. S. K., Liu, F. Q., Liu, Y., Lui, V. C. H., Lamb, J. R., Tam, P. K. H. (2008). LPS-induced up-regulation of TGF-{beta} receptor 1 is associated with TNF-{alpha} expression in human monocyte-derived macrophages. J. Leukoc. Biol. 83: 1165-1173 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Nishimura, H., Ito, Y., Mizuno, M., Tanaka, A., Morita, Y., Maruyama, S., Yuzawa, Y., Matsuo, S. (2008). Mineralocorticoid receptor blockade ameliorates peritoneal fibrosis in new rat peritonitis model. Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol. 294: F1084-F1093 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Di Bartolo, D. L., Cannon, M., Liu, Y.-F., Renne, R., Chadburn, A., Boshoff, C., Cesarman, E. (2008). KSHV LANA inhibits TGF-{beta} signaling through epigenetic silencing of the TGF-{beta} type II receptor. Blood 111: 4731-4740 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hu, C., Dandapat, A., Sun, L., Khan, J. A., Liu, Y., Hermonat, P. L., Mehta, J. L. (2008). Regulation of TGF{beta}1-mediated Collagen Formation by LOX-1: Studies Based on Forced Overexpression of TGF{beta}1 in Wild-Type and Lox-1. J. Biol. Chem. 283: 10226-10231 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Meran, S., Thomas, D. W., Stephens, P., Enoch, S., Martin, J., Steadman, R., Phillips, A. O. (2008). Hyaluronan Facilitates Transforming Growth Factor-{beta}1-mediated Fibroblast Proliferation. J. Biol. Chem. 283: 6530-6545 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Rodriguez, G. C., Rimel, B.J., Watkin, W., Turbov, J. M., Barry, C., Du, H., Maxwell, G. L., Cline, J.M. (2008). Progestin Treatment Induces Apoptosis and Modulates Transforming Growth Factor-{beta} in the Uterine Endometrium. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. 17: 578-584 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Yan Wen, , Zhao, Y.-Y., Polan, M. L., Chen, B. (2008). Effect of Relaxin on TGF-{beta}1 Expression in Cultured Vaginal Fibroblasts From Women With Stress Urinary Incontinence. Reproductive Sciences 15: 312-320 [Abstract]  
• Neil, J. R., Schiemann, W. P. (2008). Altered TAB1:I{kappa}B Kinase Interaction Promotes Transforming Growth Factor {beta}-Mediated Nuclear Factor-{kappa}B Activation during Breast Cancer Progression. Cancer Res. 68: 1462-1470 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Yamasaki, M., Kang, H.-R., Homer, R. J., Chapoval, S. P., Cho, S. J., Lee, B. J., Elias, J. A., Lee, C. G. (2008). P21 Regulates TGF-{beta}1-Induced Pulmonary Responses via a TNF-{alpha}-Signaling Pathway. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Bio. 38: 346-353 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Chen, G., Han, G., Wang, J., Wang, R., Xu, R., Shen, B., Qian, J., Li, Y. (2008). Essential roles of TGF-{beta} in anti-CD3 antibody therapy: reversal of diabetes in nonobese diabetic mice independent of Foxp3+CD4+ regulatory T cells. J. Leukoc. Biol. 83: 280-287 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Gordon, K. J., Dong, M., Chislock, E. M., Fields, T. A., Blobe, G. C. (2008). Loss of type III transforming growth factor {beta} receptor expression increases motility and invasiveness associated with epithelial to mesenchymal transition during pancreatic cancer progression. Carcinogenesis 29: 252-262 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• You, H. J., Bruinsma, M. W., How, T., Ostrander, J. H., Blobe, G. C. (2007). The type III TGF- receptor signals through both Smad3 and the p38 MAP kinase pathways to contribute to inhibition of cell proliferation. Carcinogenesis 28: 2491-2500 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Tong, X.-K., Hamel, E. (2007). Transforming Growth Factor-beta1 Impairs Endothelin-1-Mediated Contraction of Brain Vessels by Inducing Mitogen-Activated Protein (MAP) Kinase Phosphatase-1 and Inhibiting p38 MAP Kinase. Mol. Pharmacol. 