FREE NEJM E-TOC    HOME   |   SUBSCRIBE   |   CURRENT ISSUE   |   PAST ISSUES   |   COLLECTIONS   |   Search Term  Advanced Search

Sign in | Get NEJM's E-Mail Table of Contents — Free | Subscribe

Previous Volume 342:1350-1358 May 4, 2000 Number 18 Next

	Since this article has no abstract, we have provided an extract of the first 100 words of the full text and any section headings.

	Full Text PDF Purchase this article Add to Personal Archive Add to Citation Manager Notify a Friend E-mail When Cited Related Article PubMed Citation

In human tissues, normal homeostasis requires intricately balanced interactions between cells and the network of secreted proteins known as the extracellular matrix. These cooperative interactions involve numerous cytokines acting through specific cell-surface receptors. When the balance between the cells and the extracellular matrix is perturbed, disease can result. This is clearly evident in the interactions mediated by the cytokine transforming growth factor ß (TGF-ß).

TGF-ß is a member of a family of dimeric polypeptide growth factors that includes bone morphogenic proteins and activins. All of these growth factors share a cluster of conserved cysteine residues that form a common cysteine . . . [Full Text of this Article]

TGF-ß Signaling

Role of TGF-ß in Cancer

Cell-Cycle Regulation and Effects on Proliferation

Effects on Metastasis

Effects on Angiogenesis

Immunosuppressive Effects

TGF-ß as a Tumor Suppressor in Transgenic Mice

TGF-ß as a Tumor Suppressor in Human Cancer

Role of TGF-ß in Tumor Progression

Role of TGF-ß in Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia

Role of TGF-ß in Fibrotic Disease

Role of TGF-ß in Atherosclerosis

Role of TGF-ß in Development

Implications for the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Human Diseases

Implications for the Treatment of Human Diseases

Source Information

From the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge Mass. (G.C.B., W.P.S., H.F.L.); the Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Mass. (H.F.L.); and the Department of Adult Oncology, Dana–Farber Cancer Institute, and the Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (G.C.B.).

Address reprint requests to Dr. Lodish at the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 9 Cambridge Ctr., Cambridge, MA 02142, or at lodish@wi.mit.edu.

References

This article has been cited by other articles:

