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Neurodegenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis have always been a challenge to neurologists and to the scientific community in general. These idiopathic diseases target a particular neural system (the motor system, in the case of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) and cause progressive neuronal death with no clear inflammatory or metabolic basis. Neurodegenerative diseases tend to occur both sporadically and, less frequently, in a pattern of autosomal dominant inheritance: 10 percent of cases of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis are familial.
Investigators previously considered neurodegenerative diseases to be abiotrophies, which are processes caused by accelerated aging. This concept led to a certain pessimism
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