Fatal Myositis Due to the Microsporidian Brachiola algerae, a Mosquito Pathogen
Christina M. Coyle, M.D., Louis M. Weiss, M.D., M.P.H., Luther V. Rhodes, III, M.D., Ann Cali, Ph.D., Peter M. Takvorian, Ph.D., Daniel F. Brown, M.D., Govinda S. Visvesvara, Ph.D., Lihua Xiao, D.V.M., Ph.D., Jaan Naktin, M.D., Eric Young, M.D., Marcelo Gareca, M.D., Georgia Colasante, M.S., and Murray Wittner, M.D., Ph.D.
Since this article has no abstract, we have provided an extract of the first 100 words of the full text and any section headings.
Microsporidia are obligate intracellular eukaryotes that haveemerged as a cause of chronic diarrheal syndromes in patientswith human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.1 Most caseshave been caused by Enterocytozoon bieneusi. In addition, therehave been clinical reports of skeletal-muscle infection withpleistophora species, Trachipleistophora hominis, and Brachiolavesicularum.1 We identified the mosquito pathogen B. algerae(formerly Nosema algerae) as the cause of fatal myositis ina patient who was receiving infliximab for rheumatoid arthritis.2To our knowledge, B. algerae has not previously been isolatedfrom deep tissue in a person.
From the Department of Medicine, Jacobi Medical Center, Bronx, N.Y. (C.M.C.); the Departments of Medicine (C.M.C., L.M.W.) and Pathology (L.M.W., P.M.T., M.W.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; the Departments of Infectious Disease (L.V.R., J.N., E.Y., M.G.) and Pathology (D.F.B., G.C.), Lehigh Valley Hospital, Allentown, Pa.; the Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, N.J. (A.C., P.M.T.); and the Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta (G.S.V., L.X.).
Address reprint requests to Dr. Coyle at Pelham Pkwy. and Eastchester Rd. S., Rm. 3N7, Department of Medicine, Jacobi Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10461, or at coyle@aecom.yu.edu.
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