Computed Tomography -- An Increasing Source of Radiation Exposure

doi:10.1056/NEJMra072149

Volume 357:2277-2284		November 29, 2007		Number 22

Computed Tomography — An Increasing Source of Radiation Exposure

David J. Brenner, Ph.D., D.Sc., and Eric J. Hall, D.Phil., D.Sc.

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The advent of computed tomography (CT) has revolutionized diagnosticradiology. Since the inception of CT in the 1970s, its use hasincreased rapidly. It is estimated that more than 62 millionCT scans per year are currently obtained in the United States,including at least 4 million for children.¹

By its nature, CT involves larger radiation doses than the morecommon, conventional x-ray imaging procedures (Table 1). Webriefly review the nature of CT scanning and its main clinicalapplications, both in symptomatic patients and, in a more recentdevelopment, in the screening of asymptomatic patients. We focus. . . [Full Text of this Article]

CT and Its Use

Common Types of CT Scans

Radiation Doses from CT Scans

Quantitative Measures

Typical Organ Doses

Biologic Effects of Low Doses of Ionizing Radiation

Mechanism of Biologic Damage

Risks Associated with Low Doses of Radiation

Cancer Risks Associated with CT Scans

Conclusions

Source Information

From the Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University Medical Center, New York.

Address reprint requests to Dr. Brenner at the Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 W. 168th St., New York, NY 10032, or at djb3@columbia.edu.

Related Letters:

Computed Tomography and Radiation Exposure
Tubiana M., Nagataki S., Feinendegen L. E., Dimitroyannis D. A., Frush D. P., Goske M. J., Hernanz-Schulman M., Soyer P., Varnholt H., Brenner D. J., Hall E. J.
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N Engl J Med 2008; 358:850-853, Feb 21, 2008. Correspondence

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