• Wendt, M. K., Smith, J. A., Schiemann, W. P. (2009). p130Cas Is Required for Mammary Tumor Growth and Transforming Growth Factor-{beta}-mediated Metastasis through Regulation of Smad2/3 Activity. J. Biol. Chem. 284: 34145-34156 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Norian, J. M., Malik, M., Parker, C. Y., Joseph, D., Leppert, P. C., Segars, J. H., Catherino, W. H. (2009). Transforming Growth Factor {beta}3 Regulates the Versican Variants in the Extracellular Matrix-Rich Uterine Leiomyomas. Reproductive Sciences 16: 1153-1164 [Abstract]  
• Foley, P. W.X., Stegemann, B., Ng, K., Ramachandran, S., Proudler, A., Frenneaux, M. P., Ng, L. L., Leyva, F. (2009). Growth differentiation factor-15 predicts mortality and morbidity after cardiac resynchronization therapy. Eur Heart J 30: 2749-2757 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lee, N. Y., Haney, J. C., Sogani, J., Blobe, G. C. (2009). Casein kinase 2{beta} as a novel enhancer of activin-like receptor-1 signaling. FASEB J. 23: 3712-3721 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kassiri, Z., Defamie, V., Hariri, M., Oudit, G. Y., Anthwal, S., Dawood, F., Liu, P., Khokha, R. (2009). Simultaneous Transforming Growth Factor {beta}-Tumor Necrosis Factor Activation and Cross-talk Cause Aberrant Remodeling Response and Myocardial Fibrosis in Timp3-deficient Heart. J. Biol. Chem. 284: 29893-29904 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Nishimura, S. L. (2009). Integrin-Mediated Transforming Growth Factor-{beta} Activation, a Potential Therapeutic Target in Fibrogenic Disorders. Am. J. Pathol. 175: 1362-1370 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Wang, Z., Birch, C. M., Sagotsky, J., Deisboeck, T. S. (2009). Cross-scale, cross-pathway evaluation using an agent-based non-small cell lung cancer model. Bioinformatics 25: 2389-2396 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Thomas, B. J., Lindsay, M., Dagher, H., Freezer, N. J., Li, D., Ghildyal, R., Bardin, P. G. (2009). Transforming Growth Factor-{beta} Enhances Rhinovirus Infection by Diminishing Early Innate Responses. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Bio. 41: 339-347 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Sinuani, I., Weissgarten, J., Beberashvili, I., Rapoport, M. J., Sandbank, J., Feldman, L., Albeck, M., Averbukh, Z., Sredni, B. (2009). The cyclin kinase inhibitor p57kip2 regulates TGF-{beta}-induced compensatory tubular hypertrophy: effect of the immunomodulator AS101. Nephrol Dial Transplant 24: 2328-2338 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lin, X., Yu, M., Wu, K., Yuan, H., Zhong, H. (2009). Effects of Pirfenidone on Proliferation, Migration, and Collagen Contraction of Human Tenon's Fibroblasts In Vitro. IOVS 50: 3763-3770 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Li, X., McFarland, D. C., Velleman, S. G. (2009). Transforming growth factor-{beta}1-induced satellite cell apoptosis in chickens is associated with {beta}1 integrin-mediated focal adhesion kinase activation. Poult. Sci. 88: 1725-1734 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• You, H. J., How, T., Blobe, G. C. (2009). The type III transforming growth factor-{beta} receptor negatively regulates nuclear factor kappa B signaling through its interaction with {beta}-arrestin2. Carcinogenesis 30: 1281-1287 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Yuan, X., Liao, Z., Liu, Z., Wang, L.-E, Tucker, S. L., Mao, L., Wang, X. S., Martel, M., Komaki, R., Cox, J. D., Milas, L., Wei, Q. (2009). Single Nucleotide Polymorphism at rs1982073:T869C of the TGF{beta}1 Gene Is Associated With the Risk of Radiation Pneumonitis in Patients With Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Treated With Definitive Radiotherapy. JCO 27: 3370-3378 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Sugiura, H., Ichikawa, T., Koarai, A., Yanagisawa, S., Minakata, Y., Matsunaga, K., Hirano, T., Akamatsu, K., Ichinose, M. (2009). Activation of Toll-Like Receptor 3 Augments Myofibroblast Differentiation. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Bio. 40: 654-662 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Carvajal-Gonzalez, J. M., Roman, A. C., Cerezo-Guisado, M. I., Rico-Leo, E. M., Martin-Partido, G., Fernandez-Salguero, P. M. (2009). Loss of dioxin-receptor expression accelerates wound healing in vivo by a mechanism involving TGF{beta}. J. Cell Sci. 122: 1823-1833 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Togo, S., Liu, X., Wang, X., Sugiura, H., Kamio, K., Kawasaki, S., Kobayashi, T., Ertl, R. F., Ahn, Y., Holz, O., Magnussen, H., Fredriksson, K., Skold, C. M., Rennard, S. I. (2009). PDE4 inhibitors roflumilast and rolipram augment PGE2 inhibition of TGF-{beta}1-stimulated fibroblasts. