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Estimates of the prevalence of epilepsy which is defined as two or more unprovoked seizures or a condition for which antiepileptic medications have been used, in either case within the past five years range from 0.5 to 1 percent of the population. Thus, at present, approximately 2 million persons in the United States have epilepsy. The incidence of epilepsy rises first gradually and then more rapidly after the third decade of life as the causes of symptomatic seizures, such as stroke and brain tumors, become more common. An exception to this trend of steady increase is the first
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