Drug-Induced Prolongation of the QT Interval

doi:10.1056/NEJMra032426

Volume 350:1013-1022		March 4, 2004		Number 10

Drug-Induced Prolongation of the QT Interval

Dan M. Roden, M.D.

Since this article has no abstract, we have provided an extract of the first 100 words of the full text and any section headings.

Full Text

PDF

PDA Full Text

Purchase this article

Letters

Add to Personal Archive

Add to Citation Manager

Notify a Friend

E-mail When Cited

E-mail When Letters Appear

PubMed Citation

In the past decade, the single most common cause of the withdrawalor restriction of the use of drugs that have already been marketedhas been the prolongation of the QT interval associated withpolymorphic ventricular tachycardia, or torsade de pointes (Figure 1),which can be fatal.¹ Nine structurally unrelated drugs thatwere marketed in the United States or elsewhere for a rangeof noncardiovascular indications have been removed from themarket or had their availability severely restricted becauseof this rare form of toxicity. These drugs are terfenadine,astemizole, grepafloxicin, terodiline, droperidol, lidoflazine,sertindole, levomethadyl, and cisapride.

Figure Removed (Available Only in the Full Text)
View larger version (50K):
[in this window]
[in a new window]
Figure 1. . . . [Full Text of this Article]

The Clinical Background of Long-QT Syndrome

Problems Posed by Technological and Scientific Advances

Measurement and Interpretation of the QT Interval

Basic Electrophysiological Mechanisms

Identification of Drugs That Cause Torsade de Pointes

Weighing Risks and Benefits

Decision Making and Drugs with QT-Interval–Prolonging Potential

Broader Implications

Source Information

From the Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville.

Address reprint requests to Dr. Roden at the Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 532 Medical Research Bldg. I, Nashville, TN 37232, or at dan.roden@vanderbilt.edu.

Related Letters:

Drug-Induced Prolongation of the QT Interval
Korantzopoulos P., Siogas K., Viskin S., Justo D., Zeltser D., Curigliano G., Cipolla C., de Braud F., Cruciani R. A., Portenoy R. K., Homel P., Roden D. M.
Extract | Full Text | PDF
N Engl J Med 2004; 350:2618-2621, Jun 17, 2004. Correspondence

This article has been cited by other articles:

