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Neurologic disease complicating human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is common. Clinically significant neurologic disease ultimately affects up to 60 percent of HIV-infected persons, and pathological evidence of nervous system involvement at autopsy is even more frequent. These disorders have a substantial effect on the quality of life of the HIV-infected person and commonly affect survival as well. No part of the neuraxis is immune from the ravages of these complications. These disorders may affect the brain, the spinal cord, peripheral nerves, or muscles. Not infrequently, they present in stereotypical fashion, permitting a strong suspicion of the correct diagnosis, but perhaps
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