72: 1476-1483 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Vannini, N., Lorusso, G., Cammarota, R., Barberis, M., Noonan, D. M., Sporn, M. B., Albini, A. (2007). The synthetic oleanane triterpenoid, CDDO-methyl ester, is a potent antiangiogenic agent. Molecular Cancer Therapeutics 6: 3139-3146 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Nortier, J. L., del Marmol, V. (2007). Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis the need for a multidisciplinary approach. Nephrol Dial Transplant 22: 3097-3101 [Full Text]  
• Decologne, N., Kolb, M., Margetts, P. J., Menetrier, F., Artur, Y., Garrido, C., Gauldie, J., Camus, P., Bonniaud, P. (2007). TGF-beta1 Induces Progressive Pleural Scarring and Subpleural Fibrosis. J. Immunol. 179: 6043-6051 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Vayalil, P. K., Iles, K. E., Choi, J., Yi, A.-K., Postlethwait, E. M., Liu, R.-M. (2007). Glutathione suppresses TGF-beta-induced PAI-1 expression by inhibiting p38 and JNK MAPK and the binding of AP-1, SP-1, and Smad to the PAI-1 promoter. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 293: L1281-L1292 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Murphy, S. J., Shapira, K. E., Henis, Y. I., Leof, E. B. (2007). A Unique Element in the Cytoplasmic Tail of the Type II Transforming Growth Factor-beta Receptor Controls Basolateral Delivery. Mol. Biol. Cell 18: 3788-3799 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Wrzesinski, S. H., Wan, Y. Y., Flavell, R. A. (2007). Transforming Growth Factor-{beta} and the Immune Response: Implications for Anticancer Therapy. Clin. Cancer Res. 13: 5262-5270 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Chen, Q., Sivakumar, P., Barley, C., Peters, D. M., Gomes, R. R., Farach-Carson, M. C., Dallas, S. L. (2007). Potential Role for Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans in Regulation of Transforming Growth Factor-beta (TGF-beta) by Modulating Assembly of Latent TGF-beta-binding Protein-1. J. Biol. Chem. 282: 26418-26430 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Warren, J. E., Silver, R. M., Dalton, J., Nelson, L. T., Branch, D. W., Porter, T. F. (2007). Collagen 1A1 and Transforming Growth Factor-{beta} Polymorphisms in Women With Cervical Insufficiency. Obstet Gynecol 110: 619-624 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Maffia, P. C., Zittermann, S. E., Scimone, M. L., Tateosian, N., Amiano, N., Guerrieri, D., Lutzky, V., Rosso, D., Romeo, H. E., Garcia, V. E., Issekutz, A. C., Chuluyan, H. E. (2007). Neutrophil Elastase Converts Human Immature Dendritic Cells into Transforming Growth Factor-{beta}1-Secreting Cells and Reduces Allostimulatory Ability. Am. J. Pathol. 171: 928-937 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hu, C.-P., Dandapat, A., Liu, Y., Hermonat, P. L., Mehta, J. L. (2007). Blockade of hypoxia-reoxygenation-mediated collagen type I expression and MMP activity by overexpression of TGF-beta1 delivered by AAV in mouse cardiomyocytes. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 293: H1833-H1838 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lee, N. Y., Blobe, G. C. (2007). The Interaction of Endoglin with beta-Arrestin2 Regulates Transforming Growth Factor-beta-mediated ERK Activation and Migration in Endothelial Cells. J. Biol. Chem. 282: 21507-21517 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Nagano, Y., Mavrakis, K. J., Lee, K. L., Fujii, T., Koinuma, D., Sase, H., Yuki, K., Isogaya, K., Saitoh, M., Imamura, T., Episkopou, V., Miyazono, K., Miyazawa, K. (2007). Arkadia Induces Degradation of SnoN and c-Ski to Enhance Transforming Growth Factor-beta Signaling. J. Biol. Chem. 282: 20492-20501 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kline, J. N. (2007). Eat Dirt: CpG DNA and Immunomodulation of Asthma. Proc Am Thorac Soc 4: 283-288 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Verona, E. V., Elkahloun, A. G., Yang, J., Bandyopadhyay, A., Yeh, I-T., Sun, L.