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 296: L959-L969 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Vitsky, A., Waire, J., Pawliuk, R., Bond, A., Matthews, D., LaCasse, E., Hawes, M. L., Nelson, C., Richards, S., Piepenhagen, P. A., Garman, R. D., Andrews, L., Thurberg, B. L., Lonning, S., Ledbetter, S., Ruzek, M. C. (2009). Homeostatic Role of Transforming Growth Factor-{beta} in the Oral Cavity and Esophagus of Mice and Its Expression by Mast Cells in These Tissues. Am. J. Pathol. 174: 2137-2149 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Karydis, A., Jimenez-Vidal, M., Denker, S. P., Barber, D. L. (2009). Mislocalized Scaffolding by the Na-H Exchanger NHE1 Dominantly Inhibits Fibronectin Production and TGF-{beta} Activation. Mol. Biol. Cell 20: 2327-2336 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Yndestad, A., Larsen, K.-O., Oie, E., Ueland, T., Smith, C., Halvorsen, B., Sjaastad, I., Skjonsberg, O. H., Pedersen, T. M., Anfinsen, O.-G., Damas, J. K., Christensen, G., Aukrust, P., Andreassen, A. K. (2009). Elevated levels of activin A in clinical and experimental pulmonary hypertension. J. Appl. Physiol. 106: 1356-1364 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Grutter, C., Wilkinson, T., Turner, R., Podichetty, S., Finch, D., McCourt, M., Loning, S., Jermutus, L., Grutter, M. G. (2008). A cytokine-neutralizing antibody as a structural mimetic of 2 receptor interactions. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 105: 20251-20256 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Sheppard, D. (2008). The role of integrins in pulmonary fibrosis. ERR 17: 157-162 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Jeon, H.-S., Dracheva, T., Yang, S.-H., Meerzaman, D., Fukuoka, J., Shakoori, A., Shilo, K., Travis, W. D., Jen, J. (2008). SMAD6 Contributes to Patient Survival in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and Its Knockdown Reestablishes TGF-{beta} Homeostasis in Lung Cancer Cells. Cancer Res. 68: 9686-9692 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hohenstein, B., Daniel, C., Hausknecht, B., Boehmer, K., Riess, R., Amann, K. U., Hugo, C. P. M. (2008). Correlation of enhanced thrombospondin-1 expression, TGF-{beta} signalling and proteinuria in human type-2 diabetic nephropathy. Nephrol Dial Transplant 23: 3880-3887 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Zhang, P., Di, J.-Z., Zhu, Z.-Z., Wu, H.-M., Wang, Y., Zhu, G., Zheng, Q., Hou, L. (2008). Association of Transforming Growth Factor-beta 1 Polymorphisms with Genetic Susceptibility to TNM Stage I or II Gastric Cancer. Jpn J Clin Oncol 38: 861-866 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lee, Y.-H., Albig, A. R., Regner, M., Schiemann, B. J., Schiemann, W. P. (2008). Fibulin-5 initiates epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and enhances EMT induced by TGF-{beta} in mammary epithelial cells via a MMP-dependent mechanism. Carcinogenesis 29: 2243-2251 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lee, N. Y., Ray, B., How, T., Blobe, G. C. (2008). Endoglin Promotes Transforming Growth Factor {beta}-mediated Smad 1/5/8 Signaling and Inhibits Endothelial Cell Migration through Its Association with GIPC. J. Biol. Chem. 283: 32527-32533 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Zhao, W., Gomez, G., Yu, S.-H., Ryan, J. J., Schwartz, L. B. (2008). TGF-{beta}1 Attenuates Mediator Release and De Novo Kit Expression by Human Skin Mast Cells through a Smad-Dependent Pathway. J. Immunol. 181: 7263-7272 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kita, T., Hata, Y., Arita, R., Kawahara, S., Miura, M., Nakao, S., Mochizuki, Y., Enaida, H., Goto, Y., Shimokawa, H., Hafezi-Moghadam, A., Ishibashi, T. (2008). Role of TGF-{beta} in proliferative vitreoretinal diseases and ROCK as a therapeutic target. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 105: 17504-17509 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ichikawa, T., Sugiura, H., Koarai, A., Yanagisawa, S., Kanda, M., Hayata, A., Furukawa, K., Akamatsu, K., Hirano, T., Nakanishi, M., Matsunaga, K., Minakata, Y., Ichinose, M. (2008). Peroxynitrite augments fibroblast-mediated tissue remodeling via myofibroblast differentiation. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 295: L800-L808 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ahamed, J., Burg, N., Yoshinaga, K., Janczak, C. A., Rifkin, D. B., Coller, B. S. (2008). In vitro and in vivo evidence for shear-induced activation of latent transforming growth factor-{beta}1. Blood 112: 3650-3660 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Sgonc, R., Wick, G. (2008). Pro- and anti-fibrotic effects of TGF-{beta} in scleroderma. Rheumatology (Oxford) 47: v5-v7 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hull, M. L., Escareno, C. R., Godsland, J. M., Doig, J. R., Johnson, C. M., Phillips, S. C., Smith, S. K., Tavare, S., Print, C. G., Charnock-Jones, D. S. (2008). Endometrial-Peritoneal Interactions during Endometriotic Lesion Establishment. Am. J. Pathol. 173: 700-715 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Moore, L. D., Isayeva, T., Siegal, G. P., Ponnazhagan, S. (2008). Silencing of Transforming Growth Factor-{beta}1 In situ by RNA Interference for Breast Cancer: Implications for Proliferation and Migration In vitro and Metastasis In vivo. Clin. Cancer Res. 14: 4961-4970 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Bremer, L. A., Blackman, S. M., Vanscoy, L. L., McDougal, K. E., Bowers, A., Naughton, K. M., Cutler, D. J., Cutting, G. R. (2008). Interaction between a novel TGFB1 haplotype and CFTR genotype is associated with improved lung function in cystic fibrosis. Hum Mol Genet 17: 2228-2237 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Verona, E. V., Tang, Y., Millstead, T. K., Hinck, A. P., Agyin, J. K., Sun, L.-Z. (2008). Expression, purification and characterization of BGERII: a novel pan-TGF{beta} inhibitor. Protein Eng Des Sel 21: 463-473 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Shin, D.-M., Jeon, J.-H., Kim, C.-W., Cho, S.-Y., Lee, H.-J., Jang, G.-Y., Jeong, E. M., Lee, D.-S., Kang, J.-H., Melino, G., Park, S.-C., Kim, I.-G. (2008). TGF{beta} mediates activation of transglutaminase 2 in response to oxidative stress that leads to protein aggregation. FASEB J. 22: 2498-2507 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Yu, H., Konigshoff, M., Jayachandran, A., Handley, D., Seeger, W., Kaminski, N., Eickelberg, O. (2008). Transgelin is a direct target of TGF-{beta}/Smad3-dependent epithelial cell migration in lung fibrosis. FASEB J. 22: 1778-1789 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Fernandez, P., Trzaska, S., Wilder, T., Chiriboga, L., Blackburn, M. R., Cronstein, B. N., Chan, E. S. L. (2008). Pharmacological Blockade of A2A Receptors Prevents Dermal Fibrosis in a Model of Elevated Tissue Adenosine. Am. J. Pathol. 172: 1675-1682 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ghanei, M, Adibi, I, Farhat, F, Aslani, J (2008). Late respiratory effects of sulfur mustard: how is the early symptoms severity involved?. Chronic Respiratory Disease 5: 95-100 [Abstract]  
• Di Sabatino, A, Pickard, K M, Rampton, D, Kruidenier, L, Rovedatti, L, Leakey, N A B, Corazza, G R, Monteleone, G, MacDonald, T T (2008). Blockade of transforming growth factor {beta} upregulates T-box transcription factor T-bet, and increases T helper cell type 1 cytokine and matrix metalloproteinase-3 production in the human gut mucosa. Gut 57: 605-612 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Chen, Y., Kam, C. S. K., Liu, F. Q., Liu, Y., Lui, V. C. H., Lamb, J. R., Tam, P. K. H. (2008). LPS-induced up-regulation of TGF-{beta} receptor 1 is associated with TNF-{alpha} expression in human monocyte-derived macrophages. J. Leukoc. Biol. 83: 1165-1173 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Nishimura, H., Ito, Y., Mizuno, M., Tanaka, A., Morita, Y., Maruyama, S., Yuzawa, Y., Matsuo, S. (2008). Mineralocorticoid receptor blockade ameliorates peritoneal fibrosis in new rat peritonitis model. Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol. 294: F1084-F1093 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Di Bartolo, D. L., Cannon, M., Liu, Y.