Perrin, M. J., Kuchel, P. W., Campbell, T. J., Vandenberg, J. I. (2008). Drug Binding to the Inactivated State Is Necessary but Not Sufficient for High-Affinity Binding to Human Ether-a-go-go-Related Gene Channels. Mol. Pharmacol. 74: 1443-1452 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Tobin, M. D, Kahonen, M., Braund, P., Nieminen, T., Hajat, C., Tomaszewski, M., Viik, J., Lehtinen, R., Ng, G A., Macfarlane, P. W, Burton, P. R, Lehtimaki, T., Samani, N. J (2008). Gender and effects of a common genetic variant in the NOS1 regulator NOS1AP on cardiac repolarization in 3761 individuals from two independent populations. Int J Epidemiol 37: 1132-1141 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Dujardin, K. S., Dumotier, B., David, M., Guizy, M., Valenzuela, C., Hondeghem, L. M. (2008). Ultrafast sodium channel block by dietary fish oil prevents dofetilide-induced ventricular arrhythmias in rabbit hearts. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 295: H1414-H1421 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Dubnov-Raz, G., Juurlink, D. N., Fogelman, R., Merlob, P., Ito, S., Koren, G., Finkelstein, Y. (2008). Antenatal Use of Selective Serotonin-Reuptake Inhibitors and QT Interval Prolongation in Newborns. Pediatrics 122: e710-e715 [Abstract] [Full Text]
van Noord, C., van der Deure, W. M, Sturkenboom, M. C J M, Straus, S. M J M, Hofman, A., Visser, T. J, Kors, J. A, Witteman, J. C M, Stricker, B. H C. (2008). High free thyroxine levels are associated with QTc prolongation in males. J Endocrinol 198: 253-260 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Due-Andersen, R., Hoi-Hansen, T., Larroude, C. E., Olsen, N. V., Kanters, J. K., Boomsma, F., Pedersen-Bjergaard, U., Thorsteinsson, B. (2008). Cardiac repolarization during hypoglycaemia in type 1 diabetes: impact of basal renin-angiotensin system activity. Europace 10: 860-867 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Ayalasomayajula, S., Yeh, C.-M., Vaidyanathan, S., Flannery, B., Dieterich, H. A., Howard, D., Bedigian, M. P., Dole, W. P. (2008). Effects of Aliskiren, a Direct Renin Inhibitor, on Cardiac Repolarization and Conduction in Healthy Subjects. J Clin Pharmacol 48: 799-811 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Kuppermann, N., Park, J., Glatter, K., Marcin, J. P., Glaser, N. S. (2008). Prolonged QT Interval Corrected for Heart Rate During Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Children. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 162: 544-549 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Xu, X., Recanatini, M., Roberti, M., Tseng, G.-N. (2008). Probing the Binding Sites and Mechanisms of Action of Two Human Ether-a-go-go-Related Gene Channel Activators, 1,3-bis-(2-Hydroxy-5-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-urea (NS1643) and 2-[2-(3,4-Dichloro-phenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-isoindol-5-ylamino]-nicotinic acid (PD307243). Mol. Pharmacol. 73: 1709-1721 [Abstract] [Full Text]
McMahon, J. H., Grayson, M. L. (2008). Torsades de pointes in a patient receiving fluconazole for cerebral cryptococcosis. Am J Health Syst Pharm 65: 619-623 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Hunter, J. D., Sharma, P., Rathi, S. (2008). Long QT syndrome. Contin Educ Anaesth Crit Care Pain 8: 67-70 [Full Text]