-Z. (2007). Transforming Growth Factor-{beta} Signaling in Prostate Stromal Cells Supports Prostate Carcinoma Growth by Up-regulating Stromal Genes Related to Tissue Remodeling. Cancer Res. 67: 5737-5746 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Chen, G., Ghosh, P., Osawa, H., Sasaki, C. Y., Rezanka, L., Yang, J., O'Farrell, T. J., Longo, D. L. (2007). Resistance to TGF-{beta}1 correlates with aberrant expression of TGF-{beta} receptor II in human B-cell lymphoma cell lines. Blood 109: 5301-5307 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Naumnik, B., Borawski, J., Pawlak, K., Mysliwiec, M. (2007). Enoxaparin but not unfractionated heparin causes a dose-dependent increase in plasma TGF-{beta}1 during haemodialysis: a cross-over study. Nephrol Dial Transplant 22: 1690-1696 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• O'Connor, J. C., Farach-Carson, M. C., Schneider, C. J., Carson, D. D. (2007). Coculture with Prostate Cancer Cells Alters Endoglin Expression and Attenuates Transforming Growth Factor-{beta} Signaling in Reactive Bone Marrow Stromal Cells. Mol Cancer Res 5: 585-603 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Poncelet, A.-C., Schnaper, H. W., Tan, R., Liu, Y., Runyan, C. E. (2007). Cell Phenotype-specific Down-regulation of Smad3 Involves Decreased Gene Activation as Well as Protein Degradation. J. Biol. Chem. 282: 15534-15540 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Scherner, O., Meurer, S. K., Tihaa, L., Gressner, A. M., Weiskirchen, R. (2007). Endoglin Differentially Modulates Antagonistic Transforming Growth Factor-beta1 and BMP-7 Signaling. J. Biol. Chem. 282: 13934-13943 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Castanares, C., Redondo-Horcajo, M., Magan-Marchal, N., ten Dijke, P., Lamas, S., Rodriguez-Pascual, F. (2007). Signaling by ALK5 mediates TGF-beta-induced ET-1 expression in endothelial cells: a role for migration and proliferation. J. Cell Sci. 120: 1256-1266 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Turley, R. S., Finger, E. C., Hempel, N., How, T., Fields, T. A., Blobe, G. C. (2007). The Type III Transforming Growth Factor-{beta} Receptor as a Novel Tumor Suppressor Gene in Prostate Cancer. Cancer Res. 67: 1090-1098 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Gonzalez, A. V., Le Bellego, F., Ludwig, M. S. (2007). Imbalance of Receptor-Regulated and Inhibitory Smads in Lung Fibroblasts from Bleomycin-Exposed Rats. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Bio. 36: 206-212 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kapur, N. K., Deming, C. B., Kapur, S., Bian, C., Champion, H. C., Donahue, J. K., Kass, D. A., Rade, J. J. (2007). Hemodynamic Modulation of Endocardial Thromboresistance. Circulation 115: 67-75 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Juarez, P., Vilchis-Landeros, M. M., Ponce-Coria, J., Mendoza, V., Hernandez-Pando, R., Bobadilla, N. A., Lopez-Casillas, F. (2007). Soluble betaglycan reduces renal damage progression in db/db mice. Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol. 292: F321-F329 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Melke, P., Jonsson, H., Pardali, E., ten Dijke, P., Peterson, C. (2006). A Rate Equation Approach to Elucidate the Kinetics and Robustness of the TGF-{beta} Pathway. Biophys. J 91: 4368-4380 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lowe, E. L., Doherty, T. M., Karahashi, H., Arditi, M. (2006). Review: Ubiquitination and de-ubiquitination: role in regulation of signaling by Toll-like receptors. Innate Immunity 12: 337-345 [Abstract]  