-F., Renne, R., Chadburn, A., Boshoff, C., Cesarman, E. (2008). KSHV LANA inhibits TGF-{beta} signaling through epigenetic silencing of the TGF-{beta} type II receptor. Blood 111: 4731-4740 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hu, C., Dandapat, A., Sun, L., Khan, J. A., Liu, Y., Hermonat, P. L., Mehta, J. L. (2008). Regulation of TGF{beta}1-mediated Collagen Formation by LOX-1: Studies Based on Forced Overexpression of TGF{beta}1 in Wild-Type and Lox-1. J. Biol. Chem. 283: 10226-10231 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Meran, S., Thomas, D. W., Stephens, P., Enoch, S., Martin, J., Steadman, R., Phillips, A. O. (2008). Hyaluronan Facilitates Transforming Growth Factor-{beta}1-mediated Fibroblast Proliferation. J. Biol. Chem. 283: 6530-6545 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Rodriguez, G. C., Rimel, B.J., Watkin, W., Turbov, J. M., Barry, C., Du, H., Maxwell, G. L., Cline, J.M. (2008). Progestin Treatment Induces Apoptosis and Modulates Transforming Growth Factor-{beta} in the Uterine Endometrium. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. 17: 578-584 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Yan Wen, , Zhao, Y.-Y., Polan, M. L., Chen, B. (2008). Effect of Relaxin on TGF-{beta}1 Expression in Cultured Vaginal Fibroblasts From Women With Stress Urinary Incontinence. Reproductive Sciences 15: 312-320 [Abstract]  
• Neil, J. R., Schiemann, W. P. (2008). Altered TAB1:I{kappa}B Kinase Interaction Promotes Transforming Growth Factor {beta}-Mediated Nuclear Factor-{kappa}B Activation during Breast Cancer Progression. Cancer Res. 68: 1462-1470 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Yamasaki, M., Kang, H.-R., Homer, R. J., Chapoval, S. P., Cho, S. J., Lee, B. J., Elias, J. A., Lee, C. G. (2008). P21 Regulates TGF-{beta}1-Induced Pulmonary Responses via a TNF-{alpha}-Signaling Pathway. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Bio. 38: 346-353 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Chen, G., Han, G., Wang, J., Wang, R., Xu, R., Shen, B., Qian, J., Li, Y. (2008). Essential roles of TGF-{beta} in anti-CD3 antibody therapy: reversal of diabetes in nonobese diabetic mice independent of Foxp3+CD4+ regulatory T cells. J. Leukoc. Biol. 83: 280-287 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Gordon, K. J., Dong, M., Chislock, E. M., Fields, T. A., Blobe, G. C. (2008). Loss of type III transforming growth factor {beta} receptor expression increases motility and invasiveness associated with epithelial to mesenchymal transition during pancreatic cancer progression. Carcinogenesis 29: 252-262 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• You, H. J., Bruinsma, M. W., How, T., Ostrander, J. H., Blobe, G. C. (2007). The type III TGF- receptor signals through both Smad3 and the p38 MAP kinase pathways to contribute to inhibition of cell proliferation. Carcinogenesis 28: 2491-2500 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Tong, X.-K., Hamel, E. (2007). Transforming Growth Factor-beta1 Impairs Endothelin-1-Mediated Contraction of Brain Vessels by Inducing Mitogen-Activated Protein (MAP) Kinase Phosphatase-1 and Inhibiting p38 MAP Kinase. Mol. Pharmacol. 72: 1476-1483 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Vannini, N., Lorusso, G., Cammarota, R., Barberis, M., Noonan, D. M., Sporn, M. B., Albini, A. (2007). The synthetic oleanane triterpenoid, CDDO-methyl ester, is a potent antiangiogenic agent. Molecular Cancer Therapeutics 6: 3139-3146 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Nortier, J. L., del Marmol, V. (2007). Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis the need for a multidisciplinary approach. Nephrol Dial Transplant 22: 3097-3101 [Full Text]  
• Decologne, N., Kolb, M., Margetts, P. J., Menetrier, F., Artur, Y., Garrido, C., Gauldie, J., Camus, P., Bonniaud, P. (2007). TGF-beta1 Induces Progressive Pleural Scarring and Subpleural Fibrosis. J. Immunol. 179: 6043-6051 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Vayalil, P. K., Iles, K. E., Choi, J., Yi, A.-K., Postlethwait, E. M., Liu, R.-M. (2007). Glutathione suppresses TGF-beta-induced PAI-1 expression by inhibiting p38 and JNK MAPK and the binding of AP-1, SP-1, and Smad to the PAI-1 promoter. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 293: L1281-L1292 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Murphy, S. J., Shapira, K. E., Henis, Y. I., Leof, E. B. (2007). A Unique Element in the Cytoplasmic Tail of the Type II Transforming Growth Factor-beta Receptor Controls Basolateral Delivery. Mol. Biol. Cell 18: 3788-3799 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Wrzesinski, S. H., Wan, Y. Y., Flavell, R. A. (2007). Transforming Growth Factor-{beta} and the Immune Response: Implications for Anticancer Therapy. Clin. Cancer Res. 13: 5262-5270 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Chen, Q., Sivakumar, P., Barley, C., Peters, D. M., Gomes, R. R., Farach-Carson, M. C., Dallas, S. L. (2007). Potential Role for Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans in Regulation of Transforming Growth Factor-beta (TGF-beta) by Modulating Assembly of Latent TGF-beta-binding Protein-1. J. Biol. Chem. 282: 26418-26430 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Maffia, P. C., Zittermann, S. E., Scimone, M. L., Tateosian, N., Amiano, N., Guerrieri, D., Lutzky, V., Rosso, D., Romeo, H. E., Garcia, V. E., Issekutz, A. C., Chuluyan, H. E. (2007). Neutrophil Elastase Converts Human Immature Dendritic Cells into Transforming Growth Factor-{beta}1-Secreting Cells and Reduces Allostimulatory Ability. Am. J. Pathol. 