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Previous Volume 347:1001-1008 September 26, 2002 Number 13 Next

	Since this article has no abstract, we have provided an extract of the first 100 words of the full text and any section headings.

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This Journal feature begins with a case vignette highlighting a common clinical problem. Evidence supporting various strategies is then presented, followed by a review of formal guidelines, when they exist. The article ends with the author's clinical recommendations.

A 37-year-old woman reports that her fingers turn blue when they are exposed to cold temperatures. She also has fatigue, arthralgias, and recurrent small, painful digital ulcers. How should she be evaluated and treated?

The Clinical Problem

In 1862, Maurice Raynaud recognized that some people who were exposed to cold temperatures had transient digital ischemia that he ascribed to an exaggerated response of the central . . . [Full Text of this Article]

Strategies and Evidence

Primary versus Secondary Raynaud's Phenomenon

Nonpharmacologic Therapy

Calcium-Channel Blockers

Other Agents

Areas of Uncertainty

Value of Other Vasodilators

Experimental Agents and Agents That Are Not Available in the United States

Sympathectomy

Acute Ischemic Crisis

Guidelines

Conclusions and Recommendations

Source Information

From the Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore.

Address reprint requests to Dr. Wigley at the Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1830 E. Monument St., Suite 7300, Baltimore, MD 21205, or at lmurray3@jhmi.edu.

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• Colakoglu, M., Cobankara, V., Akpolat, T. (2007). Effect of Clonazepam on Raynaud's Phenomenon and Fingertip Ulcers in Scleroderma. The Annals of Pharmacotherapy 41: 1544-1547 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Wood, H. M, Ernst, M. E (2006). Renin-Angiotensin System Mediators and Raynaud's Phenomenon. The Annals of Pharmacotherapy 40: 1998-2002 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Levien, T. L (2006). Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors in Raynaud's Phenomenon. The Annals of Pharmacotherapy 40: 1388-1393 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Caglayan, E., Huntgeburth, M., Karasch, T., Weihrauch, J., Hunzelmann, N., Krieg, T., Erdmann, E., Rosenkranz, S. (2006). Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibition Is a Novel Therapeutic Option in Raynaud Disease. Arch Intern Med 166: 231-233 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
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• Fries, R., Shariat, K., von Wilmowsky, H., Bohm, M. (2005). Sildenafil in the Treatment of Raynaud's Phenomenon Resistant to Vasodilatory Therapy. Circulation 112: 2980-2985 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
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