• Jungert, K., Buck, A., Buchholz, M., Wagner, M., Adler, G., Gress, T. M., Ellenrieder, V. (2006). Smad-Sp1 complexes mediate TGF{beta}-induced early transcription of oncogenic Smad7 in pancreatic cancer cells. Carcinogenesis 27: 2392-2401 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Said, S. I. (2006). Mediators and modulators of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 291: L547-L558 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Beghe, B., Bazzan, E., Baraldo, S., Calabrese, F., Rea, F., Loy, M., Maestrelli, P., Zuin, R., Fabbri, L. M., Saetta, M. (2006). Transforming growth factor-{beta} type II receptor in pulmonary arteries of patients with very severe COPD. Eur Respir J 28: 556-562 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hayashida, K., Johnston, D. R., Goldberger, O., Park, P. W. (2006). Syndecan-1 Expression in Epithelial Cells Is Induced by Transforming Growth Factor beta through a PKA-dependent Pathway. J. Biol. Chem. 281: 24365-24374 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Volkova, N., McClellan, W., Soucie, J. M., Schoolwerth, A. (2006). Racial disparities in the prevalence of cardiovascular disease among incident end-stage renal disease patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 21: 2202-2209 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Chen, S.-J., Ning, H., Ishida, W., Sodin-Semrl, S., Takagawa, S., Mori, Y., Varga, J. (2006). The Early-Immediate Gene EGR-1 Is Induced by Transforming Growth Factor-beta and Mediates Stimulation of Collagen Gene Expression. J. Biol. Chem. 281: 21183-21197 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Dong, M., Blobe, G. C. (2006). Role of transforming growth factor-beta in hematologic malignancies. Blood 107: 4589-4596 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Pimanda, J. E., Chan, W.Y. I., Donaldson, I. J., Bowen, M., Green, A. R., Gottgens, B. (2006). Endoglin expression in the endothelium is regulated by Fli-1, Erg, and Elf-1 acting on the promoter and a -8-kb enhancer. Blood 107: 4737-4745 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Tsuchiya, N., Wang, L., Suzuki, H., Segawa, T., Fukuda, H., Narita, S., Shimbo, M., Kamoto, T., Mitsumori, K., Ichikawa, T., Ogawa, O., Nakamura, A., Habuchi, T. (2006). Impact of IGF-I and CYP19 Gene Polymorphisms on the Survival of Patients With Metastatic Prostate Cancer. JCO 24: 1982-1989 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Karagiannidis, C., Velehorschi, V., Obertrifter, B., Macha, H.-N., Linder, A., Freitag, L. (2006). High-Level Expression of Matrix-Associated Transforming Growth Factor-{beta}1 in Benign Airway Stenosis. Chest 129: 1298-1304 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Sugiura, H., Liu, X., Kobayashi, T., Togo, S., Ertl, R. F., Kawasaki, S., Kamio, K., Wang, X. Q., Mao, L., Shen, L., Hogaboam, C. M., Rennard, S. I. (2006). Reactive Nitrogen Species Augment Fibroblast-Mediated Collagen Gel Contraction, Mediator Production, and Chemotaxis. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Bio. 34: 592-599 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Koch, W., Hoppmann, P., Mueller, J. C., Schomig, A., Kastrati, A. (2006). Association of Transforming Growth Factor-{beta}1 Gene Polymorphisms With Myocardial Infarction in Patients With Angiographically Proven Coronary Heart Disease. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Bio. 26: 1114-1119 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Meyer-ter-Vehn, T., Gebhardt, S., Sebald, W., Buttmann, M., Grehn, F., Schlunck, G., Knaus, P. (2006). p38 Inhibitors Prevent TGF-{beta}-Induced Myofibroblast Transdifferentiation in Human Tenon Fibroblasts.. IOVS 47: 1500-1509 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Luo, X., Ding, L., Chegini, N. (2006). CCNs, fibulin-1C and S100A4 expression in leiomyoma and myometrium: inverse association with TGF-{beta} and regulation by TGF-{beta} in leiomyoma and myometrial smooth muscle cells. Mol Hum Reprod 12: 245-256 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Horowitz, J. C., Cui, Z., Moore, T. A., Meier, T. R., Reddy, R. C., Toews, G. B., Standiford, T. J., Thannickal, V. J. (2006). Constitutive activation of prosurvival signaling in alveolar mesenchymal cells isolated from patients with nonresolving acute respiratory distress syndrome. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 290: L415-L425 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kempf, T., Eden, M., Strelau, J., Naguib, M., Willenbockel, C., Tongers, J., Heineke, J., Kotlarz, D., Xu, J., Molkentin, J. D., Niessen, H. W., Drexler, H., Wollert, K. C. (2006). The Transforming Growth Factor-{beta} Superfamily Member Growth-Differentiation Factor-15 Protects the Heart From Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. Circ. Res. 98: 351-360 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Miller, M., Cho, J. Y., McElwain, K., McElwain, S., Shim, J. Y., Manni, M., Baek, J. S., Broide, D. H. (2006). Corticosteroids prevent myofibroblast accumulation and airway remodeling in mice. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 290: L162-L169 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Huang, S. A., Mulcahey, M. A., Crescenzi, A., Chung, M., Kim, B. W., Barnes, C., Kuijt, W., Turano, H., Harney, J., Larsen, P. R. (2005). Transforming Growth Factor-{beta} Promotes Inactivation of Extracellular Thyroid Hormones via Transcriptional Stimulation of Type 3 Iodothyronine Deiodinase. Mol. Endocrinol. 19: 3126-3136 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Baraldo, S, Bazzan, E, Turato, G, Calabrese, F, Beghe, B, Papi, A, Maestrelli, P, Fabbri, L M, Zuin, R, Saetta, M (2005). Decreased expression of TGF-{beta} type II receptor in bronchial glands of smokers with COPD. Thorax 60: 998-1002 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Dziadzio, M., Smith, R. E., Abraham, D. J., Black, C. M., Denton, C. P. (2005). Circulating levels of active transforming growth factor {beta}1 are reduced in diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis and correlate inversely with the modified Rodnan skin score. Rheumatology (Oxford) 44: 1518-1524 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Sweet, K., Willis, J., Zhou, X.-P., Gallione, C., Sawada, T., Alhopuro, P., Khoo, S. K., Patocs, A., Martin, C., Bridgeman, S., Heinz, J., Pilarski, R., Lehtonen, R., Prior, T. W., Frebourg, T., Teh, B. T., Marchuk, D. A., Aaltonen, L. A., Eng, C. (2005). Molecular Classification of Patients With Unexplained Hamartomatous and Hyperplastic Polyposis. JAMA 294: 2465-2473 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Fontana, L., Chen, Y., Prijatelj, P., Sakai, T., Fassler, R., Sakai, L. Y., Rifkin, D. B. (2005). Fibronectin is required for integrin {alpha}v{beta}6-mediated activation of latent TGF-{beta} complexes containing LTBP-1. FASEB J. 19: 1798-1808 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lai, Y.-M., Fukuda, N., Ueno, T., Matsuda, H., Saito, S., Matsumoto, K., Ayame, H., Bando, T., Sugiyama, H., Mugishima, H., Serie, K. (2005). Synthetic Pyrrole-Imidazole Polyamide Inhibits Expression of the Human Transforming Growth Factor-{beta}1 Gene. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 315: 571-575 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Bonniaud, P., Margetts, P. J., Ask, K., Flanders, K., Gauldie, J., Kolb, M. (2005). TGF-{beta} and Smad3 Signaling Link Inflammation to Chronic Fibrogenesis. J. Immunol. 