Lehtinen, A. B., Newton-Cheh, C., Ziegler, J. T., Langefeld, C. D., Freedman, B. I., Daniel, K. R., Herrington, D. M., Bowden, D. W. (2008). Association of NOS1AP Genetic Variants With QT Interval Duration in Families From the Diabetes Heart Study. Diabetes 57: 1108-1114 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Knorr, J. P., Moshfeghi, M., Sokoloski, M. C. (2008). Ciprofloxacin-induced Q-T interval prolongation. Am J Health Syst Pharm 65: 547-551 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Darbar, D., Kimbrough, J., Jawaid, A., McCray, R., Ritchie, M. D., Roden, D. M. (2008). Persistent Atrial Fibrillation Is Associated With Reduced Risk of Torsades de Pointes in Patients With Drug-Induced Long QT Syndrome. J Am Coll Cardiol 51: 836-842 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Due-Andersen, R., Hoi-Hansen, T., Olsen, N. V., Larroude, C. E., Kanters, J. K., Boomsma, F., Pedersen-Bjergaard, U., Thorsteinsson, B. (2008). Cardiac repolarization during hypoglycaemia and hypoxaemia in healthy males: impact of renin-angiotensin system activity. Europace 10: 219-226 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Hinterseer, M., Thomsen, M. B., Beckmann, B.-M., Pfeufer, A., Schimpf, R., Wichmann, H.-E., Steinbeck, G., Vos, M. A., Kaab, S. (2008). Beat-to-beat variability of QT intervals is increased in patients with drug-induced long-QT syndrome: a case control pilot study. Eur Heart J 29: 185-190 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Tan, H. L., Smits, J. P.P., Loef, A., Tanck, M. W.T., Hardziyenka, M., Campian, M. E. (2008). Electrocardiographic evidence of ventricular repolarization remodelling during atrial fibrillation. Europace 10: 99-104 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Wedam, E. F., Bigelow, G. E., Johnson, R. E., Nuzzo, P. A., Haigney, M. C. P. (2007). QT-Interval Effects of Methadone, Levomethadyl, and Buprenorphine in a Randomized Trial. Arch Intern Med 167: 2469-2475 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Mehlhorn, A. J, Brown, D. A (2007). Safety Concerns with Fluoroquinolones. The Annals of Pharmacotherapy 41: 1859-1866 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Singh, B. N., Connolly, S. J., Crijns, H. J.G.M., Roy, D., Kowey, P. R., Capucci, A., Radzik, D., Aliot, E. M., Hohnloser, S. H., the EURIDIS and ADONIS Investigators, (2007). Dronedarone for Maintenance of Sinus Rhythm in Atrial Fibrillation or Flutter. NEJM 357: 987-999 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Newton-Cheh, C., Guo, C.-Y., Larson, M. G., Musone, S. L., Surti, A., Camargo, A. L., Drake, J. A., Benjamin, E. J., Levy, D., D'Agostino, R. B. Sr, Hirschhorn, J. N., O'Donnell, C. J. (2007). Common Genetic Variation in KCNH2 Is Associated With QT Interval Duration: The Framingham Heart Study. Circulation 116: 1128-1136 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Morissette, P., Hreiche, R., Mallet, L., Vo, D., Knaus, E. E., Turgeon, J. (2007). Olanzapine prolongs cardiac repolarization by blocking the rapid component of the delayed rectifier potassium current. J Psychopharmacol 21: 735-741 [Abstract]
Kowey, P. R., Malik, M. (2007). The QT interval as it relates to the safety of non-cardiac drugs. Eur Heart J Suppl 9: G3-G8 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Darpo, B. (2007). Detection and reporting of drug-induced proarrhythmias: room for improvement. Europace 9: iv23-iv36 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Tsujimae, K., Suzuki, S., Murakami, S., Kurachi, Y. (2007). Frequency-dependent effects of various IKr blockers on cardiac action potential duration in a human atrial model. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 293: H660-H669 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Jackson, C. W., Sheehan, A. H., Reddan, J. G. (2007). Evidence-based review of the black-box warning for droperidol. Am J Health Syst Pharm 64: 1174-1186 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Nakajima, T., Hayashi, K., Viswanathan, P. C., Kim, M.