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Previous Volume 350:2167-2179 May 20, 2004 Number 21 Next

	Since this article has no abstract, we have provided an extract of the first 100 words of the full text and any section headings.

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Rheumatoid arthritis affects approximately 1 percent of the U.S. population and can cause irreversible joint deformities and functional impairment. The cause of this autoimmune disease remains obscure, but greater understanding of the underlying mechanisms has facilitated the development of new drugs and revolutionized treatment.¹

Specific CD4+ T cells are involved in the induction of the immune response in rheumatoid arthritis, most likely as a response to an unknown exogenous or endogenous antigen. Consequently, recruited monocytes, macrophages, and fibroblasts produce cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF-) and interleukin-1 within the synovial cavity. These cytokines are central to a damaging . . . [Full Text of this Article]

Measuring Response to Drugs in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Leflunomide

Clinical Pharmacology

Interactions with Other Drugs

Efficacy in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Adverse Effects

Pregnancy and Fertility

Clinical Use in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Tumor Necrosis Factor Antagonists

Etanercept

            Clinical Pharmacology

            Efficacy in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Infliximab

            Clinical Pharmacology

            Efficacy in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Adalimumab

            Clinical Pharmacology

            Efficacy in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Adverse Effects of TNF Antagonists

Infection

Malignant Disease

Injection-Site and Infusion Reactions

Immune and Autoimmune Responses

Demyelinating Syndromes

Heart Failure

Clinical Use of TNF Antagonists in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Anakinra

Clinical Pharmacology

Efficacy in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Adverse Effects

Clinical Use in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Limitations and Future Directions

Source Information

From the Divisions of Rheumatology (N.J.O., C.M.S.) and Clinical Pharmacology (C.M.S.), Departments of Medicine (N.J.O., C.M.S.), Pharmacology (C.M.S.), and Microbiology and Immunology (N.J.O.), Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville.

Related Letters:

Rheumatoid Arthritis
Burchini G., Orsi C., Bhattacharya N., O'Dell J. R.
Extract | Full Text | PDF  
N Engl J Med 2004; 351:1360-1361, Sep 23, 2004. Correspondence

New Drugs for Rheumatoid Arthritis
Messori A., Santarlasci B., Vaiani M.
Extract | Full Text | PDF  
N Engl J Med 2004; 351:937-938, Aug 26, 2004. Correspondence

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