Rotavirus disease kills approximately half a million childrenannually in developing countries and accounts for one thirdof hospitalizations for diarrhea worldwide.1 In 1999, globalefforts to control the tremendous health burden of gastroenteritissuffered an abrupt and unanticipated setback. The first licensedrotavirus vaccine (RotaShield) was withdrawn from the U.S. marketless than a year after its introduction because it was associatedwith an uncommon but potentially life-threatening adverse event,intussusception, at an estimated rate of 1 incident per 10,000vaccine recipients.2
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Figure 1. Negative-Stain Electron Micrograph of Rotavirus A.
From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta.
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Rotavirus Vaccines
Molinaro G. A., Lee D. A., Lee P.-I., Simonsen L., Taylor R. J., Kapikian A. Z., Ruiz L. P. Jr., O'Ryan M., Ruiz-Palacios G. M., Clemens R., Vesikari T., DiNubile M. J., Heaton P. M., Glass R. I., Parashar U. D.
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N Engl J Med 2006;
354:1747-1751, Apr 20, 2006.
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