-Y., Anghelescu, M., Barksdale, K. A., Shuai, W., Balser, J. R., Kupershmidt, S. (2007). HERG Is Protected from Pharmacological Block by {alpha}-1,2-Glucosyltransferase Function. J. Biol. Chem. 282: 5506-5513 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Thomsen, M. B., Oros, A., Schoenmakers, M., van Opstal, J. M., Maas, J. N., Beekman, J. D.M., Vos, M. A. (2007). Proarrhythmic electrical remodelling is associated with increased beat-to-beat variability of repolarisation. Cardiovasc Res 73: 521-530 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Yamazaki, M., Honjo, H., Nakagawa, H., Ishiguro, Y. S., Okuno, Y., Amino, M., Sakuma, I., Kamiya, K., Kodama, I. (2007). Mechanisms of destabilization and early termination of spiral wave reentry in the ventricle by a class III antiarrhythmic agent, nifekalant. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 292: H539-H548 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Roden, D. M., Altman, R. B., Benowitz, N. L., Flockhart, D. A., Giacomini, K. M., Johnson, J. A., Krauss, R. M., McLeod, H. L., Ratain, M. J., Relling, M. V., Ring, H. Z., Shuldiner, A. R., Weinshilboum, R. M., Weiss, S. T., for the Pharmacogenetics Research Network, (2006). Pharmacogenomics: Challenges and Opportunities.. ANN INTERN MED 145: 749-757 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Tan, H. L., Bardai, A., Shimizu, W., Moss, A. J., Schulze-Bahr, E., Noda, T., Wilde, A. A. M. (2006). Genotype-Specific Onset of Arrhythmias in Congenital Long-QT Syndrome: Possible Therapy Implications. Circulation 114: 2096-2103 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Developed in Collaboration With the European Heart, , Zipes, D. P., Camm, A. J., Borggrefe, M., Buxton, A. E., Chaitman, B., Fromer, M., Gregoratos, G., Klein, G., Moss, A. J., Myerburg, R. J., Priori, S. G., Quinones, M. A., Roden, D. M., Silka, M. J., Tracy, C., Smith, S. C. Jr, Jacobs, A. K., Adams, C. D., Antman, E. M., Anderson, J. L., Hunt, S. A., Halperin, J. L., Nishimura, R., Ornato, J. P., Page, R. L., Riegel, B., Priori, S. G., Blanc, J.-J., Budaj, A., Camm, A. J., Dean, V., Deckers, J. W., Despres, C., Dickstein, K., Lekakis, J., McGregor, K., Metra, M., Morais, J., Osterspey, A., Tamargo, J. L., Zamorano, J. L. (2006). ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 Guidelines for Management of Patients With Ventricular Arrhythmias and the Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death--Executive Summary: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force and the European Society of Cardiology Committee for Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Develop Guidelines for Management of Patients With Ventricular Arrhythmias and the Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death). J Am Coll Cardiol 48: 1064-1108 [Full Text]
Developed in Collaboration With the European Heart, , Zipes, D. P., Camm, A. J., Borggrefe, M., Buxton, A. E., Chaitman, B., Fromer, M., Gregoratos, G., Klein, G., Moss, A. J., Myerburg, R. J., Priori, S. G., Quinones, M. A., Roden, D. M., Silka, M. J., Tracy, C., Smith, S. C. Jr, Jacobs, A. K., Adams, C. D., Antman, E. M., Anderson, J. L., Hunt, S. A., Halperin, J. L., Nishimura, R., Ornato, J. P., Page, R. L., Riegel, B., Priori, S. G., Blanc, J.-J., Budaj, A., Camm, A. J., Dean, V., Deckers, J. W., Despres, C., Dickstein, K., Lekakis, J., McGregor, K., Metra, M., Morais, J., Osterspey, A., Tamargo, J. L., Zamorano, J. L. (2006). ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 Guidelines for Management of Patients With Ventricular Arrhythmias and the Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force and the European Society of Cardiology Committee for Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Develop Guidelines for Management of Patients With Ventricular Arrhythmias and the Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death). J Am Coll Cardiol 48: e247-e346 [Full Text]
