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Previous Volume 351:1257-1259 September 16, 2004 Number 12 Next

	Since this article has no abstract, we have provided an extract of the first 100 words of the full text and any section headings.

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To the Editor: The study by Esteban and colleagues (June 10 issue)¹ was stopped on the basis of an interim analysis after 43 deaths. A stopping rule based on a P value of 0.048 was invoked (stopping boundary, P=0.05). Suppose the study had continued, with further monitoring by the data safety and monitoring committee, and five extra patients had been recruited into each group. If another death had occurred with standard care, the P value would have been greater than 0.07. If another death had occurred in each group, the P value would have been greater than 0.05. In either . . . [Full Text of this Article]

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