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The term "movement disorders" refers to a heterogeneous group of neurologic conditions that share the clinical presentation of involuntary movements and that are presumed to arise from pathophysiologic abnormalities in the basal ganglia or extrapyramidal motor system. Most of these conditions are rare, but a few, such as tic disorders, are quite common. Our understanding of the basic science underlying these disorders is rapidly increasing, thanks to the use of functional magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, and single-photon-emission computed tomography, along with advances in molecular genetics. Tools for clinical diagnosis and strategies for treatment, however, have lagged far behind
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