Zipes, D. P., Zipes, D. P., Camm, A. J., Borggrefe, M., Buxton, A. E., Chaitman, B., Fromer, M., Gregoratos, G., Klein, G., Moss, A. J., Myerburg, R. J., Priori, S. G., Quinones, M. A., Roden, D. M., Silka, M. J., Tracy, C., ESC Committee for Practice Guidelines, , Priori, S. G., Blanc, J.-J., Budaj, A., Camm, A. J., Dean, V., Deckers, J. W., Despres, C., Dickstein, K., Lekakis, J., McGregor, K., Metra, M., Morais, J., Osterspey, A., Tamargo, J. L., Zamorano, J. L., ACC/AHA (Practice Guidelines) Task Force Members, , Smith, S. C. Jr, Jacobs, A. K., Adams, C. D., Antman, E. M., Anderson, J. L., Hunt, S. A., Halperin, J. L., Nishimura, R., Ornato, J. P., Page, R. L., Riegel, B. (2006). ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 guidelines for management of patients with ventricular arrhythmias and the prevention of sudden cardiac death--executive summary: A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force and the European Society of Cardiology Committee for Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Develop Guidelines for Management of Patients with Ventricular Arrhythmias and the Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death) Developed in collaboration with the European Heart Rhythm Association and the Heart Rhythm Society.. Eur Heart J 27: 2099-2140 [Full Text]
Writing Committee Members, , Zipes, D. P., Camm, A. J., Borggrefe, M., Buxton, A. E., Chaitman, B., Fromer, M., Gregoratos, G., Klein, G., Moss, A. J., Myerburg, R. J., Priori, S. G., Quinones, M. A., Roden, D. M., Silka, M. J., Tracy, C., ESC Committee for Practice Guidelines, , Priori, S. G., Blanc, J.-J., Budaj, A., Camm, A. J., Dean, V., Deckers, J. W., Despres, C., Dickstein, K., Lekakis, J., McGregor, K., Metra, M., Morais, J., Osterspey, A., Tamargo, J. L., Zamorano, J. L., ACC/AHA Task Force Members, , Smith, S. C. Jr, Jacobs, A. K., Adams, C. D., Antman, E. M., Anderson, J. L., Hunt, S. A., Halperin, J. L., Nishimura, R., Ornato, J. P., Page, R. L., Riegel, B. (2006). ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 guidelines for management of patients with ventricular arrhythmias and the prevention of sudden cardiac death: A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force and the European Society of Cardiology Committee for Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Develop Guidelines for Management of Patients With Ventricular Arrhythmias and the Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death) Developed in collaboration with the European Heart Rhythm Association and the Heart Rhythm Society. Europace 8: 746-837 [Full Text]
Pratt, C. M., Al-Khalidi, H. R., Brum, J. M., Holroyde, M. J., Schwartz, P. J., Marcello, S. R., Borggrefe, M., Dorian, P., Camm, A. J., on behalf of the Azimilide Trials Investigators, (2006). Cumulative Experience of Azimilide-Associated Torsades de Pointes Ventricular Tachycardia in the 19 Clinical Studies Comprising the Azimilide Database. J Am Coll Cardiol 48: 471-477 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Hinterseer, M., Irlbeck, M., Ney, L., Beckmann, B.-M., Pfeufer, A., Steinbeck, G., Kaab, S. (2006). Acute respiratory distress syndrome with transiently impaired left ventricular function and Torsades de Pointes arrhythmia unmasking congenital long QT syndrome in a 25-yr-old woman. Br J Anaesth 97: 150-153 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Bates, S. E., Rosing, D. R., Fojo, T., Piekarz, R. L. (2006). Challenges of Evaluating the Cardiac Effects of Anticancer Agents.. Clin. Cancer Res. 12: 3871-3874 [Full Text]
Pham, C P., de Feiter, P. W, van der Kuy, P H. M, van Mook, W. N. (2006). Long QTc Interval and Torsade de Pointes Caused by Fluconazole. The Annals of Pharmacotherapy 40: 1456-1461 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Siu, C.-W., Au, W.-Y., Yung, C., Kumana, C. R., Lau, C.-P., Kwong, Y.-L., Tse, H.-F. (2006). Effects of oral arsenic trioxide therapy on QT intervals in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia: implications for long-term cardiac safety. Blood 108: 103-106 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Ehret, G. B., Voide, C., Gex-Fabry, M., Chabert, J., Shah, D., Broers, B., Piguet, V., Musset, T., Gaspoz, J.