Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infects an estimated 170 million personsworldwide and thus represents a viral pandemic, one that isfive times as widespread as infection with the human immunodeficiencyvirus type 1 (HIV-1). The institution of blood-screening measuresin developed countries has decreased the risk of transfusion-associatedhepatitis to a negligible level, but new cases continue to occurmainly as a result of injection-drug use and, to a lesser degree,through other means of percutaneous or mucous-membrane exposure.Progression to chronic disease occurs in the majority of HCV-infectedpersons, and infection with the virus has become the main indication. . . [Full Text of this Article]
Epidemiologic Characteristics
Pathogenesis
Clinical Characteristics and the Natural Course of Disease
Diagnostic Tests
Treatment
Acute Infection
Chronic Infection
Initial Treatment Regimens
Pegylated Interferons
Treatment of Patients with Contraindications or Adverse Reactions to Ribavirin
Combination Treatment in Patients Who Relapse after the Cessation of Monotherapy with Interferon Alfa
Treatment of Patients with No Response to Monotherapy or Combination Therapy
Liver Transplantation
Treatment of Patients Coinfected with HIV-1
Conclusions and Future Directions
Source Information
From the Infectious Disease Division and Partners AIDS Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston.
Address reprint requests to Dr. Walker at the Partners AIDS Research Center, Infectious Disease Division, Massachusetts General Hospital East, 149 13th St., Charlestown, MA 02129, or at bwalker@helix.mgh.harvard.edu.
References
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A correction has been published: N Engl J Med 2001;345(19):1425.
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