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Previous Volume 353:811-822 August 25, 2005 Number 8 Next

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Despite progress in research on the molecular aspects of malignant gliomas, the prognosis of these brain tumors continues to be dismal. In glioblastoma, the most common glioma variant in adults, median survival has remained at 9 to 12 months for decades.¹ One reason for the lack of clinical advances is ignorance of the cellular origin of this disease, which delays the application of molecular analyses to treatment and impairs the ability to anticipate tumor behavior reliably. For nearly 80 years, the classification system for gliomas has remained largely unchanged^2,3; its power to predict the course of disease is based . . . [Full Text of this Article]

The Cell of Origin of Gliomas

Neural Stem Cells and Glial Progenitor Cells

Properties of Neural Stem Cells

Transformation of Neural Stem Cells

Molecular Mechanisms

Stem Cells in Other Neoplasms

Developmental Patterns

Sonic Hedgehog Pathway

Transcription Factors

Epidermal Growth Factor

PTEN Pathway

Heterogeneity of Gliomas

Cellular Environment

Blocked Differentiation

Migration of Glioma Cells

Conclusions

Source Information

From the Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Tumor Research Center, and the Developmental Stem Cell Biology Program, University of California, San Francisco.

Address reprint requests to Dr. Sanai at the Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Ave., M-779, Campus Box 0112, San Francisco, CA 94143, or at sanain@neurosurg.ucsf.edu.

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