-M., Perrier, A., Dayer, P., Desmeules, J. A. (2006). Drug-Induced Long QT Syndrome in Injection Drug Users Receiving Methadone: High Frequency in Hospitalized Patients and Risk Factors.. Arch Intern Med 166: 1280-1287 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Piekarz, R. L., Frye, A. R., Wright, J. J., Steinberg, S. M., Liewehr, D. J., Rosing, D. R., Sachdev, V., Fojo, T., Bates, S. E. (2006). Cardiac Studies in Patients Treated with Depsipeptide, FK228, in a Phase II Trial for T-Cell Lymphoma.. Clin. Cancer Res. 12: 3762-3773 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Pitt, G. S., Pitt, B. (2006). Aldosterone, ion channels, and sudden death: another piece of the circle?. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 290: H2176-H2177 [Full Text]
WILTING, I., SMALS, O.M., HOLWERDA, N.J., MEYBOOM, R.H., De BRUIN, M.L., EGBERTS, T.C.G. (2006). QTc Prolongation and Torsades de Pointes in an Elderly Woman Taking Fluoxetine. Am. J. Psychiatry 163: 325-325 [Full Text]
Slack, M., Kirchhoff, C., Moller, C., Winkler, D., Netzer, R. (2006). Identification of Novel Kv1.3 Blockers Using a Fluorescent Cell-Based Ion Channel Assay. J Biomol Screen 11: 57-64 [Abstract]
Sugao, M, Fujiki, A, Sakabe, M, Nishida, K, Tsuneda, T, Iwamoto, J, Mizumaki, K, Inoue, H (2006). New quantitative methods for evaluation of dynamic changes in QT interval on 24 hour Holter ECG recordings: QT interval in idiopathic ventricular fibrillation and long QT syndrome. Heart 92: 201-207 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Ladich, E., Virmani, R., Burke, A. (2006). Sudden Cardiac Death not Related to Coronary Atherosclerosis. Toxicol Pathol 34: 52-57 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Hamlin, R. L. (2006). A Search to Predict Potential for Drug-Induced Cardiovascular Toxicity. Toxicol Pathol 34: 75-80 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Gintant, G. A., Su, Z., Martin, R. L., Cox, B. F. (2006). Utility of hERG Assays as Surrogate Markers of Delayed Cardiac Repolarization and QT Safety. Toxicol Pathol 34: 81-90 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Yamada, M., Hatakeyama, N., Malykhina, A. P., Yamazaki, M., Momose, Y., Akbarali, H. I. (2006). The Effects of Sevoflurane and Propofol on QT Interval and Heterologously Expressed Human Ether-A-Go-Go Related Gene Currents in Xenopus Oocytes. Anesth. Analg. 102: 98-103 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Holmes, F. A., Liticker, J. D. (2005). Pharmacogenomics of Tamoxifen in a Nutshell--And Who Broke the Nutcracker?. J Oncol Pract 1: 155-159 [Full Text]
Morganroth, J., DiMarco, J. P., Anzueto, A., Niederman, M. S., Choudhri, S., the CAPRIE Study Group, (2005). A Randomized Trial Comparing the Cardiac Rhythm Safety of Moxifloxacin vs Levofloxacin in Elderly Patients Hospitalized With Community-Acquired Pneumonia. Chest 128: 3398-3406 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Straus, S. M.J.M., Sturkenboom, M. C.J.M., Bleumink, G. S., Dieleman, J. P., Lei, J. v. d., Graeff, P. A. d., Kingma, J. H., Stricker, B. H.Ch. (2005). Non-cardiac QTc-prolonging drugs and the risk of sudden cardiac death. Eur Heart J 26: 2007-2012 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Roden, D. M., Yang, T. (2005). Protecting the Heart Against Arrhythmias: Potassium Current Physiology and Repolarization Reserve. Circulation 112: 1376-1378 [Full Text]
