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The 1981 discovery by Adolfo J. de Bold of atrial natriuretic peptide, a peptide hormone secreted by the heart in response to volume expansion, revealed a homeostatic mechanism that counterbalanced the salt- and water-retaining actions of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system that predominates in terrestrial animals. This finding was followed by the recognition of additional members of this peptide family in many other tissues, including brain tissue, and the discovery of receptors for these peptides throughout the body. This news beguiled physiologists, physicians, and pharmaceutical companies and led to the expectation that the peptides would be the basis of treatments for diseases
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