Until recently, patients infected with the human immunodeficiencyvirus (HIV) who had organ failure were not routinely evaluatedfor transplantation. The poor prognosis for persons with theacquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) early in the HIV epidemicled to their exclusion from organ-transplant waiting lists thatwere overflowing with patients who were expected to live muchlonger. The few patients with unrecognized HIV infection whoreceived a transplant had a variable course, often characterizedby rapid progression of HIV disease. Furthermore, there wasan understandable fear of transmission of HIV to health careworkers during invasive procedures.
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