Silva, J., Rudy, Y. (2005). Subunit Interaction Determines IKs Participation in Cardiac Repolarization and Repolarization Reserve. Circulation 112: 1384-1391 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Serra, D. B., Affrime, M. B., Bedigian, M. P., Greig, G., Milosavljev, S., Skerjanec, A., Wang, Y. (2005). QT and QTc Interval With Standard and Supratherapeutic Doses of Darifenacin, a Muscarinic M3 Selective Receptor Antagonist for the Treatment of Overactive Bladder. J Clin Pharmacol 45: 1038-1047 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Beasley, C. M. Jr, Mitchell, M. I., Dmitrienko, A. A., Emmick, J. T., Shen, W., Costigan, T. M., Bedding, A. W., Turik, M. A., Bakhtyari, A., Warner, M. R., Ruskin, J. N., Cantilena, L. R. Jr, Kloner, R. A. (2005). The Combined Use of Ibutilide as an Active Control With Intensive Electrocardiographic Sampling and Signal Averaging as a Sensitive Method to Assess the Effects of Tadalafil on the Human QT Interval. J Am Coll Cardiol 46: 678-687 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Kowey, P. R., Yan, G.-X. (2005). Making a Silk Purse Out of a Sow's Ear. J Am Coll Cardiol 46: 688-689 [Full Text]
Roden, D. M. (2005). Proarrhythmia as a pharmacogenomic entity: A critical review and formulation of a unifying hypothesis. Cardiovasc Res 67: 419-425 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Milan, D. J., MacRae, C. A. (2005). Animal models for arrhythmias. Cardiovasc Res 67: 426-437 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Roden, D. M., Temple, R. (2005). The US Food and Drug Administration Cardiorenal Advisory Panel and the Drug Approval Process. Circulation 111: 1697-1702 [Full Text]
Douer, D., Tallman, M. S. (2005). Arsenic Trioxide: New Clinical Experience With an Old Medication in Hematologic Malignancies. JCO 23: 2396-2410 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Nykamp, D. L, Blackmon, C. L, Schmidt, P. E, Roberson, A. G (2005). QTc Prolongation Associated with Combination Therapy of Levofloxacin, Imipramine, and Fluoxetine. The Annals of Pharmacotherapy 39: 543-546 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Roden, D. M. (2005). An Underrecognized Challenge in Evaluating Postmarketing Drug Safety. Circulation 111: 246-248 [Full Text]
Kaplan, E. L., Winston, A. P., Schoenholtz, J. C., Harris, J.-D., de Leon-Casasola, O. A., Amory, J. K., Amory, D. W. Sr., Ray, W. A., Murray, K. T., Stein, C. M., Liu, B. A., Juurlink, D. N. (2005). Oral erythromycin and the risk of sudden death.. NEJM 352: 301-304 [Full Text]
Lin, C., Ke, X., Cvetanovic, I., Ranade, V., Somberg, J. (2005). The Influence of Extracellular Acidosis on the Effect of IKr Blockers. J CARDIOVASC PHARMACOL THER 10: 67-76 [Abstract]
Schmittner, J., Schroeder, J. R, Epstein, D. H, Preston, K. L (2004). QT interval increased after single dose of lofexidine. BMJ 329: 1075-1075 [Full Text]
Drew, B. J., Califf, R. M., Funk, M., Kaufman, E. S., Krucoff, M. W., Laks, M. M., Macfarlane, P. W., Sommargren, C., Swiryn, S., Van Hare, G. F. (2004). Practice Standards for Electrocardiographic Monitoring in Hospital Settings: An American Heart Association Scientific Statement From the Councils on Cardiovascular Nursing, Clinical Cardiology, and Cardiovascular Disease in the Young: Endorsed by the International Society of Computerized Electrocardiology and the American Association of Critical-Care Nurses. Circulation 110: 2721-2746 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Liu, B. A., Juurlink, D. N. (2004). Drugs and the QT Interval -- Caveat Doctor. NEJM 351: 1053-1056 [Full Text]
D'Amico, A. V., Manola, J., Loffredo, M., Renshaw, A. A., DellaCroce, A., Kantoff, P. W. (2004). 6-Month Androgen Suppression Plus Radiation Therapy vs Radiation Therapy Alone for Patients With Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer: A Randomized Controlled Trial. JAMA 292: 821-827 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Korantzopoulos, P., Siogas, K., Viskin, S., Justo, D., Zeltser, D., Curigliano, G., Cipolla, C., de Braud, F., Cruciani, R. A., Portenoy, R. K., Homel, P., Roden, D. M. (2004). Drug-Induced Prolongation of the QT Interval. NEJM 350: 2618-2621 [Full Text]
Singh, B. N., Wadhani, N. (2004). Antiarrhythmic and Proarrhythmic Properties of QT-Prolonging Antianginal Drugs. J CARDIOVASC PHARMACOL THER 9: S85-S97 [Abstract]

Comments and questions? Please contact us.