Eighteen years ago, the Journal published two observationalstudies1,2 of the relations between postmenopausal hormone-replacementtherapy and cardiovascular diseases. One found that women whoused such therapy had about half the risk that nonusers had;the other found that they had almost twice the risk. In eachstudy, the relative risk was statistically different from arelative risk of 1.0, or no effect. These results seemed tobe in serious conflict, although each study taken alone lookedsound. In an accompanying editorial,3 I noted differences inthe drugs used, the groups of patients studied, the outcomesascertained, and other matters, . . . [Full Text of this Article]
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