175: 5390-5395 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Drumm, M. L., Konstan, M. W., Schluchter, M. D., Handler, A., Pace, R., Zou, F., Zariwala, M., Fargo, D., Xu, A., Dunn, J. M., Darrah, R. J., Dorfman, R., Sandford, A. J., Corey, M., Zielenski, J., Durie, P., Goddard, K., Yankaskas, J. R., Wright, F. A., Knowles, M. R., the Gene Modifier Study Group, (2005). Genetic Modifiers of Lung Disease in Cystic Fibrosis. NEJM 353: 1443-1453 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Haston, C. K., Hudson, T. J. (2005). Finding Genetic Modifiers of Cystic Fibrosis. NEJM 353: 1509-1511 [Full Text]  
• Van Berlo, J.H., Voncken, J.W., Kubben, N., Broers, J.L.V., Duisters, R., van Leeuwen, R.E.W., Crijns, H.J.G.M., Ramaekers, F.C.S., Hutchison, C.J., Pinto, Y.M. (2005). A-type lamins are essential for TGF-{beta}1 induced PP2A to dephosphorylate transcription factors. Hum Mol Genet 14: 2839-2849 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Oen, K., Malleson, P. N., Cabral, D. A., Rosenberg, A. M., Petty, R. E., Nickerson, P., Reed, M. (2005). Cytokine genotypes correlate with pain and radiologically defined joint damage in patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 44: 1115-1121 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Sista, A. K., O'Connell, M. K., Hinohara, T., Oommen, S. S., Fenster, B. E., Glassford, A. J., Schwartz, E. A., Taylor, C. A., Reaven, G. M., Tsao, P. S. (2005). Increased aortic stiffness in the insulin-resistant Zucker fa/fa rat. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 289: H845-H851 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Mattey, D L, Nixon, N, Dawes, P T, Kerr, J (2005). Association of polymorphism in the transforming growth factor {beta}1 gene with disease outcome and mortality in rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 64: 1190-1194 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Pannu, H., Fadulu, V. T., Chang, J., Lafont, A., Hasham, S. N., Sparks, E., Giampietro, P. F., Zaleski, C., Estrera, A. L., Safi, H. J., Shete, S., Willing, M. C., Raman, C.S., Milewicz, D. M. (2005). Mutations in Transforming Growth Factor-{beta} Receptor Type II Cause Familial Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms and Dissections. Circulation 112: 513-520 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Gebhardt, T, Lorentz, A, Detmer, F, Trautwein, C, Bektas, H, Manns, M P, Bischoff, S C (2005). Growth, phenotype, and function of human intestinal mast cells are tightly regulated by transforming growth factor {beta}1. Gut 54: 928-934 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Gomez, G., Ramirez, C. D., Rivera, J., Patel, M., Norozian, F., Wright, H. V., Kashyap, M. V., Barnstein, B. O., Fischer-Stenger, K., Schwartz, L. B., Kepley, C. L., Ryan, J. J. (2005). TGF-{beta}1 Inhibits Mast Cell Fc{epsilon}RI Expression. J. Immunol. 174: 5987-5993 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kobayashi, K., Yokote, K., Fujimoto, M., Yamashita, K., Sakamoto, A., Kitahara, M., Kawamura, H., Maezawa, Y., Asaumi, S., Tokuhisa, T., Mori, S., Saito, Y. (2005). Targeted Disruption of TGF-{beta}-Smad3 Signaling Leads to Enhanced Neointimal Hyperplasia With Diminished Matrix Deposition in Response to Vascular Injury. Circ. Res. 96: 904-912 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• van der Paardt, M, Crusius, J B A, Garcia-Gonzalez, M A, Dijkmans, B A C, Pena, A S, van der Horst-Bruinsma, I E (2005). Susceptibility to ankylosing spondylitis: no evidence for the involvement of transforming growth factor {beta}1 (TGFB1) gene polymorphisms. Ann Rheum Dis 64: 616-619 [Abstract] [Full Text]