The last case of endemic smallpox occurred in Somalia in 1977,and eradication of the disease was declared in 1980. With nonatural reservoir, variola virus, which causes smallpox, hasexisted only in laboratories; indeed, the last case of smallpoxwas due to infection acquired in a laboratory in the UnitedKingdom in 1978. During the global program of smallpox eradication,the World Health Organization (WHO) made concerted efforts todecrease the number of laboratories retaining variola virus.On the basis of contacts with all countries and a total of 823microbiology institutions, 76 such laboratories had been identifiedby . . . [Full Text of this Article]
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From the Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. (J.G.B.); and Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore (D.A.H.). This article was published at www.nejm.org on March 28, 2002.
Address reprint requests to Dr. Breman at the Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, 16 Center Dr., MSC 6705, Bldg. 16, Rm. 214, Bethesda, MD 20892, or at jbreman@nih.gov.
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