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The multifaceted problem of the prevention of breast cancer has a long history of accomplishment and frustration. For example, it is now well established that the antiestrogen agent tamoxifen can prevent breast cancer in women with a strong family history of the disease. However, concern about side effects of the drug and what is understood to be its limited ability to prevent estrogen-receptornegative disease has strongly curbed its acceptance by the general public for chemoprevention. Alternative approaches that use antiestrogenic agents with potentially fewer side effects and aromatase inhibitors (which prevent the synthesis of estrogens) are now well under way.
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