171: 928-937 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hu, C.-P., Dandapat, A., Liu, Y., Hermonat, P. L., Mehta, J. L. (2007). Blockade of hypoxia-reoxygenation-mediated collagen type I expression and MMP activity by overexpression of TGF-beta1 delivered by AAV in mouse cardiomyocytes. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 293: H1833-H1838 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lee, N. Y., Blobe, G. C. (2007). The Interaction of Endoglin with beta-Arrestin2 Regulates Transforming Growth Factor-beta-mediated ERK Activation and Migration in Endothelial Cells. J. Biol. Chem. 282: 21507-21517 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Nagano, Y., Mavrakis, K. J., Lee, K. L., Fujii, T., Koinuma, D., Sase, H., Yuki, K., Isogaya, K., Saitoh, M., Imamura, T., Episkopou, V., Miyazono, K., Miyazawa, K. (2007). Arkadia Induces Degradation of SnoN and c-Ski to Enhance Transforming Growth Factor-beta Signaling. J. Biol. Chem. 282: 20492-20501 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kline, J. N. (2007). Eat Dirt: CpG DNA and Immunomodulation of Asthma. Proc Am Thorac Soc 4: 283-288 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Verona, E. V., Elkahloun, A. G., Yang, J., Bandyopadhyay, A., Yeh, I-T., Sun, L.-Z. (2007). Transforming Growth Factor-{beta} Signaling in Prostate Stromal Cells Supports Prostate Carcinoma Growth by Up-regulating Stromal Genes Related to Tissue Remodeling. Cancer Res. 67: 5737-5746 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Chen, G., Ghosh, P., Osawa, H., Sasaki, C. Y., Rezanka, L., Yang, J., O'Farrell, T. J., Longo, D. L. (2007). Resistance to TGF-{beta}1 correlates with aberrant expression of TGF-{beta} receptor II in human B-cell lymphoma cell lines. Blood 109: 5301-5307 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Naumnik, B., Borawski, J., Pawlak, K., Mysliwiec, M. (2007). Enoxaparin but not unfractionated heparin causes a dose-dependent increase in plasma TGF-{beta}1 during haemodialysis: a cross-over study. Nephrol Dial Transplant 22: 1690-1696 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• O'Connor, J. C., Farach-Carson, M. C., Schneider, C. J., Carson, D. D. (2007). Coculture with Prostate Cancer Cells Alters Endoglin Expression and Attenuates Transforming Growth Factor-{beta} Signaling in Reactive Bone Marrow Stromal Cells. Mol Cancer Res 5: 585-603 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Poncelet, A.-C., Schnaper, H. W., Tan, R., Liu, Y., Runyan, C. E. (2007). Cell Phenotype-specific Down-regulation of Smad3 Involves Decreased Gene Activation as Well as Protein Degradation. J. Biol. Chem. 282: 15534-15540 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Scherner, O., Meurer, S. K., Tihaa, L., Gressner, A. M., Weiskirchen, R. (2007). Endoglin Differentially Modulates Antagonistic Transforming Growth Factor-beta1 and BMP-7 Signaling. J. Biol. Chem. 282: 13934-13943 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Castanares, C., Redondo-Horcajo, M., Magan-Marchal, N., ten Dijke, P., Lamas, S., Rodriguez-Pascual, F. (2007). Signaling by ALK5 mediates TGF-beta-induced ET-1 expression in endothelial cells: a role for migration and proliferation. J. Cell Sci. 120: 1256-1266 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Turley, R. S., Finger, E. C., Hempel, N., How, T., Fields, T. A., Blobe, G. C. (2007). The Type III Transforming Growth Factor-{beta} Receptor as a Novel Tumor Suppressor Gene in Prostate Cancer. Cancer Res. 67: 1090-1098 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Gonzalez, A. V., Le Bellego, F., Ludwig, M. S. (2007). Imbalance of Receptor-Regulated and Inhibitory Smads in Lung Fibroblasts from Bleomycin-Exposed Rats. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Bio. 36: 206-212 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kapur, N. K., Deming, C. B., Kapur, S., Bian, C., Champion, H. C., Donahue, J. K., Kass, D. A., Rade, J. J. (2007). Hemodynamic Modulation of Endocardial Thromboresistance. Circulation 115: 67-75 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Juarez, P., Vilchis-Landeros, M. M., Ponce-Coria, J., Mendoza, V., Hernandez-Pando, R., Bobadilla, N. A., Lopez-Casillas, F. (2007). Soluble betaglycan reduces renal damage progression in db/db mice. Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol. 292: F321-F329 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lowe, E. L., Doherty, T. M., Karahashi, H., Arditi, M. (2006). Review: Ubiquitination and de-ubiquitination: role in regulation of signaling by Toll-like receptors. Innate Immunity 12: 337-345 [Abstract]  
• Jungert, K., Buck, A., Buchholz, M., Wagner, M., Adler, G., Gress, T. M., Ellenrieder, V. (2006). Smad-Sp1 complexes mediate TGF{beta}-induced early transcription of oncogenic Smad7 in pancreatic cancer cells. Carcinogenesis 27: 2392-2401 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Said, S. I. (2006). Mediators and modulators of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 291: L547-L558 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Beghe, B., Bazzan, E., Baraldo, S., Calabrese, F., Rea, F., Loy, M., Maestrelli, P., Zuin, R., Fabbri, L. M., Saetta, M. (2006). Transforming growth factor-{beta} type II receptor in pulmonary arteries of patients with very severe COPD. Eur Respir J 28: 556-562 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hayashida, K., Johnston, D. R., Goldberger, O., Park, P. W. (2006). Syndecan-1 Expression in Epithelial Cells Is Induced by Transforming Growth Factor beta through a PKA-dependent Pathway. J. Biol. Chem. 281: 24365-24374 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Volkova, N., McClellan, W., Soucie, J. M., Schoolwerth, A. (2006). Racial disparities in the prevalence of cardiovascular disease among incident end-stage renal disease patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 21: 2202-2209 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Chen, S.-J., Ning, H., Ishida, W., Sodin-Semrl, S., Takagawa, S., Mori, Y., Varga, J. (2006). The Early-Immediate Gene EGR-1 Is Induced by Transforming Growth Factor-beta and Mediates Stimulation of Collagen Gene Expression. J. Biol. Chem. 281: 21183-21197 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Dong, M., Blobe, G. C. (2006). Role of transforming growth factor-beta in hematologic malignancies. Blood 107: 4589-4596 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Pimanda, J. E., Chan, W.Y. I., Donaldson, I. J., Bowen, M., Green, A. R., Gottgens, B. (2006). Endoglin expression in the endothelium is regulated by Fli-1, Erg, and Elf-1 acting on the promoter and a -8-kb enhancer. Blood 107: 4737-4745 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Tsuchiya, N., Wang, L., Suzuki, H., Segawa, T., Fukuda, H., Narita, S., Shimbo, M., Kamoto, T., Mitsumori, K., Ichikawa, T., Ogawa, O., Nakamura, A., Habuchi, T. (2006). Impact of IGF-I and CYP19 Gene Polymorphisms on the Survival of Patients With Metastatic Prostate Cancer. JCO 24: 1982-1989 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Karagiannidis, C., Velehorschi, V., Obertrifter, B., Macha, H.-N., Linder, A., Freitag, L. (2006). High-Level Expression of Matrix-Associated Transforming Growth Factor-{beta}1 in Benign Airway Stenosis. Chest 129: 1298-1304 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Sugiura, H., Liu, X., Kobayashi, T., Togo, S., Ertl, R. F., Kawasaki, S., Kamio, K., Wang, X. Q., Mao, L., Shen, L., Hogaboam, C. M., Rennard, S. I. (2006). Reactive Nitrogen Species Augment Fibroblast-Mediated Collagen Gel Contraction, Mediator Production, and Chemotaxis. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Bio. 34: 592-599 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Koch, W., Hoppmann, P., Mueller, J. C., Schomig, A., Kastrati, A. (2006). Association of Transforming Growth Factor-{beta}1 Gene Polymorphisms With Myocardial Infarction in Patients With Angiographically Proven Coronary Heart Disease. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Bio. 26: 1114-1119 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Meyer-ter-Vehn, T., Gebhardt, S., Sebald, W., Buttmann, M., Grehn, F., Schlunck, G., Knaus, P. (2006). p38 Inhibitors Prevent TGF-{beta}-Induced Myofibroblast Transdifferentiation in Human Tenon Fibroblasts.. IOVS 47: 1500-1509 [Abstract] [Full Text]