Long-Term Outcomes with Drug-Eluting Stents versus Bare-Metal Stents in Sweden
Bo Lagerqvist, M.D., Ph.D., Stefan K. James, M.D., Ph.D., Ulf Stenestrand, M.D., Ph.D., Johan Lindbäck, M.Sc., Tage Nilsson, M.D., Ph.D., Lars Wallentin, M.D., Ph.D., for the SCAAR Study Group
Background Recent reports have indicated that there may be anincreased risk of late stent thrombosis with the use of drug-elutingstents, as compared with bare-metal stents.
Methods We evaluated 6033 patients treated with drug-elutingstents and 13,738 patients treated with bare-metal stents in2003 and 2004, using data from the Swedish Coronary Angiographyand Angioplasty Registry. The outcome analysis covering a periodof up to 3 years was based on 1424 deaths and 2463 myocardialinfarctions and was adjusted for differences in baseline characteristics.
Results The two study groups did not differ significantly inthe composite of death and myocardial infarction during 3 yearsof follow-up. At 6 months, there was a trend toward a lowerunadjusted event rate in patients with drug-eluting stents thanin those with bare-metal stents, with 13.4 fewer such eventsper 1000 patients. However, after 6 months, patients with drug-elutingstents had a significantly higher event rate, with 12.7 moreevents per 1000 patients per year (adjusted relative risk, 1.20;95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05 to 1.37). At 3 years, mortalitywas significantly higher in patients with drug-eluting stents(adjusted relative risk, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.35), and from6 months to 3 years, the adjusted relative risk for death inthis group was 1.32 (95% CI, 1.11 to 1.57).
Conclusions Drug-eluting stents were associated with an increasedrate of death, as compared with bare-metal stents. This trendappeared after 6 months, when the risk of death was 0.5 percentagepoint higher and a composite of death or myocardial infarctionwas 0.5 to 1.0 percentage point higher per year. The long-termsafety of drug-eluting stents needs to be ascertained in large,randomized trials.
Source Information
From the Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala (B.L., S.K.J., J.L., T.N., L.W.); and Linköping University Hospital, Linköping (U.S.) — both in Sweden. This article (10.1056/NEJMoa067722) was published at www.nejm.org on February 12, 2007.
Address reprint requests to Dr. Lagerqvist at the Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University Hospital, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden, or at bo.lagerqvist{at}ucr.uu.se.
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